SO, adverb [Latin sic, contracted. It is from some root signifying to set, to still, and this sense is retained in the use of the word by milkmaids, who say to cows, so so that is, stand still, remain as you are; and in this use, the word may be the original verb.]
1. In like manner, answering to as, and noting comparison or resemblance; as with the people, so with the priest.
2. In such a degree; to that degree. Why is his chariot so long in coming? Judges 5:28.
3. In such a manner; sometimes repeated, so and so; as certain colors, mingled so and so
4. It is followed by as. There is something equivalent in France and Scotland; so as it is a hard calumny upon our soil to affirm that so excellent a fruit will not grow here. But in like phrases, we now use that; 'so that it is a hard calumny; ' and this may be considered as the extablished usage.
5. In the smae manner. Use your tutor with great respect, and cause all your family to do so too.
6. Thus; in this manner; as New York so called from the duke of York. I know not why it is, but so it is. It concerns every man, with the greatest seriousness, to inquire whether theese thing are so or not.
7. Therefore; thus; for this reason; in consequence of this or that. It leaves instruction, and so instructors, to the sobriety fo the settled articles of the church. God makes him in own image an intelectual creature, and so capable of dominion. This statute made the clipping of coin hign treason, which it was not at common law; so that this was an enlarging staute.
8. On these terms, noting a conditional petition. Here then exchange we mutually forgiveness; so may the guilt of all my broken vows, my perjuries to thee be all forgotten. so here might be expressed by thus, that is, in this manner, by this mutual forgiveness.
9. Provided that; on condition that, [Latin modo.] so the doctrine by but wholesome and edifying though there should be a want of exactness in the manner of speaking and resoning, it may be overlooked. I care not who furnishes the means, so they are furnished.
10. In like manner, noting the concession of one proposition of fact and the assumption of another; answering to as. As a war should be undertaken upon a just motive, so a prince ought to consider the condition he is in when he enters on it.
11. so often expresses the sense of a word or sentence going before. In this case it prevents a repetition, and may be considered as a substitute for the word or phrase. 'France is highly cultivated, but England is more so ' that is, more highly cultivated.
12. Thus; thus it is; this is the state. How sorrow shakes him! so now the tempest tears him up by th' roots.
13. Well; the fact being such. And so the work is done, is it?
14. It is sometimes used to express a certain degree, implying comparison, and yet without the corresponding word as, to render the degree definite. An astringent is not quite so proper, where relaxing the urinary passages is necessary.
15. It is sometimes equivalent to be it so let it be so let it be as it is, or in that manner. There is Percy; if your father will do me any honor, so; if not, let him kill the next Percy himself.
16. It expresses a wish, desire or petition. Ready are the appellant and defendant- so please your highness to behold the fight.
17. so much as, however much. Instead of so we now generally use as; as much as, that much; whatever the quantity may be.
18. so so or so repeated, used as a kind of exclamation; equivalent to well, well; or it is so the thing is done. so so it works; now, mistress, sit you fast.
19. so so much as it was; indifferently; not well not much amiss. His leg is but so so
20. so then, thus then it is; therefore; the consequence is. so then the Volscians stand; but as at first ready, when time shall prompt them, to make road upon's again.
SOAK, verb transitive
1. To steep; to cause or suffer to lie in a fluid till the substance has imbibed what it can contain; to macerate in water or other fluid; as, to soak cloth; to soak bread.
2. To drench; to wet thoroughly. The earth is soaked with heavy rain. Their land shall be soaked with blood. Isaiah 34:7.
3. To draw in by the pores; as the skin.
4. To drain. [Not authirized.]
SOAK, verb intransitive
1. To lie steeped in water or other fluid. Let the cloth lie and soak
2. To enter into pores or interstices. Water soaks into the earth or other porous matter.
3. To drink intemperately or gluttonously; to drench; as a soaking club. [Low.]
SOAKED, participle passive Steeped or macerated in a fluid; drenched.
SOAKER, noun
1. One that soaks or macerates in a liquid.
2. A hard drinker. [Low.]
SOAKING, participle present tense
1. Steeping; macerating; drenching; imbibing.
2. adjective That wets thoroughly; as a soaking rain.
SOAL, of a show. [See Sole.]
SOAP, noun [Latin sapo.] A compound of oil and alkali, or oil and earth, and metallic oxyds; usually, a compound of oil and vegetable alkali or lye; used in washing and cleansing, in medicine, etc.
SOAP, verb transitive To rub or wash over with soap
SOAPHERRY TREE, noun A tree of the genus Sapindus.
SOAPSTONE, noun Steatite; a minera; or species of magnesian earth, usually white or yellow; ; the lapis ollaris.
SOAPWORT, noun A plant of the genus Saponaria.
SOAPY, adjective
1. Resembling soap; having the qualities of soap; soft and smooth.
2. Smeared with soap.
SOAR, verb intransitive
1. To fly aloft; to mount upon the wing; as an eagle. Hence,
2. To rise high; to mount; to tower in thought or imagination; to be sublime; as the poet or orator.
3. To rise high in ambition or heroism. Valor soars above what the world calls misfortune.
4. In general, to rise aloft; to be lofty.
SOAR, noun A towering flight.
SOARING, participle present tense Mounting on the wing; rising aloft; towering in thought or mind.
SOARING, noun The act of mounting on the wing, or of towering in thought or mind; intellectual flight.
SOB, verb intransitive To sigh with a sudden heaving of the breast, or a kind of convulsive motion; to sigh with deep sorrow or with tears. She sigh'd, she sobb'd, and furious wtih despair, she rent her garments, and she tore her hair.
SOB, noun A convulsive sign or catching of the breath in sorrow; a convulsive act of respiration obstructed by sorrow. Break, heart, or choke with sobs my hated breath.
SOB, verb transitive To soak. [Not in use.]
SOB'BING, participle present tense sighing with a heaving of the breast.
SO'BER, adjective [Latin sobrius.]
1. Temperate in the use of spiritous liquors; habitually temperate; as a sober man. Live a sober righteous and godly life.
2. Not intoxicated or overpowered by spiritous liquors; not drunken. The sot may at times be sober
3. Not mad or insane; not wild, visionary or heated with passion; having the regular exercise of cool dispassionate reason. There was not a sober person to be had; all was tempestuous and blustering. Not sober man would put himself in danger, for the applause of escaping without breaking his neck.
4. Regular; calm; not under the influence of passion; as sober judgment; a man in his sober senses.
5. Serious; solemn; grave; as the sober livery of autumn. What parts gay France from sober Spain? See her sober over a sampler, or gay over a jointed baby.
SO'BER, verb transitive TO make sober; to cure of intoxication. There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain and drinking largely sobers us again.
SO'BERED, participle passive Make sober.
SO'BERLY, adverb
1. Without intemperance.
2. Without enthusiasm.
3. Without intemperate passion; coolly; calmly; moderately.
4. Gravely; seriously.
SO'BERMINDED, adjective Having a disposition or tempter habitually sober, calm and temperate.
SO'BERMINEDNESS, n, Calmness; freedon from inordinate passions; habitual sobriety.
SO'BERNESS, noun
1. Freedom from intoxication; temperance.
2. Gravity; seriousness.
3. Freedom from heat and passion; calmness; coolness. The soberness of Virgil might have shown him the difference.
SOBRI'ETY, noun [Latin sobrietas, from sobrius.]
1. Habitual soberness or temperance in the use of spirituous liquors; as when we say. a man of sobriety
2. Freedom from intoxication. Public sobriety is a relative duty.
3. Habitual freedom from enthusiasm, inordinate passion or overheated imagination; calmness; coolness; as the sobriety of riper years; the sobriety of age.
4. Seriousness; gravity without sadness or melancholy. Mirth makes them not mad, nor sobriety sad.
SOC, noun [Latin sequor.]
1. Properly, the sequela, secta or suit, or the body of suitors; hence, the power or privilege of holding a court in a district, as in a manor; jurisdiction of causes, and the limits of that jurisdiction.
2. Liberty or privilege of tenants excused from customary burdens.
3. An exclusive privilege claimed by millers of grinding all the corn used within the manor or township in which the mill stands.
SOC'AGE, noun [from soc, supra, a privilege.] In English law, a tenure of lands and tenements by a cetain or determinate service; a tenure distinct from chivalry or knight's service, in which the render was uncertain. The service must be certain, in order to be denominated socage; as to hold by fealty and twenty shillings rent. socage is of two kinds; free socage where the services are not only certain, but honorable, and villein socage where the services, though certain, are of a baser nature.
SOC'AGER, noun A tenant by socage; a socman.
SOCIABIL'ITY, noun Sociableness; disposition to associate and converse with others; or the practive of familiar converse.
SO'CIABLE, adjective [Latin sociabilis, from socius, a companion, probably from sequor, to follow. See Seek.]
1. That may be conjoined; fit to be united in one body or company; as sociable parts united in one body.
2. Ready or disposed to unite in a general interest. To make man mild, and sociable to man.
3. Ready and inclined to join in company or society; or frequently meeting for conversation; as sociable neighbors.
4. Inclined to converse when in company; disposed to freedom in conversation; opposed to reserved and taciturn.
5. Free in conversation; conversing much or familiarly. The guests were very sociable
SO'CIABLENESS, noun Disposition to associate; inclination to company and converse; or actual frequent union in society or free converse. This word may signify either the disposition to associate, or the disposition to enter into familiar conversation, or the actual practice of associating and conversing.
SO'CIABLY, adverb In a sociable manner; with free intercourse; conversibly; familiarly; as a companion.
SO'CIAL, adjective [Latin socialis, from socius, companion.]
1. Pertaining to society; relating to men living in society. or to the publice as an aggregate body; as social interests or concerns; social pleasures; social benefits; social happiness; social duties. True self-love and social are the same.
2. Ready or disposed to mix in friendly converse; companionable. Withers, adieu? yet not with thee remove thy martial spirit or thy social love.
3. Consisting in union or mutual converse.
4. Disposed to unite in society. Man is a social being.
SOCIAL'ITY, noun Socialness; the quality of being social.
SOCIALLY, adverb In a social manner or way.
SOCIALNESS, noun The quality of being social.
SOCI'ETY, noun [Latin societas, from socius, a companion. See Sociable.]
1. The union of a number of rational beings; or a number of persons united, either for a temporary or permanent purpose. Thus the inhabitants of a state or of a city constitute a society having common interests; and hence it is called a community. In a more enlarged sense, the whole race or family of man is a society and called human society The true and natural foundation of society are the wants and fears of individuals.
2. Any number of persons associated for a particular purpose, whether incorporated by law, or only united by articles of agreement; a fraternity. Thus we have bible societies for various objects; societies for mechanics, and leaned societies; societies for encouraging arts, etc.
3. Company; a temporary association of persons for profit or pleasure. In this sense, company is more generally used.
4. Conpany; fellowship. We frequent the society of those we love and esteem.
5. Partnership; fellowship; union on equal terms. Among unequals what society can sort? Heav'n's greatness no society can bear.
6. Persons living in the same neighborhood, who frequently meet in company and have fellowship. Literary society renders a place interesting and agreeable.
7. In Connecticut, a number of families united and incorporated for the purpose of supporting public worship, is called an exxlesiastical society This is a parish, except that it has not territorial limits. In Massachusetts, such as incorporated society is usually called a parish, though consisting of persons only, without regard to territory.
SOCIN'IAN, adjective [from Socinus, a native of Sienna, in Tuscany, the founder of the sect of Socinians in the 16th century.] Pertaning to Socinus, or his religious creed.
SOCIN'IAN, noun One of the followers of socinian
SOCINIANISM, noun The tenets or doctrines of Socinus, who held Christ to be a mere man inspired, denied his divinity and atonement, and the doctrine of original depravity.
SOCK, noun [Latin soccus; ]
1. The shoe of the ancient actors of comedy. Hence the word is used for comedy, and opposed to buskin or tragedy. Great Fletcher never teads in buskin here, nor greater Jonson dares in socks appear.
2. A garment for the foot, like the foot of a stocking.
3. A plowshare.
SOCK'ET, noun
1. The little hollow tube or place in which a candle is fixed in the candlestick. And in the sockets oily bubbles dance.
2. Any hollow thing or place which receives and holds something else; as the sockets of the teeth or of the eyes. his eyeballs in their hollow sockets sink. Gomphosis is the connection of a tooth to its socket
SOCK'LESS, adjective Destitute of socks or shoes.
SO'CLE, noun [See Sock.] In architecture, a flat squre member under the basis of pedestals of vases and statues, serving as a foot or stand.
SOC'MAN, noun [See Socage.] One who holds lands or tenements by socage.
SOC'MANRY, noun Tenure by socage. [Not in use.]
SOC'OME, noun A custom of tenants to grind corn at the lord's mill. [Not used.]
SOC'OTORINE, SOC'OTRINE, adjective socotorine or socotrine aloes, a fine kind of aloes from Socotra, an isle in the Indian oceans.
SOC'OTORINE, SOC'OTRINE, adjective Socotorine or SOCOTRINE aloes, a fine kind of aloes from Socotra, an isle in the Indian oceans.
SOCRAT'IC, SOCRAT'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage, or his language or manner of teaching and philosophizing. The socratic metod of resoning and instruction was by inter rugatories.
SOCRAT'IC, SOCRAT'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to Socrates, the Grecian sage, or his language or manner of teaching and philosophizing. The Socratic metod of resoning and instruction was by inter rugatories.
SOCRAT'ICALLY, adverb In the Socratic method.
SOC'RATISM, noun The doctrines of philosophy of Socrates.
SOC'RATIST, noun A disciple of Socrates.
SOD,
n. Turf; sward; that stratum of earth on the surface which is filled with the roots of grass, or any portion of that surface. It differs from clod, which may be compact mass of earth without roots; but sod is formed by earth held together by roots.
SOD, adjective Made or consisting of sod
SOD, verb transitive To cover with sod; to turf.
SOD, preterit tense of seethe; also the passive participle. [See Sodden.]
SO'DA, noun Mineral fixed alkali; natron; so called because it forms the basis of marine salt. It is found native in Egypt; but it is generally obtained form the salsola kali. soda is an oxyd, or the protoxyd of sodiem, a metal.
SO'DALITE, noun A mineral; so called from the large portion of mineral alkali which enters into its composition. It is of a bluish green color, and found crystalized or in masses.
SOD'DEN, participle passive of seethe. Boiled; seethed.
SOD'DY, adjective [from sod.] Turfy; consisting of sod; covered with sod.
SOD'ER, verb transitive [It has been taken for granted that this is a contracted word, from Latin solido, and hence written solder. The fact may be doubted; but if true, the settled pronunciation seems to render it expedient to let the contracted orthography remain undisturbed.] To unite and make solid, as metallic substances; to join separate things or parts of the same thing by a metallic substance in a state of fustion, which hardens in cooling, and renders the joint solid.
SOD'ER, noun Metallic cement; a metal or metallic composition used in uniting other metallic substances.
SO'DIUM, noun The metallic base of soda. It is soft, sectile, white and opake, and very malleable. It is lighter than water.
SOD'OMITE, noun
1. An inhabitant of Sodom.
2. One guilty of sodomy.
SOD'OMY, noun A crime against nature.
SOE, noun A large wooden vessel for holding water; a cowl.
SOEVER, so and ever, found in compounds, as in whosoever, whatsoever, wheresoever, See these words. It is sometimes used separate from the pronoun; as, in what things soever you undertake, use diligence and fidelity.
SO'FA, noun [probably an oriental word.] An elegant long seat, usually with a stuffed bottom. Sofas are variously made. In the United States, the frame of stuffed cloth, with a covering of silk, chintz. calico or hair-cloth. The sofa of the orientals is a kind of alcove raised half a foot above the floor, where visitors of distinction are received. It is also a seat by the side of the room covered with a carpet.
SOF'FIT, noun
1. In architecture, any timber ceiling formed of cross beams, the compartments of which are enriched with sculpture, painting or gilding.
2. The under side of face of an architrave, enriched with compartment of roses.
SOFT, adjective
1. Easily yielding to pressure ; the contrary of hard; as a soft bed; a soft peach; soft earth.
2. Not hard; easily separated by an edged instrument; as soft wood. The chestnut is a soft wood, but more durable than hickory, with is a very hard wood. So we say, a soft stone, when it breaks or is hewed with ease.
3. Easily worked; malleable; as soft iron.
4. Not rough, rugged or harsh; smooth to the touch; delicate; as soft silk; soft raiment a soft skin.
5. Delicate; feminine; as the softer sex.
6. Easily yielding to persuasion or motives flexible; susceptible of influence or passion. In both these senses, soft is appiled to females, and sometimes males; as a divine of a soft and servile temper. One king is too soft and easy.
7. Tender; timorous. However soft within themselves they are, to you they will be valiant be despair.
8. Mild; gentle; kind; not severe or unfeeling; as a person of a soft nature.
9. Civil; complaisant; courteous; as a person of soft manners. He has a soft way of asking favors.
10. Placid; still; easy. On her soft axie while whe paces even, she bears thee soft with the smooth air along.
11. Effeminate; viciouly nice. An idle soft course of life is the source of crminal pleasures.
12. Delicate; elegantly tender. Her form more soft and feminine.
13. Weak; impressible. The deceive soon found this soft place of Adam's [Not elegant.]
14. Gentle; smooth or melodious to the ear. not loud, rough or harsh; as a soft voice or note; a soft sound; soft accents; soft whispers.
15. Smooth; flowing; not rough or vehement. The solemn nightingale tun'd her soft lays. soft were my numbers, who could take offense?
16. Easy; quiet; undisturbed; as soft slumbers.
17. Mild to the eye; not strong or glaring; as soft colors; the soft coloring of a picture. The sun shining on the upper part of the clounds, made the softes light imaginable.
18. Mild; warm; pleasant to the feelings; as soft air.
19. Not tinged with an acid; not hard; not astringent; as, soft water is the best for washing.
20. Mild; gentle; not rough, rude or irritating. A soft answer turneth away wrath. Proverbs 15:1.
SOFT, adverb Softly; gently; quietly.
SOFT, exclamation for be soft hold; stoop; not so fast. But, soft my muse, the world is wide.
SOFTEN, verb transitive sof'n.
1. To make soft or more soft; to make less hard. their arrow's point they soften in the flame.
2. To mollify; to make less fierce or intractable; to make more susceptible of humane or fine feelings; as, to soften a hard heart; to soften savage natures. The heart is softened by pity. Diffidence concilliates the proud, and softens the severe.
3. To make less harsh or severe; as, to soften an expression.
4. To palliate; to represent as less enormous; as, to soften a fault.
5. To make easy; to compose; to mitigate; to alleviate. Music can soften the pain to ease.
6. To make calm and placid. Bid her be all that cheers or softens life.
7. To make less harsh, less rude, less offensive or violent. But sweetly temper'd awe, and soften'd all be spoke.
8. To make less glaring; as, to soften the coloring of a picture.
9. To make tender; to make effeminate; to enervate; as troops softened by luxury.
10. To make less harsh or grating; as, to soften the voice.
SOFTEN, verb intransitive sof'n. To become less hard; to become more pliable and yielding to pressure; as, irion or wax softens in heat; fruits soften as they ripen.
2. To become less rude, harsh or cruel; as, savage natures soften by civilization.
3. To become less obstinate or obdurate; to become more susceptible of humane feelings and tenderness; to relent. The heart softens at the sight of woe.
4. To become more mild; as, the air softens.
5. To become less harsh, severe or rigorous.
SOFT'ENED, participle passive Made less hard or less harsh; made less obdurate or cruel, or less glaring.
SOFT'ENING, participle present tense Making more soft; making less rough or cruel, etc.
SOFT'ENING, noun The act of making less hard, less cruel or obdurate, less violent, less glaring. etc.
SOFT'HEARTED, adjective Having tenderness of heart; susceptible of pity or other kindly affection; gentle; meek.
SOFT'LING, noun An effeminate person; one vitiously nice. [Little used.]
SOFT'LY, adverb
1. Without hardness.
2. Not with force or violence; gently; as, be softly pressed my hand.
3. Not loudly; without noise; as, speak softly; walk softly In this dark silence softly leave the town.
4. Gently; placidly. She softly lays him on a flowery bed.
5. Mildly; tenderly. The king must die; though pity softly pleads within my soul.
SOFT'NER, noun
1. He or that which softens.
2. One that palliates.
SOFT'NESS, noun
1. The quality of bodies which renders them capable of yielding to pressure, or of easily receiving impressions from other bodies; opposed to hardness.
2. Susceptibility of feeling or passion; as the softness of the heart or of our natures.
3. Mildness; kindness; as softness of words or expressions.
4. Mildness; civility; gentleness; as softness of manners.
5. Effeminacy; vicious delicacy. He was not delighted with the softness of the court.]
6. Timorousness; pusillanimity; excessive susceptibility of fear or alarm. This virtue could not proceed out of fear or softness
7. Smoothness to the ear; as the softness of sounds, which is distinct from exility or fineness.
8. Facility; gentleness; candor; easiness to be affected; as softness of spirit.
9. Gentleness, as contrary to vehemence. With strength and softness energy and ease.
10. Mildness of temper; meekness. For contemplation he and valor form'd for softness she, and sweet attractive grace.
11. Weakness; simplicity.
12. Mild temperature; as the softness of a climate.
SOG'GY, adjective [allied probably to soak.]
1. Wet; filled with water; soft with moisture; as soggy land. Timber that has imbibed water is said to be soggy
2. Steaming with damp.
SOHO, exclamation A word used in calling from a distant place; a sportman's halloo.
SOIL, verb transitive
1. To make dirty on the surface; to foul; to dirt; to stain; to defile; to tarnish; to sull; as, to soil a garment with dust. Out wonted ornaments now soil'd and stain'd.
2. To cover or tinge with any thing extraneous; as, to soil the earth with blood.
3. To dung; to manure.
TO soil A HORSE, is to purge him by giving him fresh grass.
TO soil A CATTLE, in husbandry, is to feed them with grass daily mowed for them, instead of pasturing them.
SOIL, noun
1. Dirt; and foul matter upon another substance; foulness; apot.
2. Stain; tarnish. A lady's honor will not bear a soil
3. The upper stratum of the earth; the mold, or that compound substance with furnishes nutriment to plants, or which is particulary adapted to support and nourish them.
4. Land; country. We love our native soil
5. Dung; compost. Improve land by dung and other sort of soils.
TO TAKE SOIL, to run into the water, as a deer when pursued.
SOIL'ED, participle passive Fouled; stained; tarnished; manured; fed with grass.
SOIL'INESS, noun Stain; foulness. [Little used.]
SOIL'ING, participle present tense Defiling; fouling; tarnishing; feeding with fresh grass; manuring.
SOIL'ING, noun The act of practice of feeding cattle or horses with fresh grass, instead of pasturing them.
SOIL'LESS, adjective Destitute of soil.
SOIL'URE, noun Stain; pollution [Not in use.]
SOJOURN, verb intransitive so'jurn. To dwell for a time; to dwell or live in a place as a temporary resident, or as a stranger, not considering the place as his permanent habitation. So Abram sojourned in Egypt. Genesis 12:10.
SO'JOURN, noun A temporary residence, as that of a traveler in a foreign land.
SO'JOURNER, noun A temporary resident; a stranger or traveler who dwells in a place for a time. We are strangers before thee and sojourners, as all out father were. I Chron. 29.
SO'JOURNING, participle present tense Dwelling for a time.
SO'JOURNING, noun The act of dwelling in a place for a time; also, the time of abode. Exodus 12:40.
SO'JOURNMENT, noun Temporary residence, as that of a stanger or traveler.
SOL, noun [from Latin solidus.]
1. In France, a small copper coin; a penny; usually sou sor sous.
2. A copper coin and money of acount in Switzerland.
SOL, noun The name of a not in music.
SOL'ACE, verb transitive [from Latin soatium; solor, to comfort, assuage, relieve. See Console.]
1. To cheer in grief or under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in afflication; to console; applied to persons; as, to solace one's self with the hop of future reward.
2. To allay; to assuage; as, to solace grief.
SOL'ACE, verb intransitive To take comfort; to be cheered or relieved in grief.
SOL'ACE, noun Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; recreation. The propersolaces of age are not music and compliments, but wisdom and devotion.
SOL'ACED, participle passive Comforted; cheered in afflication.
SOL'ACING, participle present tense Relieving grief; cheering in affliction.
SOLA'CIOUS, adjective Affording comfort or amusement. [Not in use.]
SOLAND'ER, noun A disease in horses.
SOLA'NO, noun A hot S.E. wind in Spain which produces inflammatory effects on men.
SO'LAR, adjective [Latin solaris, for sol, the sun.]
1. Pertaining to the sun, as the solar system;
2. Belonging to the sun as solar herbs. [Not used.]
3. In astrology, born under the predominant influence of the sun; as a solar people.
4. Measured by the progress of the sun, or by its revolution; as the solar year.
SOLAR FLOWERS, are those which open and shut daily, at certain determinate hours.
SOLAR SPOTS, dark spots that appear on the sun's disk, usually visible only by the telescope, but sometimes so large as to be seen by the naked eye. They adhere to the body of the sun; indicate its revolutions on its axis; are very changeable in their figure and dimensions; and vary in size from mere points to spaces 50, 000 miles in diametet.
SOLD, preterit tense and participle passive of sell.
SOLD, noun [from the foot of soldier.] Salary; military pay. [Not in use.]
SOL'DAN, for sultan, [Not in use.]
SOL'DANEL, noun [L, soldanella.] A plant.
SOL'DER, verb transitive [from Latin solido, solidus.] To unite by a metallic cement. [See Soder.]
SOL'DER, noun A metallic cement. [See Soder.]
SOLDIER, noun soljur. [from Latin solidus, a piece of money, the pay of a soldier ]
1. A man engaged in military service; one whose occupation is military; a man enlisted for service in an army; a private, or noe in the ranks. There ought to be some time for sober reflection between the life of a soldier and his death.
2. A man enrolled for service, when on duty or embodied for military discipline; a private; as a militia soldier
3. Emphatically, a brave warrior; a man of military experience and skill, or a man of distinguished valor. In this sense, an officer of any grade may be denominated a soldier
SOLDIERESS, noun A female soldier. [Not in use.]
SOLDIERLIKE, SOLDIERLY, adjective Like or becoming a real soldier; brave; martial; heroic; honorable.
SOLDIERLIKE, SOLDIERLY adjective Like or becoming a real soldier; brave; martial; heroic; honorable.
SOLDIERSHIP, noun Military qulities; military character or state; martial skill; behavior becoming a soldier.
, noun
1. Soldiers collectively; the body of military men. I charge not the soldiery with ignorance and contempt of learning, without exception.
2. Soldiership; military service.
SOLE, noun [Latin solea, solum; that which sets or is set or laid. The radical sense coincides with that of sill.]
1. The bottom of the foot; and by a figure, the foot itselft.
2. The bottom of the shoe; or the piece of lether which constitutes the bottom. The cliga was a military show with a very thick sole tied above the instep.
3. The part of any thing that forms the bottom, and on which it stands upon the ground. Elms is proper for mills, soles for wheels, and pipes.
4. A marine fish of the genus Pleurinectes, so called probably because it keeps on or near the bottom of the sea. These fish abound on the British coast, and hence the name of sole bank, to the southward of Ireland. This fish sometimes grows to the weight of six or seven pounds.
5. In ship-building, a sort of lining, used to prevent the wearing of any thing.
6. A sort of horn under a horse's hoof.
SOLE, verb transitive To furnish with a sole; as, to sole a shoe.
SOLE, adjective [Latin solus.]
1. Single; being or acting without another; individual; only. God is the sole creator and sovereign of the world.
2. In law, single; unmarried; as a femme sole
SOL'ECISM, noun
1. Impropriety in language, or a gross deviation from the rules of syntax; incongruity of words; want of correspondence or consistency. A barbarism may be in one word; a solecism must be of more.
2. Any unfitness, absurdity or impropriety. Cesar, by dismissing his guards and retaining his power, committed a dangerous solecism in politics.
SOL'ECIST, noun One who is guilty of impropriety in language.
SOLECIST'IC, SOLECIST'ICAL, adjective Incorrect; incongruous.
SOLECIST'IC, SOLECIST'ICAL, adjective Incorrect; incongruous.
SOLECIST'ICALLY, adverb In a solecistic manner.
SOL'ECIZE, verb intransitive To commit solecism.
SO'LELY, adverb Singly; alone; only; without another; as, to rest a cause solely on one argument; to rely solely on one's own strength.
SOLEMN, adjective sol'em. [Latin solennis, form soleo, to be accustomed, to use, that is, to hold on or continue, as we have wont.]
1. Anniversary; observed once a year with religious ceremonies. The worship of this image was advanced and a solemn supplication observed every year. [I doubt the correctness of this definition of Johnson; or whether solemn in out language, ever includes the sense of anniversary. In the passage cited, the sense of anniversary is expressed by every year, and if it is included in solemn also the sentence is tautological. I should say the, that solemn in this passage of Stillingfleet, has the sense given in the second definition below.]
2. Religiously grave; marked with pomp and sanctity; attended with religious rites. His holy rites and solemn feasts profan'd.
3. Religiosly serious; piously grave; devout; marked by reverence to God; as solemn prayer; the solemn duties of the sanctuary.
4. Affectiong with seriousness; impressing or adapted to impress seriousness, gravity or reverence; sober; serious. There reign'd a solemn silence over all. To 'swage with solemn touches troubled thoughts.
5. Grave; serious; or affectedly grave; as a solemn face.
6. Sacred; enjoined by religion; or attended with a serious appeal to God; as a solemn oath.
7. Marked with solemaities; as a solemn day.
SOL'EMNESS, noun
1. The state or quality of being solemn; reverential manner; gravity; as the solemness of public worship.
2. Solemnity; gravity of manner.
SOLEM'NITY, noun
1. A rite or ceremony annualy performed with religious reverence. Great was the cause; our old solemnities from no blind zeal or fond tradition rise, but sav'd from death, our Arguves yearly pay these grateful honors to the god of day.
[Solemnities seems here to include the sense of anniversary. See the fourth line. But in modern usage, that sense is rarely or never attached to the word.]
2. A religious ceremony; a ritual performance attended with religious reverence; as the solemnity of a funral or of a sacrament.
3. A ceremony adapted to impress awe; as the solemnities of the last day.
4. Manner of acting awfully serious. With horrible solemnity he caused every thing to be prepared for his triumph of victory.
5. Gravity; steady seriouness; as the solemnity of the Spanish language.
6. Affected gravity. Solemnity's a cover for a sot.
SOLEMNIZA'TION, noun The act of solemnizing; celebration; as the solemnization of a marriage.
SOL'EMNIZE, verb transitive
1. To dignify or honor by ceremonies; to celebrate; as, to solemnize the birth of Christ. Their choice nobility and flow'r met from all parts to solemnize this feast.
2. To perform with ritual ceremonies and respect, or according to legal forms; as, to solemnize a marriage.
3. To peform religiouly once a year.
4. To make grave, serious and reverential; as, to solemnize the mind for the duties of the sanctuary. [This use of the word is well authorized in the United States.]
SOL'EMNLY, adverb With gravity and religious reverence. Let us solemnly address the throne of grace.
2. With official formalities and be due authority. This question of law has been solemnly decided in the highest court.
3. With formal state.
4. With formal gravity and stateliness, or with affected gravity. There in deaf murmurs solemnly are wise.
5. With religious seriousness; as, I solemnly declare myselft innocent. I do solemnly assure the reader.
SO'LENITE, noun Petrified solen, a genus of shells.
SO'LENNESS, noun [from sole.] Singleness; a state of being unconnected with others.
SOLIC'IT, verb transitive [Latin solicito. I know not whether this word is somple or compound; probably the latter.]
1. To ask with some degree of earnestness; to make petition to; to apply to for obtaining something. This word implies earnestness in seeking, but I think less earnestness in seeking, but I tinks less earnestness than beg, implore, entreat. and importune, and more than ask or request; as when we say, a man solicits the minister for an office; he solicits his father for a favor. Did I solicit thee form darkness to promote me?
2. TO ask for with some degree of earnestness; to seek by petition; as, to solicit an office; to solicit a favor.
3. To awake or excite to action; to summon; to invite. That fruit solicited her longing eye. Sounds and some tangible qualities solicit their proper senses, and force an entrance to the mind.
4. To attempt; to try to obtain. I view my crime, but kindle at the view, repeat old pleasures and solicit nes.
5. TO disturb; to disquiet; a Latinism rarely used. But anxious fears solicit my weak breast.
SOLICITA'TION, noun
1. Earnest request; a seeking to obtain something from another with some degree of zeal and earnestness; sometimes perhaps, importunity. He obtained a grant by repeated solicitations.
2. Excitement; invitation; as the solicitation of the senses.
SOLIC'ITED, participle passive Earnestly requested.
SOLIC'ITING, participle present tense Requesting with earnestness; asking for; attempting to obtain.
SOLIC'ITOR, noun
1. One who asks with earnestness; one that asks for another.
2. An attorney, advocate or counselor at law who is authorized to practice in the English court or chancery. In America, an advocate or counselor at law, who, like the attorney general or state's attorney, prosecutes actions for the state.
SOLIC'ITOUS, adjective [Latin solicitus.]
1. Careful; anxious; ver desirous, as to obtain something. Men are often more solicitous to obtain the favor of their king or of the people, than of their Maker.
2. Careful; anxious concerned; as respecting an unknown but interesting event; followed usually by about or for. We say, a man is solicitous about the fate ofhis petition, or about the result of the negotiation. He is solicitous for the safety of his ship.
3. Anxious; concerned; followed by for, as when something is to be obtained. Be not solicitous for the future.
SOLIC'ITOUSLY, adverb Anxiously; with car and concern. Errors in religion or in science are to be solicitously avoided. A wise prince solicitously promotes the prosperity of his subjects.
SOLIC'ITRESS, noun A female who solicits pr petitions.
SOLIC'ITUDE, noun [Latin solicitude ] Carefulness; concern; anxiety; uneasiness of mind occasioned by the fear of evil or the desire of good. A man feels soliciude when his friend is sick. We feel solicitude for the success of an enterprise. With what solicitude should men seek to secure future happiness.
SOL'ID, adjective [L, solidus; from the sense to setting or pressure, and hence allied to Latin solum, Eng. sill.]
1. Hard; firm; compact; having its constituent particles so close or dense as to resist the impression or penetration of other bodies. Hence solid bodies are not penetrable, not are the parts moveable and easily displaced like those of fluids. solid is opposed to fluid and liquid.
2. Not hollow; full of matter; as a solid globe or cone, as distinguished from a hollow one.
3. Having all the gemetrical dimensions; cubic; as, a solid foot contains 1728 solid inhes. [In this sense, cubic is not generally used.]
4. Firm; compact; strong; as a solid pier; a solid pile; a solid wall.
5. Sound; not weakly; as a solid constitution of body. [Sound is more generally used.]
6. Real; sound; valid; true; just; not empty or fallacious. Wise men seek solid reasons for their opinions.
7. Grave; profound; not light, trifling or superficial. These wanting wit, affect gravity, and go by the name of solid men.
8. In botany, of a fleshy, uniform, undivided substance, as a bulb or root; not spungy or hollow within, as a stem.
A solid FOOT, contains 1728 solid inches, weighing 1000 ounces of rain water.
SOLID ANGLE, an angle formed by three or more plain angles meeting in a point.
SOLID SQUARE, in military language, is a square body of troops; a body in which the ranks and files are equal.
SO'LID, noun A firm compact body. In anatomy and medical science, the bones, flesh and vessls of animal bodies are called solids, in distinction from the blood, chyle and other fluids.
SOL'IDATE, verb transitive [Latin solido.] To make soild or firm. [Little used.]
SOLIDIFICA'TION, noun The act of making solid.
SOLID'IFIED, participle passive Made solid.
SOLID'IFY, verb transitive [Latin solidus, solid, and facio, to make.] To make solid or compact.
SOLID'IFYING, participle present tense Making solid.
SOLID'ITY, noun [Latin soliditas.]
1. Firmness; hardness; density; compactness; that quality of bodies whcih resists impression and penetration; opposed to fluidity. That which hinders the apporach of two bodies moving ine towards another, I call solidity
2. Fullness of matter; opposed to hollowness.
3. Moral firmness; soundness; strength; validity; truth; certainty; as opposed to weakness or fallaciounes; as the soildity of arguments or reasonig; the solidity of principles, truths or opinious.
4. In geometry, the solid contents of a body.
SOL'IDLY, adverb
1. Firmly; densely; compactly; as the parts of a pier solidly united.
2. Firmly; truly; on firm grounds. A complete brave man ought to know solidly the main end of his being in the world.
SOL'IDNESS, noun
1. The quality of being firm, dense or compact; firmness; compactness; solidity; as of material bodies.
2. Soundness; strength; truth; validity; as of arguments, reasons, principles, etc.
SOLIDUN'GULOUS, adjective [Latin solidus, solid, and ungula, hoof.] Having hoofs that are whole or not cloven. A horse is a solidungulous animal.
SOLIFID'IAN, noun [Latin solus, alone, and fides, faith.] One who maintains that faith alone, without works, is necessary to justification.
SOLIFID'IANISM, noun The tenets of solifidians.
SOLIL'OQUIZE, verb intransitive To utter a soliloquy.
SOLIL'OQUY, noun [Latin solus, alone, and loquor, to speak.]
1. A talking to one's self; a talking or discourse of a person alone, or not addressed to another person, even when others are persent. Lovers are always allowed the comfort of soliloquy
2. A written composition, reciting what it is supposed a person speaks to himself. The whole poem is a solioquy.
SOL'IPED, noun [Latin solus, alone, or solidus, and pes, foot. But the word is ill formed.] AN animal whose foot is not cloven. The solopeds constitute an order of quadrupeds with undivided hoofs, corresponding to the Linnean genus Equus.
SOLITA'IR, noun [Latin solitarius. See Solitary.]
1. A person who lives in solitude; a recluse; a hermit.
2. An ornament for the neck.
SOLITA'RIAN, noun A hermit.
SOL'ITARILY, adverb [from solitary.] In solitude; alone; without company. Feed they people with thy rod, the flock of thy heritage, that dwell solitarily in the wood. Micah 7:14.
SOL'ITARINESS, noun The state of being alone; forbearance of company; retirement, or habitual retirement. At home, in wholesome solitariness
2. Solitude; loneliness; destitution of company or of animated beings; applied to place; as the solitariness of the country or of a wood.
SOL'ITARY, adjective [Latin solitarius, from solus, alone.]
1. Living alone; not having company. Some of the more ferocious animals are solitary seldom or never being found in flocks or herds. Thus the lion is called a solitary animal. Those rare and solitary these in flocks.
2. Retired; remote from society; not having company, or not much frequented; as a solitary residence or place.
3. Lonely; destitute of company; as a solitary life.
4. Gloomy; still; dismal. Let that night be solitary let no joyful voice come therein. Job 3:7.
5. Single; as a solitary instance of vengeance; a solitary example.
6. In botany, separate; one only in a place; as a solitary stipule. A solitary flower is when there is only one to each peduncle; a solitary seed, when there is only one in a pericarp.
SOL'ITARY, noun One that lives alone of in solitude; a hermit; a recluse.
SOL'ITUDE, noun [Latin solitudo; from solus, alone.]
1. Loneliness; a state of being alone; a lonely life. Whoever is delighted with solitude is either a wild beast or a god.
2. Loneliness; remote ness from society; as the solitude of a wood or a valley; the solitude of the country. The solitude of his little parish is become matter of great comfort to him.
3. A lonely place; a desert. In these deep solitudes and awful cells, where heavenly-pensive contemplation dwells.
SOLIV'AGANT, adjective [Latin solivagus; solus, alone, and vagor, or wander.] Wandering alone.
SOL'LAR, noun [Low Latin solarium.] A garret or upper room. [Not in use.]
SOLMIZA'TION, noun [from sol, mi, musical notes.] A solfaing; a repetition or recital of the notes of the gammut.
SO'LO, noun [Latin solus, alone.] A tune, air or strain to be played by a single instrument, or sung by a single voice.
SOLOMON'S LEAF, noun A plant.
SOLOMON'S SEAL, noun A plant of the genus Convallaria, and another of the genus Uvularia.
SOL'STICE, noun [Latin solstitium; sol, the sun, and sto, to stand.] In astronomy, the point in the ecliptic at which the sun stops or ceases to recede from the equator, eith north in summer, or south in winter; a tropic or tropical point. There are two solstices; the summer solsitce, the first degree of Cancer, which the sun enter on the 21st of June, and the winter solstice the first degree of Capricorn, which the sun enters on the 21st of Decenber.
SOLSIT'TIAL, adjective
1. Pertaining to a solstice; as a solstitial point.
2. Happening at a solstice; usually with us, at the summer solstice or midsummer; as solstitial heat.
SOLUBIL'ITY, noun [from soluble.] The quality of a body which renders it susceptible of solution; susceptibility of being dissolved in a fluid. The solubility of resins is chiefly confined to spirits or alcohol.
SOL'UBLE, adjective [Latin solubilis, from solvo, to melt.] Susceptible of being dissolved in a fluid; capable of solution. Sugar is solube in water; salt is soluble only to a certain extent, that is, till water is saturated.
SOLU'TE, adjective [Latin solutus, solvo.]
1. In a general sense, loose; free; as a solute interpretation. [Not in use.]
2. In botany, loose; not adhering; opposed to adnate; as a solute stipule.
SOLU'TE, verb transitive To dissolve. [Not in use.]
SOLU'TION, noun [Latin solutio, from solvo, to loosen, melt, dissolve. See Solve.]
1. The act of separating the parts of any body; disruption; breach.
2. The operation or process of dissolving or melting in a fluid; as the solution of sugar or salt. [Note. This word is not used in chimistry or mineralogy for the dissolution or melting of bodies by the heat of fire.] The term solution is appiled to a very extensive class of phenomena. When a solid disappears in a liquid, if the compound exhibits perfect transparency, we have an example of solution The word is applied both to the act of combination and to the result of the process. Thus common salt disappears in water, that is its solution takes place, and the liquid obtain ed is called a solution of salt in water. solution is the result of attraction or affinity between. the fluid and the solid. This affinity continues to operate to a certain point, where it is overbalanced bly the cohesion of the solid; it then ceases the fluid issaid to be saturated, the point where the operation ceases is called saturation, and the fluid is called a saturated solution solution is a true chimical union. Mixture is a mere mechanicall union of bodies.
3. Resolution; explanation; the act of explaning or removing difficulty or doubt; as the solution of a doubt in casuistry.
4. Release; deliverance; discharge.
5. In algebra and geometry, the answering of a question, or the resolving of a problem proposed.
SOLUTION OF CONTINUITY, the separation of connection of connected substances or parts; applied, in surgery, to a fracture, laceration, etc.
SOL'UTIVE, adjective Tenging to dissolve; loosening; laxative.
SOLVABIL'ITY, noun Ability to pay all just debts.
SOLV'ABLE, adjective
1. That may be solved, resolved or explained.
2. That can be paid.
SOLVE, verb transitive solv. [Latin solvo.]
1. Properly, to loosen or separate the parts of any thing; hence, to explain; to resolve; to eclaircise; to unfold; to clear up; as what is obscure or difficult to be understood; as, to solve questions; to solve difficulties or a problem. When God shall solve the dark decrees of fate.
2. To remove; to dissipate; as, to solve doubts.
SOLV'ED, participle passive Explained; removed.
SOLV'ENCY, noun [Latin solvens.] Ability to pay all debts or just claims; as, the solvency of a merchant is undoubted. The credit of a nation's notes depends on a favorable opinion of its solvency
SOLVEND', noun A substance to be dissolved.
SOLV'ENT, adjective
1. Having the power of dissolving; as a solvent body.
2. Able to pay all just debts. The merchant is solvent
3. Sufficient to pay all just debts. The estate is solvent
SOLV'ENT, noun A fluid that dissolves any substance, is called the solvent
SOLV'IBLE, adjective Solvable, which see.
SOMAT'IC, SOMAT'ICAL, adjective Corporeal; pertaining to a body. [Not in use.]
SOMAT'IC, SOMAT'ICAL, adjective Corporeal; pertaining to a body. [Not in use.]
SO'MATIST, noun [supra.] One who admits the existence or corporeal or material beings only; one who denies the existence of spiritual substances.
SOMATOL'OGY, noun The doctrine of bodies or material substances.
SOMBER, SOMBRE, adjective Dull; dusky; cloudy; gloomy.
SOMBER, SOMBRE adjective Dull; dusky; cloudy; gloomy.
SOMBROUS, adjective Gloomy.
SOME, adjective sum.
1. Noting a certain quantity of a thing, but indeterminate; a portion greater or less. Give me some bread; drink some wine; bring some water.
2. Noting a number of persons or things, greater or less, but indeterminate. some theoretical writes allege that there was a time when there was no such thing as society.
3. Noting a person or thing, but not known, or not specific and definite. some person, I know not who, gave me the information. Enter the city, and some man will direct you to the house. Most gentlemen of property, as some period or other of their lives, are ambitious of representing their country in parliament.
4. It sometimes precedes a word of number or quantity, with the sense of about or near, noting want of certainty as to the specific number of amount, but something near it; as a village or some eighty houses; some two or three persons; some seventy miles distant; an object at some good distance.
5. some is often opposed to others. some men believe one thing, and others another.
6. some is often used without a noun, and then like other adjectives, is a substitute for a noun. We consumed some of our provisions, and the rest was given to the poor. some to the shores do fly, some to the woods. Your edicts some reclaim for sins, but most your life and blest example wins.
7. some is used as a termination of certain adjectives, as in handsome, mettlesome, blithesome, fullsome, lonesome, gladsome, gamesome. In these words, some has primarily the sense of little, or a certain degree; a little blithe or glad. But in usage, it rather indicates a considerable degree of the thing or quantity; as mettlesome, full of mettle or spirit; gladsome, very glad or joyous.
SOMEBODY, noun [some and body.]
1. A person unknown or uncertain; a person indeterminate. Jesus said, somebody hath touched me Luke 8:46. We must draw in somebody that may stand 'Twixt us and danger.
2. A person of consideration. Before these days rose up Theudas, boasting himself to be somebody Acts 5:36.
SOMEDEAL, adverb [some and deal.] In some degree.
SOMEHOW, adverb [some and how.] One way or other; on some way not yet known. The thing must have happened somehow or other.
SOM'ERSAULT, SOM'ERSET, noun [L super and salio, to leap.] A leap by which a person jumps from a highth, turns over his head and falls upon his feet.
SOM'ERSAULT, SOM'ERSET, noun [L super and salio, to leap.] A leap by which a person jumps from a highth, turns over his head and falls upon his feet.
SOMETHING, noun [some and thing.]
1. An indeterminate or unknown event. something must have happened to prevent the arrival of our friends at the time fixed. I shall call at two o'clock, unless something should prevent. [See Thing.]
2. A substance or material thing, unknown indeterminate or not specified. A machine stops because something obstructs its motion. There must be something to support a wall or an arch.
3. A part; a portion more or less. something yet of doubt remains. Still from his little he could something spare, to feed the hungry and to clothe the bare. something of it arises from our infant state.
4. A little; an indefinite quantity or degree. The man asked me a dollar, but I gave him something more.
5. Distance not great. It must be done tonight, and something from the palace.
6. something is used adverbially for in some degree; as, he was something discouraged; but the use in not elegant.
SOMETIME, adverb [some and time.]
1. Once; formerly. That fair and warlike form, in which the majesty of buried Denmark did sometime march.
2. At one time or other hereafter. [Sometime is really a compound noun, and at is understood before it; at some time.]
SOMETIMES, adverb [some and times.]
1. At times; at intervals; not always; not and then. We are sometimes indisposed, sometimes occupied, sometimes at leisure; that is, at some times. It is good that we be sometimes contradicted.
2. At one time; opposed to another time.
SOMEWHAT, noun [some and what.]
1. Something, though uncertain what.
2. More or less; a certain quantity or degree, indeterminate. These salts have somewhat of a nitrous taste.
3. A part, greater or less. somewhat of his good sense will suffer in this transfusion, and much of the beauty of his thoughts will be lost.
SOMEWHAT, adverb In some degree or quantity. This is somewhat more or less than was expected; he is somewhat aged; he is somewhat disappointed; somewhat disturbed.
SOMEWHERE, adverb [some and where.] In some place, unknown or not specified; in one place or another. He lives somewhere in obscurity. Dryden somewhere says peace to the manes of the dead.
SOMEWHILE, adverb [some and while.] Once; for a time.
SOMEWHITER, adverb To some indeterminate place.
SOM'MITE, noun Nepheline; a mineral which occurs in small crystals and crystaline grains in the lava of mount Somma on Vesuvius.
SOMNAMBULA'TION, noun [Latin somnus, sleep, and ambulo, to walk.] The act of walking in sleep.
SOMNAM'BULIST, noun A person who walks in his sleep.
SOMNER, for summoner. [Not in use.]
SOMNIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin somnifer; somnus, sleep, and fero, to bring.] Causing or inducing sleep; soporiferous; narcotic; as a somniferous potion.
SOMNIF'IC, adjective [Latin somnus, sleep, and facio, to make.] Causing sleep; tending to induce sleep.
SOM'NOLENCE, SOM'NOLENCY, noun [Low Latin somnolentia; for somnus, sleep.] Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.
SOM'NOLENCE, SOM'NOLENCY, noun [Low Latin somnolentia; for somnus, sleep.] Sleepiness; drowsiness; inclination to sleep.
SOM'NOLENT, adjective Sleepy; drowsy; inclined to sleep.
SON, noun
1. A male child; the male issue of a parent, father or mother. Jacob had twelve sons. Ishmael was the son of Hagar by Abraham.
2. A male descendant, however distant; hence in the plural, sons signifies descendants in general, a sense much used in the Scriptures. The whole human race are styled sons of Adam.
3. The compellation of an old man to a young one, or of a confessor to his penitent; a term of affection. Eli called Samuel his son Be plain, good son and home; y in thy drift.
4. A native or inhabitant of a country; as the sons of Britain. Let our country never be ashamed of her sons.
5. The produce of any thing. Earth's tall sons, the cedar, oak and pine. [Note. The primary sense of child is produce, issue; a shoot.]
6. One adopted into a family. Moses was the son of Pharaoh's daughter. Exodus 2:2.
7. One who is converted by another's instrumentality, is called his son; also, one educated by another; as the sons of the prophets.
8. Christ is called the son of God, as being conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit, or in consequence of his relation to the Father.
9. son of pride, sons of light, son of Belial. These are Hebraisms, which denote that persons possess the qualities of pride, of light, or of Belial, as children inherit the qualities of their ancestors.
SON'ATA, noun A tune intended for an instrument only, as cantata is for the voice.
SONG, noun
1. In general, that which is sung or uttered with musical modulations of the voice, whether of the human voice or that of a bird.
2. A little poem to be sung, or uttered with musical modulations; a ballad. The songs of a country are characteristic of its manners. Every country has its love songs, its war songs, and its patriotic songs.
3. A hymn; a sacred poem or hymn to be sung either in joy or thanksgiving, as that sung by Moses and the Israelites after escaping the dangers of the Arabian gulf and of Pharaoh; or of lamentation, as that of David over the death of Saul and Jonathan. Songs of joy are represented as constituting a part of heavenly felicity.
4. A lay; a strain; a poem. The bard that first adorn'd our native tongue, tun'd to his British lyre this ancient song
5. Poetry; poesy; verse. This subject for heroic song pleas'd me.
6. Notes of birds. [See Def. 1.]
7. A mere trifle. The soldier's pay is a song Old song a trifle. I do not intend to be thus put off with an old song
SONG'ISH, adjective Consisting of songs. [Low and Not in use.]
SONG'STER, noun
1. One that sings; one skilled in singing; not often applied to human beings, or only in slight contempt.
2. A bird that sings; as the little songster in his cage. [In this use, the word is elegant.]
SONG'STRESS, noun A female singer.
SON'NET, noun
1. A short poem of fourteen lines, two stanzas of four verses each and two of three each, the chymes being adjusted by a particular rule.
2. A short poem. I have a sonnet that will serve the turn.
SON'NET, verb intransitive To compose sonnets.
SONNETEE'R, noun A composer of sonnets or small poems; a small poet; usually in contempt.
SONOM'ETER, noun [Latin sonus, sound, and fero, to measure.] An instrument for measuring sounds or the intervals of sounds.
SONORIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin sonus, sound and fero, to bring.] That gives sound; sounding; as the sonoriferous particles of bodies.
SONORIF'IC, adjective [Latin sonus, sound and fecio, to make.] Producing sound; as the sonorific quality of a body.
SONO'ROUS, adjective [Latin sonorus, from sonus, sound.]
1. Giving sound when struck. Metals are sonorous bodies.
2. Loud sounding; giving a clear or loud sound; as a sonorous voice.
3. Yielding sound; as, the vowels are sonorous
4. High sounding; magnificent of sound. The Italian opera, amidst all the meanness and familiarity of the thoughts, has something beautiful and sonorous in the expression.
SONO'ROUSLY, adverb With sound; with a high sound.
SONO'ROUSNESS, noun
1. The quality of yielding sound when struck or coming in collision with another body; as the sonorousness of metals.
2. Having or giving a loud or clear sound; as the sonorousness of a voice or an instrument.
3. Magnificence of sound.
SONSHIP, noun [from son.]
1. The state of being a son, or of having the relation of a son.
2. Filiation; the character of a son.
SOON, adverb
1. In a short time; shortly after any time specified or supposed; as soon after sunrise; soon after dinner; I shall soon return; we shall soon have clear weather.
2. Early; without the usual delay; before any time supposed. How is it that ye have come so soon to-day? Exodus 2:18.
3. Readily; willingly. But in this sense it accompanies would, or some other word expressing will. I would as soon see a river winding among woods or in meadows, as when it is tossed up in so many whimsical figures at Versailles.
AS soon AS, SO soon AS, immediately at or after another event. As soon as the mail arrives, I will inform you. As soon as Moses came nigh to the camp, he saw the calf and the dancing. Exodus 32:19.
SOON, adjective Speedy; quick. [Not in use.]
SOONLY, adverb quickly; speedily. [Not in use.]
SOOSHONG', SOUCHONG', noun A kind of black tea.
SOO'SOO, noun Among the Bengalese, the mane of a cetaceous fish, the Delphinus Gangeticus.
SOOT, noun A black substance formed by combustion, or disengaged from fuel in the process of combustion, rising in fine particles and adhering to the sides of the chimney or pipe conveying the smoke. soot consists of oil, carbon and other substances. The soot of burnt pine forms lampblack.
SOOT, verb transitive To cover or foul with soot
SOOT'ED, participle passive Covered or soiled with soot.
SOOT'ERKIN, noun A kind of false birth fabled to be produced by the Dutch women from sitting over their stoves.
SOOTH, noun
1. Truth; reality.
2. Prognostication.
3. Sweetness; kindness.
SOOTH, adjective
1. Pleasing; delightful.
2. True; faithful.
SOOTHE, verb transitive [The sense of setting, allaying of softening, would give that of truth, and of sweet, that is, smooth.]
1. To flatter; to please with blandishments or soft words. Can I soothe tyranny? I've tried the force of every reason on him. Sooth'd and caress'd, been angry, sooth'd again
2. To soften; to assuage; to mollify; to calm; as, to soothe one in pain or passion; or to soothe pain. It is applied both to persons and things.
3. To gratify; to please. Sooth'd with his future fame.
SOOTH'ED, participle passive Flattered; softened; calmed; pleased.
SOOTH'ER, noun A flatterer; he or that which softens or assuages.
SOOTH'ING, participle present tense Flattering; softening; assuaging.
SOOTH'INGLY, adverb With flattery or soft words.
SOOTH'LY, adverb In truth; really.
SOOTH'SAY, verb intransitive [sooth and say.] To foretell; to predict. Acts 16:1. [Little used.]
SOOTH'SAYER, noun A foreteller; a prognosticator; one who undertakes to foretell future events without inspiration.
SOOTH'SAYING, noun The foretelling of future events by persons without divine aid or authority, and thus distinguished form prophecy.
SOOT'INESS, noun [from sooty.] The quality of being sooty or foul with soot; fuliginousness.
SOOT'ISH, adjective Partaking of soot; like soot.
SOOT'Y, adjective
1. Producing soot; as sooty coal.
2. Consisting of soot; fuliginons; as sooty matter.
3. Foul with soot.
4. Black like soot; dusky; dark; as the sooty flag of Acheron.
SOOT'Y, verb transitive To black or foul with soot. [Not authorized.]
SOP, noun
1. Anything steeped or dipped and softened in liquor, but chiefly something thus dipped in broth or liquid food, and intended to be eaten. Sops in win, quantity for quantity, inebriate more than win itself.
2. Any thing given to pacify; so called from the sop given to Cerberus, in mythology. Hence the phrase, to give a sop to Cerberus.
SOPE, [See Soap.]
SOPH, noun [Latin sophista.] In colleges and universities, a student in his second year; a sophomore.
SO'PHI, noun A title of the king of Persia.
SOPH'ICAL, adjective Teaching wisdom. [Not in use.]
SOPH'ISM, noun [Latin sophisma.] A specious but fallacious argument; asubtilty in reasoning; an argument that is not supported by sound reasoning , or in which the inference is not justly deduced from the premises. When a false argument puts on the appearance of a true one, then it is properly called a sophism or fallacy.
SOPH'IST, noun [Latin sophista.]
1. A professor of philosophy; as the sophists of Greece.
2. A captious or fallacious reasoner.
SOPH'ISTER, noun [supra.]
1. A disputant fallaciously subtil; an artful but insidious logician; as an atheistical sophister Not all the subtil objection of sophisters and rabbies against the gospel, so much prejudiced the reception of it, as the reproach of those crimes with which they aspersed the assemblies of Christians.
2. A professor of philosophy; a sophist.
SOPH'ISTER, verb transitive To maintain by a fallacious argument. [Not in use.]
SOPHIST'IC, SOPHIST'ICAL, adjective Fallaciously subtil; not sound; as sophistical reasoning or argument.
SOPHIST'IC, SOPHIST'ICAL, adjective Fallaciously subtil; not sound; as SOPHISTICAL reasoning or argument.
SOPHIST'ICALLY, adverb With fallacious subtilty.
SOPHIST'ICATE, verb transitive
1. To adulterate; to corrupt by something spurious or foreign; to pervert; as, to sophisticate nature, philosophy or the understanding.
2. To adulterate; to render spurious; as merchandise; as, to sophisticate wares or liquors. They purchase but sophisticated ware.
SOPHIST'ICATE, adjective Adulterated; not pure; not genuine. So truth, when only one supplied the state, grew scarce and dear, and hey sophisticate
SOPHISTICA'TION, noun The act of adulterating; a counterfeiting or debasing the purity of some thing be a foreign admixture; adulteration.
SOPHIST'ICATOR, noun One that adulterates; one who injures the purity and genuineness of any thing by foreign admixture.
SOPH'ISTRY, noun
1. Fallacious reasoning; reasoning sound in appearance only. These men have obscured and confounded the nature of things by their false principles and wretched sophistry
2. Exercise in logic.
SOPH'OMORE, noun [See Soph.] A student in a college or university, in his second year.
SO'PITE, verb transitive To lay asleep. [Not in use.]
SOPI'TION, noun [Latin sopio, to lay asleep.] Sleep. [Not in use.]
SOP'ORATE, verb transitive [Latin soporo.] To lay asleep. [Not in use.]
SOPORIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin soporifer; sopor, asleep, and fero, to bring; from sopio, to lull to sleep.] Causing sleep, or tending to produce it; narcotic; opiate; anodyne; somniferous. The poppy pssesses soporiferous qualities.
SOPORIF'EROUSNESS, noun The quality of causing sleep.
SOPORIF'IC, adjective [Latin sopor, sleep, and facio, to make.] Causing sleep; tending to cause sleep; narcotic; as the soporific virtues of opium.
SOPORIF'IC, noun A medicine, drug, plant or other thing that has the quality of inducing sleep.
SO'POROUS, adjective [Latin soporus, from sopor, sleep.] Causing sleep; sleepy.
SOP'PED, participle passive [from sop.] Dipped in liquid food.
SOP'PER, noun [from sop.] One that sops or dips in liquor some thing to be eaten.
SOR'ABLY, adverb Suitably; fitly.
SORB, noun [Latin sorbum, sorbus.] The service tree or its fruit .
SOR'BATE, noun A compound of sorbic acid with a base.
SORB'ENT. [See absorbent.]
SORB'IC, adjective Pertaining to the sorbus or service tree; as sorbic acid.
SORB'ILE, adjective [Latin sorbeo.] That may be drank or sipped. [Not in use.]
SORBI'TION, noun [Latin sorbitio.] The act or drinking or sipped. [Not in use.]
SORBON'ICAL, adjective Belonging to a sorbonist.
SOR'BONIST, noun A doctor of the Sorbonne in the university of Paris. Sorbonne is the place of meeting, and hence is used for the whole faculty of theology.
SOR'CERER, [Latin sors, lot.] A conjurer; an enchanter; a magician. The Egyptian sorcerers contended with Moses.
SOR'CERESS, noun A female magician or enchantress.
SOR'CEROUS, adjective Containing enchantments.
SOR'CERY, noun Magic; enchantment; witchcraft; divination be the assistance of evil spirits, or the power of commanding evil spirits. Adder's wisdom I have learn'd to fence my ears against the sorceries.
SORD, for sward, is not vulgar. [See Sward.]
SORD'AWALITE, noun A mineral so named from Sordawald, in Wibourg. It is nearly black, rarely gray or green.
SOR'DES, noun [Latin] Foul matter; excretions; dregs; filthy, useless or rejected matter of any kind.
SOR'DET, SOR'DINE, noun [Latin surdus, deaf.] A little pipe in the mouth of a trumpet to make it sound lower or shriller.
SOR'DID, adjective [Latin sordidus, form sordes, filth.]
1. Filthy; foul; dirty; gross. There Charon stands a sordid god. [This literal sense is nearly obsolete.]
2. Vile; base; mean; as vulgar, sordid mortals.
3. Meanly avaricious; covetous; niggardly. He may be old and yet not sordid who refuses gold.
SOR'DIDLY, adverb Meanly; basely; covetously.
SOR'DIDNESS, noun
1. Filthiness; dirtiness.
2. Meanness; baseness; as the execrable sordidness of the delights of Tiberius.
3. Niggardliness.
SOR'DET, SOR'DINE, noun [Latin surdus, deaf.] A little pipe in the mouth of a trumpet to make it sound lower or shriller.
SORE, noun
1. A place in an animal body where the skin and flesh are ruptured or bruised, so as to be pained with the slightest pressure.
2. An ulcer; a boil.
3. In Scriptures, grief; affliction. 2 Chronicles 6:28.
SORE, adjective
1. Tender and susceptible of pain from pressure; as, a boil, ulcer or abscess is very sore; a wounded place is sore; inflammation renders a part sore
2. Tender, as the mind; easily pained, grieved or vexed; very susceptible of irritation from any thing that crosses the inclination. Malice and hatred are very fretting, and apt to make our minds sore and uneasy.
3. Affected with inflammation; as sore eyes.
4. Violent with pain; severe; afflictive; distressing; as a sore disease; sore evil or calamity; a sore night.
5. Severe; violent; as a sore conflict.
6. Criminal; evil.
SORE, adverb
1. With painful violence; intensely; severely; grievously. They hand presseth me sore
2. Greatly; violently; deeply. He was sorely afflicted at the loss of his son. sore sigh'd the knight, who this long sermon heard.
SORE, verb transitive To wound; to make sore
SORE, noun A hawk of the first year.
SOREHON, SORN, noun A kind of servile tenure which subjected the tenant to maintain his chieftain gratuitously, whenever he wished to indulge himself in a debauch. So that when a person obtrudes himself on another for bed and board, he is said to sorn, or be a sorner.
SOR'EL, noun [dim. of sore.] A buck of the third year.
SO'RELY, adverb [from sore.]
1. With violent pain and distress; grievously; greatly; as, to be sorely pained or afflicted.
2. Greatly; violently; severely; as, to be sorely pressed with want; to be sorely wounded.
SO'RENESS, noun [from sore.]
1. The tenderness of any part of an animal body, which renders it extremely susceptible of pain from pressure; as the soreness of a boil, an abscess or wound.
2. Figuratively, tenderness of mind, or susceptibility of mental pain.
SOR'GO, noun A plant of the genus Holcus.
SORI'TES, noun In logic, an argument where one proposition is accumulated on another. Thus, all men of revenge have their souls often uneasy. Uneasy souls are a plague to themselves. Now to be one's own plague is folly in the extreme.
SOREHON, SORN noun A kind of servile tenure which subjected the tenant to maintain his chieftain gratuitously, whenever he wished to indulge himself in a debauch. So that when a person obtrudes himself on another for bed and board, he is said to SORN or be a sorner.
SOROR'ICIDE, noun [Latin soror, sister, and cado, to strike, to kill.] The murder or murderer of a sister. [Little used, and obviously because the crime is very infrequent.
SOR'RAGE, noun The blades of green wheat or barley. [Not used.]
SOR'RANCE, noun In farriery, any disease or sore in horses.
SOR'REL, adjective Of a reddish color; as a sorel horse.
SOR'REL, noun A reddish color; a faint red.
SOR'REL, noun A plant of the genus Rumex, so named from its acid taste. The wood sorrel is of the genus Oxalis. The Indian red and Indian white sorrels are of the genus Hibiscus.
SOR'RILY, adverb [from sorry.] Meanly; despicably; pitiably; in a wretched manner. Thy pipe, O Pan, shall help though I sing sorrily
SOR'RINESS, noun Meanness; poorness; despicableness.
SOR'ROW, noun The uneasiness or pain of mind which is produced by the loss of any good. or of frustrated hopes of good, or expected loss of happiness; to grieve; to be sad. I rejoice not that ye were made sorry, but the ye sorrowed to repentance. I Cor. 7. Sorrowing most of all for the words which be spoke, that they should see his face no more. Acts 20:1.
SOR'ROWED, participle passive Accompanied with sorrow. [Not in use.]
SOR'ROWFUL, adjective
1. Sad; grieving for the loss of some good, or on account of some expected evil.
2. Deeply serious; depressed; dejected. I Sam. 1.
3. Producing sorrow; exciting grief; mournful; as a sorrowful accident.
4. Expressing grief; accompanied with grief; as sorrowful meat. Job 6:7.
SOR'ROWFULLY, adverb In a sorrowful manner; in a manner to produce grief.
SOR'ROWFULNESS, noun State of being sorrowful; grief.
SOR'ROWING, participle present tense Feeling sorrow, grief or regret.
SOR'ROWING, noun Expression of sorrow.
SOR'ROWLESS, adjective Free from sorrow.
SOR'RY, adjective
1. Grieved for the loss of some good; pained for some evil that has happened to one's self or friends or country. It does not ordinarily imply severe grief, but rather slight or transient regret. It may be however, and often is used to express deep grief. We are sorry to lose the company of those we love; we are sorry to lose friends or property; we are sorry for the misfortunes of our friends or of out country. And the king was sorry Matthew 14:9.
2. Melancholy; dismal.
3. Poor; mean; vile; worthless; as a sorry slave; a sorry excuse. Coarse complexions, and cheeks of sorry grain-
SORT, noun [Latin sors, lot, chance, state, way, sort This word is form the root of Latin sortior; the radical sense of which is to start or shoot, to throw or to fall, to come suddenly. Hence sore is lot, chance, that which comes or falls. This sense of sort is probably derivative, signifying that which is thrown out, separated or selected.]
1. A kind or species; any number or collection of individual persons or thing characterized by the same or like qualities; as a sort of men; a sort of horses; a sort of trees; a sort of poems or writings. sort is not a technical word, and therefore is used with less precision or more latitude than genus or species in the sciences.
2. Manner; form of being or acting. Flowers, in such sort worn, can neither be smelt not seen well by those that wear them. To Adam in what sort shall I appear?
3. Class or order; as men of the wiser sort or the better sort; all sorts of people. [See Def. 1.]
4. Rank; condition above the vulgar. [Not in use.]
5. A company or knot of people. [Not in use.]
6. Degree of any quality. I shall not be wholly without praise, if in some sort I have copied his style.
7. Lot.
8. A pair; a set; a suit.
SORT, verb transitive
1. To separate, as things having like qualities from other things, and place them in distinct classes or divisions; as, to sort cloths according to their colors; to sort wool or thread according to its fineness. Shell fish have been, be some of the ancients, compared and sorted with insects. Rays which differ in refrangibility may be parted and sorted from one another.
2. To reduce to order from a state of confusion. [See supra.]
3. To conjoin; to put together in distribution. The swain perceiving by her word ill sorted, that she was wholly from herself transported-
4. To cull; to choose from a number; to select. That he may sort her out a worthy spouse.
SORT, verb intransitive
1. To be joined with others of the same species. Nor do metals only sort with metals in the earth, and minerals with minerals.
2. To consort; to associate. The illiberality of parents towards children, makes them base and sort with any company.
3. To suit; to fit. They are happy whose natures sort with their vocations.
4. To terminate; to issue; to have success. [Not in use.]
5. To fall out. [Not in use.]
SORT'ABLE, adjective
1. That may be sorted.
2. Suitable; befitting.
SORT'AL, adjective Pertaining to or designating a sort. [Not in use.]
SORT'ANCE, noun Suitableness; agreement. [Not in use.]
SORT'ILEGE, noun [Latin sortilegium; sors, lot, and lego, to select.] The act or practice of drawing lots. [Sortilegy is not used.]
SORTILEGIOUS, adjective Pertaining to sortilege.
SORTI'TION, [Latin sortitio.] Selection or appointment by lot.
SORT'MENT, noun
1. The act of sorting; distribution into classes of kinds.
2. A parcel sorted. [This word is superseded by assortment, which see.]
SORY, noun A fossil substance, firm, but of a spungy, cavernous structure, rugged on the surface, and containing blue vitriol; a sulphate of iron.
SOSS, verb intransitive [This word is probably connected with the Armoric souez, surprise, the primary sense of which is to fall. See Souse.] To fall at once into a chair or seat; to sit lazily. [Not in use.]
SOT, noun
1. A stupid person; a blockhead; a dull fellow; a dolt.
2. A person stupefied by excessive drinking; an habitual drunkard. What can ennoble sots?
SOT, verb transitive To stupefy; to infatuate; to besot. I hat to see a brave bold bellow sotted. [Not much used.] [See Besot.]
SOT, verb intransitive To tipple to stupidity. [Little used.]
SOTHERNWOOD, noun suth'ernwood, A plant agreeing in most parts with the wormwood. The southernwood is the Artemisia abrotanum, a different species form the wormwood.
SOT'TISH, adjective
1. Dull; stupid; senseless; doltish; very foolish. How ignorant are sottish pretenders to astrology!
2. Dull with intemperance.
SOT'TISHLY, adverb Stupidly; senselessly; without reason.
SOT'TISHNESS, noun
1. Dullness in the exercise reason; stupidity. Few consider into what a degree of sottishness and confirmed ignorance men may sin themselves.
2. Stupidity from intoxication.
SOU, noun plural sous. A French money of account, and a copper coin, in value the 20th part of a livre or of a franc.
SOOSHONG', SOUCHONG', noun A kind of black tea.
SOUGH, noun suf. A subterraneous drain; a sewer. [Not in use.]
SOUGHT, pret and participle passive of seek, pron, sawt. I am found of them who sought me not. Isaiah 65:1.
SOUL, noun
1. The spiritual, rational and immortal substance in man, which distinguishes him from brutes; that part of man which enables him to think and reason, and which renders him a subject of moral government. The immortality of the soul is a fundamental article of the christian system. Such is the nature of the human soul that it must have a God, an object of supreme affection.
2. The understanding; the intellectual principle. The eyes of our soul then only begin to see, when our bodily eye are closing.
3. Vital principle. Thou son, of this great world both eye and soul
4. Spirit; essence; chief part; as charity, the soul of all the virtues. Emotion is the soul of eloquence.
5. Life; animation principle or part; as, an able commander is the soul of an army.
6. Internal power. There is some soul of goodness in things evil.
7. A human being; a person. There was no a soul present. In Paris there are more than seven hundred thousand souls. London, Westminster, Southwark and the suburbs, are said to contain twelve hundred thousand souls.
8. Animal life. To deliver their soil from death, and to keep them alive in famine. Psalms 33:7.
9. Active power. And heaven would fly before the driving soul
10. Spirit; courage; fire; grandeur of mind. That he wants caution he must needs confess, but not a soul to give our arms success.
11. Generosity; nobleness of mind; a colloquial use.
12. An intelligent being. Every soul in heav'n shall bend the knee.
13. Heart; affection. The soul of Jonathan was knit with the soul of David. I Sam. 18.
14. In Scripture, appetite; as the full soul; the hungry soul Proverbs 27:7. Job 33:18.
15. A familiar compellation of a person, but often expressing some qualities of the mind; as alas, poor soul; he was a good soul
SOUL, verb transitive To endure with a soul [Not in use.]
SOUL, SOWL, verb intransitive To afford suitable sustenance. [Not in use.]
SOULED, adjective Furnished with a soul or mind; as Grecian chiefs largely souled [Little used.]
SOUL'LESS, adjective Without a soul, or without greatness or nobleness of mind; mean; spiritless. Slave, soulless villain.
SOUND, adjective [Latin sanus.]
1. Entire; unbroken; not shaky, split or defective; as sound timber.
2. Undecayed; whole; perfect, or not defective; as sound fruit; a sound apple or melon.
3. Unbroken; not bruised or defective; not lacerated or decayed; as a sound limb.
4. Not carious; not decaying; as a sound tooth.
5. Not broken or decayed; not defective; as a sound ship.
6. Whole; entire; unhurt; unmutilated; as a sound body.
7. Healthy; not diseased; not being in a morbid state; having all the organs complete and in perfect action; as a sound body; sound health; a sound constitution; a sound man; a sound horse.
8. Founded in truth; firm; strong; valid; solid; that cannot be overthrown or refuted; as sound reasoning; a sound argument; a sound objection; sound doctrine; sound principles.
9. Right; correct; well founded; free form error; orthodox. II Tim 1. Let my heart be sound in thy statutes. Psalms 119:80.
10. Heavy; laid on with force; as sound strokes; a sound beating.
11. Founded in right and law; legal; valid; not defective; that cannot be overthrown; as a sound title to land; sound justice.
12. Fast; profound; undisturbed; as sound sleep.
13. Perfect, as intellect; not broken or defective; not enfeebled by age or accident; not wild or wandering; not deranged; as a sound mind; a sound understanding or reason.
SOUND, adverb Soundly; heartily. So sound he slept that nought might him awake.
SOUND, noun The air bladder of a fish.
SOUND, noun [Latin natatio. can this name be given to a narrow sea because wild beasts were accustomed to pass it by swimming, like Bosporus; or is the word from the root of sound whole, denoting a stretch, or narrowness, from stretching, like straight?] A narrow passage of water, or a strait between the main land and an isle; or a strait connecting two seas, or connecting a sea or lake with the ocean; as the sound which connect the Baltic with the ocean, between Denmark and Sweden; the sound that separates Long Island from the main land of New York and Connecticut.
SOUND, noun [See the following verb.] An instrument which surgeons introduce into the bladder, in order to discover whether there is a stone in the viscus or not.
SOUND, verb transitive [Latin sonus, Eng. sound the primary sense of which is to stretch or reach.]
1. To try, as the depth of water and the quality of the ground, by sinking a plummet or lead, attached to a line on which are marked the number of fathoms. The lower end of the lead is covered with tallow, by means of which some portion of the earth, sand, gravel, shells, etc. of the bottom, adhere to it and are drawn up. By these means, and the depth of water and the nature of the bottom, which are carefully marked on good charts, seamen may know how far a ship is from land in the night or in thick weather, and in many cases when the land is too remote to be visible.
2. To introduce a sound into the bladder of a patient, in order to ascertain whether a stone is there or not. When a patient is to be sounded-
3. To try; to examine; to discover or endeavor to discover that which lies concealed in another's breast; to search out the intention, opinion, will or desires. I was in jest, and by that offer meant to sound your breast. I've sounded my Numidians man by man.
SOUND, verb intransitive To use the line and lead in searching the depth of water. The shipmen sounded, and found it twenty fathoms. Acts 28:1.
SOUND, noun The cuttle fish.
SOUND, noun [Latin sonus, from sonom to sound sing, rattle, beat, etc. This may be a dialectical variation of Latin tonus, tono, which seems to be allied to Latin teneo.]
1. Noise; report; the object of hearing; that which strikes the ear; or more philosophically, an impression of the effect of an impression made on the organs of hearing by an impulse or vibration of the air, caused by a collision of bodies or by other means; as the sound of a trumpet or drum; the sound of a human voice; a horrid sound; a charming sound; a sharp sound; a high sound
2. A vibration of air caused by a collision of bodies or other means, sufficient to affect the auditory nerves when perfect. Some persons are so entirely dear that they cannot hear the loudest sounds. Audible sounds are such as are perceptible by the organs of hearing. Sounds not audible to men, may be audible to animals of more sensible organs.
3. Noise without signification; empty noise; noise and nothing else. It is the sense and not the sound that must be the principle.
SOUND, verb intransitive
1. To make a noise; to utter a voice; to make an impulse of the air that shall strike the organs of hearing with a particular effect. We say, an instrument sounds well or ill; it sound shrill; the voice sound harsh. And first taught speaking trumpet how to sound
2. To exhibit by sound or likeness of sound This relation sounds rather like a fiction that a truth.
3. To be conveyed in sound; to be spread or published. From you sounded out the word of the Lord. I Thess. 1.
TO sound IN DANGER, in law. is when there is not specific value of property in demand to serve as a rule of damages, as in actions of tort or trespass, as distinguished from actions of debt, _ c.
SOUND, verb transitive
1. To cause to make a noise; as, to sound a trumpet or a horn.
2. To utter audibly; as, to sound a note with the voice.
3. To play on; as, to sound an instrument.
4. To order or direct by a sound; as, to sound a retreat.
5. To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause to reported; as, to sound one's praise.
6. To celebrate or honor by sounds; to cause to be reported; as, to sound one's praise.
SOUND'ED, participle passive
1. Caused to make a noise; uttered audibly.
2. Explored; examined.
SOUND'ING, participle present tense
1. Causing to sound; uttering audibly.
2. Trying the depth of water by the plummet; examining the intention or will.
3. adjective Sonorous; making a noise.
4. Having a magnificent sound; as words more sounding or significant.
SOUND'ING, noun
1. The act of uttering noise; the act or endeavoring to discover the opinion or desires; the act of throwing the lead.
2. In surgery, the operation of introducing the sound into the bladder; called searching for the stone.
SOUND'INGS, noun Any place or part of the ocean, where a deep sounding line will reach the bottom; also, the kind of ground or bottom where the lead reaches.
SOUND'LESS, adjective That cannot be fathomed; having no sound.
SOUND'LY, adverb [from sound, entire.]
1. Healthily; heartily.
2. Severely; lustily; with heavy blows; smartly; as, to beat one soundly
3. Truly; without fallacy or error; as, to judge or reason soundly
4. Firmly; as a doctrine soundly settled.
5. Fast; closely; so as not to be easily awakened; as, to sleep soundly
SOUND'NESS, noun
1. Wholeness; entireness; an unbroken, unimpaired or undecayed state; as the soundness of timber, of fruit, of the teeth, of a limb, etc.
2. An unimpaired state of an animal or vegetable body; a state in which the organs are entire and regularly perform their functions. We say, the soundness of the body, the soundness of the constitution, the soundness of health.
3. Firmness; strength; solidity; truth; as soundness of reasoning or argument, of doctrine or principles.
4. Truth; rectitude; firmness; freedom from error or fallacy; orthodoxy; as soundness of faith.
SOUP, noun [See Sup and Sop.] Broth; a decoction of flesh for food.
SOUP, verb transitive To sup; to breathe out. [Not in use.]
SOUP, verb transitive To sweep. [Not in use.] [See Sweep and swoop.]
SOUR, adjective
1. Acid; having a pungent taste; sharp to the taste; tart; as, vinegar is sour; sour cider; sour beer.
2. Acid and austere or astringent; as, sunripe fruits are often sour
3. Harsh of temper; crabbed; peevish; austere; morose; as a man of a sour temper.
4. Afflictive; as sour adversities. [Not in use.]
5. Expressing discontent or peevishness. He never uttered a sour word. The lord treasurer often looked on me with a sour countenance.
6. Harsh to the feelings; cold and damp; as sour weather.
7. Rancid; musty.
8. Turned, as milk; coagulated.
SOUR, noun An acid substance.
SOUR, verb transitive
1. To make acid; to cause to have a sharp taste. So the sun's heat, with different pow'rs, ripens the grape, the liquor sours.
2. To make harsh, cold or unkindly. Tufts of grass sour land.
3. To make harsh in temper; to make cross, crabbed, peevish or discontented. Misfortunes often sour'd, nor wrath debas'd my heart.
4. To make uneasy or less agreeable. Hail, great king! To sour your happiness I must report the queen is dead.
5. In rural economy, to macerate, as lime, and render fir for plaster or mortar.
SOUR, verb intransitive
1. To become acid; to acquire the quality of tartness or pungency to the taste. Cider sours rapidly in the rays of the sun. When food sours in the stomach, it is evidence of imperfect digestion.
2. TO become peevish or crabbed. They hinder the hatred of vice from souring into severity.
SOURCE, noun [Latin surgo.]
1. Properly, the spring or fountain from which a stream of water proceeds, or any collection of water within the earth or upon its surface, in which a stream originates. This is called also the head of the stream. We call the water of a spring, where it issues from the earth, the source of the stream or rivulet proceeding form it. We say also that springs have their sources in subterranean ponds, lakes or collections of water. We say also that a large river has is source in a lake. For example, the St. Lawrence has its source in the great lakes of America.
2. First cause; original; that which gives rise to any thing. Thus ambition, the love of power and of fame, have been the sources of half the calamities of nations. Intemperance is the source of innumerable evils to individuals.
3. The first producer; he or that which originates; as Greece the source of arts.
SOURDET, noun The little pipe of a trumpet.
SOUR'-DOCK, noun Sorrel, so called.
SOUR'ED, participle passive Made sour; made peevish.
SOUR'-GOURD, noun A plant of the genus Adansonia.
SOUR'ING, participle present tense Making acid; becoming sour; making peevish.
SOUR'ING, noun That which makes acid.
SOUR'ISH, adjective Somewhat sour; moderately acid; as sourish fruit; a sourish taste.
SOUR'LY, adverb
1. With acidity.
2. With peevishness; with acrimony. The stern Athenian prince the sourly smil'd.
3. Discontentedly.
SOUR'NESS, noun
1. Acidity; sharpness to the taste; tartness; as the sourness of vinegar or of fruit. sourness being one of those simple ideas which one cannot describe.
2. Asperity; harshness of temper. Take care that no sourness and moroseness mingle with our seriousness of mind.
SOUR'-SOP, noun A plant, the annona muricata. The custard apple.
SOUS, noun plural of sou or sol. [See Sou.]
SOUSE, noun
1. Pickle made with salt.
2. Something kept or steeped on pickle.
3. The ears, feet, etc. of swine. [America.]
SOUSE, verb transitive
1. To steep in pickle. But souse the cabbage with a bounteous heart.
2. To plunge into water. They soused me into the Thames, with as little remorse as they drown blind puppies.
SOUSE, verb intransitive [See Soss. This word is probably the same as the preceding, to plunge, to dip; I believe from the Armoric.] To fall suddenly on; to rush with speed; as a hawk on its prey. Jove's bird will souse upon the tim'rous hare.
SOUSE, verb transitive To strike with sudden violence.
SOUSE, adverb With sudden violence. [This word is low and vulgar.]
SOUTER, noun [Latin sutor.] A shoemaker; a cobler. [Not in use.]
SOUTERLY, adverb Like a cobler. [Not in use.]
SOUTERRAIN, noun A grotto or cavern under ground. [Not English.]
SOUTH, noun
1. The north and south are opposite points in the horizon; each ninety degrees or the quarter of a great circle distant from the east and west. A man standing with his face towards the east or rising sun, has the south on his right hand. The meridian of every place is a great circle passing through the north and south points. Strictly, south is the horizontal point in the meridian of a place, on the right hand of a person standing with his face towards the east. But the word is applied to any point in the meridian, between the horizon and the zenith.
2. In a less exact sense, any point or place on the earth or in the heavens, which is near the meridian towards the right hand as one faces the east.
3. A southern region, country or place; as the queen of the south in Scriptures. So in Europe, the people of Spain and Italy are spoken of as living in the south In the United States, we speak of the states of the south and of the north.
4. The wind that blows from the north. [Not used.]
SOUTH, adjective
1. In any place north of the tropic of Cancer, pertaining to or lying in the meridian towards the sun; as a south wind.
2. Being in a southern direction; as the south sea.
SOUTH, adverb Towards the south A ship sails south; the wind blows south
SOUTHE'AST, noun The point of the compass equally distant from the south and east.
SOUTHE'AST, adjective In the direction of southeast or coming from the southeast; s a southeast wind.
SOUTHE'ASTERN, adjective Towards the southeast.
SOUTHERLY, adjective suth'erly.
1. Lying at the south, or in a direction nearly south; as a southerly point.
2. Coming from the south or a point nearly south; as a southerly wind.
SOUTHERN, adjective suth'ern.
1. Belonging to the south; meridional; as the southern hemisphere.
2. Lying towards the south; as a southern country or climate.
3. Coming form the south; as a southern breeze.
SOUTHERNLY, adjective suth'ernly. Towards the south.
SOUTHERNMOST, adjective suth'ernmost. Furthest towards the south.
SOUTH'ING, adjective Going towards the south; as the southing sun.
SOUTH'ING, noun
1. Tendency or motion to the south.
2. The southing of the moon, the time at which the moon passes the meridian.
3. Course or distance south; as a ship's southing
SOUTH'MOST, adjective Furthest towards the south.
SOUTHSAY, SOUTHSAYER. [See Soothsay.]
SOUTHSAY, SOUTHSAYER [See Soothsay.]
SOUTHWARD, adverb suth'ard. Towards the south; as, to go southward
SOUTHWARD, noun suth'ard. The southern regions or countries.
SOUTHWEST, noun [south and west.] The point of the compass equally distant from the south and west.
SOUTHWEST, adjective
1. Lying in the direction of the southwest; as a southwest country.
2. Coming from the southwest; as a southwest wind.
SOUTHWEST'ERLY, adjective
1. In the direction of southwest, or nearly so.
2. Coming from the southwest, or a point near it; as a southwesterly wind.
SOUTHWEST'ERN, In the direction of southwest, or nearly so; as, to sail a southwestern course.
SOUVENIR, noun A remembrance.
SOVENANCE, noun Remembrance. [Not English, nor it used.]
SOVEREIGN, adjective suv'eran. [We retain this babarous orthography from the Norman sovereign The true spelling would be suveran from the Latin supernes, superus.]
1. Supreme in power; possessing supreme dominion; as a sovereign ruler of the universe.
2. Supreme; superior to all others; chief. God is the sovereign good of all who love and obey him.
3. Supremely efficacious; superior to all others; predominant; effectual; as a sovereign remedy.
4. Supreme; pertaining to the first magistrate of a nation; as sovereign authority.
SOVEREIGN, noun suv'eran.
1. A supreme lord or ruler; one who possesses the highest authority without control. Some earthly princes, kings and emperors are sovereigns in their dominions.
2. A supreme magistrate; a king.
3. A gold coin of England, value 20s or $4.44
SOVEREIGNIZE, verb intransitive suv'eranize. To exercise supreme authority. [Not in use.]
SOVEREIGNLY, adverb suv'eranly. Supreme power; supremacy; the possession power. Absolute sovereignty belongs to God only.
SOW, noun
1. The female of the hog kind or of swine.
2. An oblong piece of lead.
3. An insect; a milleped.
SOW'-BREAD, noun A plant of the genus Cyclamen.
SOW'-BUG, noun An insect; a milleped.
SOWCE, for souse. [See Souse.]
SOWED, participle passive Scattered on ground, as seed; sprinkled with seed, as ground. We say, seed is sowed; or land is sowed
SOWER, noun
1. He that scatters seed for propagation. Behold, a sower went forth to sow. Matthew 13:3.
2. One who scatters or spreads; as a sower of words.
3. A breeder; a promoter; as a sower of suits.
SOWING, participle present tense Scattering, as seed; sprinkling with seed, as ground; stocking with seed.
SOWING, noun The act of scattering seed for propagation.
SOW'INS, noun Flummery made of oatmeal somewhat soured. [Not used. I believe, in America.]
SOWL, verb transitive To pull by the ears. [Not used in America.]
SOWN, participle passive Scattered, as seed; sprinkled with seed, as ground.
SOY, noun A kind of source, used in Japan.
SOZ'ZLE, noun [See Soss.] A sluttish woman, or one that spills water and other liquids carelessly. [New England.]