LI'ABLE, adjective [Latin ligo. See Liege.]

1. Bound; obliged in law or equity; responsible; answerable. The surety is liable for the debt of his principal. The parent is not liable for debts contracted by a son who is a minor, except for necessaries.

This use of liable is now common among lawyers. The phrase is abridged. The surety is liable that is, bound to pay the debt of his principal.

2. Subject; obnoxious; exposed.

Proudly secure, yet liable to fall.

Liable, in this sense, is always applied to evils. We never say, a man is liable to happiness or prosperity, but he is liable to disease, calamities, censure; he is liable to err, to sin, to fall.

LI'ABLENESS,

LIA'R, noun [from lie.]

1. A person who knowingly utters falsehood; one who declares to another as a fact what he knows to be not true, and with an intention to deceive him. The uttering of falsehood by mistake, and without an intention to deceive, does not constitute one a liar.

2. One who denies Christ. 1 John 2:1.

LIA'R, n. [from lie.]

LI'ARD, adjective Gray. obsolete

LI'AS, noun A species of limestone, occurring in flat, horizontal strata, and supposed to be of recent formation.

LIB, verb transitive To castrate. [Not in use.]

LIBA'TION, noun [Latin libatio, from libo, to pour out, to taste.]

1. The act of pouring a liquor, usually wine, either on the ground, or on a victim in sacrifice, in honor of some deity. The Hebrews, Greeks and Romans practiced libation This was a solemn act and accompanied with prayer.

2. The wine or other liquor poured out in honor of a deity.

LIBBARD, an obsolete spelling of leopard.

LI'BEL, noun [Latin libellus, a little book, from liber, a book, from the sense of bark, and this from stripping separating. Hence liber, a book, and liber, free, are the same word.]

1. A defamatory writing, Latin libellus, famosus. Hence, the epithet being omitted, libel expresses the same thing. Any book, pamphlet, writing or picture, containing representations, maliciously made or published, tending to bring a person into contempt, or expose him to public hatred and derision. The communication of such defamatory writing to a single person, is considered in law a publication. It is immaterial with respect to the essence of a libel whether the matter of it is true or false, since the provocation and not the falsity is the thing to be punished criminally. But in a civil action, a libel must appear to be false, as well as scandalous.

In a more extensive sense, any blasphemous, treasonable or immoral writing or picture made public, is a libel and punishable by law.

2. In the civil law, and in courts of admiralty, a declaration or charge in writing exhibited in court, particularly against a ship or goods, for violating the laws of trade or of revenue.

LI'BEL, verb transitive

1. To defame or expose to public hatred and contempt by a writing or picture; to lampoon.

Some wicked wits have libeled all the fair.

2. To exhibit a charge against any thing in court, particularly against a ship or goods, for a violation of the laws of trade or revenue.

LI'BEL, verb intransitive To spread defamation, written or printed; with against. He libels against the peers of the realm. [Not now in use.]

LI'BELANT, noun One who libels; one who brings a libel or institutes a suit in an admiralty court.

The counsel for the libelant contended they had a right to read the instructions.

LI'BELED, participle passive

1. Defamed by a writing or picture made public.

2. Charged or declared against in an admiralty court.

LI'BELER, noun One who libels or defames by writing or pictures; a lampooner.

It is ignorance of ourselves which makes us the libelers of others.

LI'BELING, participle present tense

1. Defaming by a published writing or picture.

2. Exhibiting charges against in court.

LI'BELOUS, adjective Defamatory; containing that which exposes a person to public hatred, contempt and ridicule; as a libelous pamphlet or picture.

LIB'ERAL, adjective [Latin liberalis, from liber, free. See Libe.]

1. Of a free heart; free to give or bestow; not close or contracted; munificent; bountiful; generous; giving largely; as a liberal donor; the liberal founders of a college or hospital. It expresses less than profuse or extravagant.

2. Generous; ample; large; as a liberal donation; a liberal allowance.

3. Not selfish, narrow on contracted; catholic; enlarged; embracing other interests than one's own; as liberal sentiments or views; a liberal mind; liberal policy.

4. General; extensive; embracing literature and the sciences generally; as a liberal education. This phrase is often but not necessarily synonymous with collegiate; as a collegiate education.

5. Free; open; candid; as a liberal communication of thoughts.

6. Large; profuse; as a liberal discharge of matter by secretions or excretions.

7. Free; not literal or strict; as a liberal construction of law.

8. Not mean; not low in birth or mind.

9. Licentious; free to excess.

Liberal arts, as distinguished from mechanical arts, are such as depend more on the exertion of the mind than on the labor of the hands, and regard amusement, curiosity or intellectual improvement, rather than the necessity of subsistence, or manual skill. Such are grammar, rhetoric, painting, sculpture, architecture, music. etc.

Liberal has of before the thing bestowed, and to before the person or object on which any thing is bestowed; as, to be liberal of praise or censure; liberal to the poor.

LIBERAL'ITY, noun [Latin liberalitas. See Liberal.]

1. Munificence; bounty.

That liberality is but cast away, which makes us borrow what we cannot pay.

2. A particular act of generosity; a donation; a gratuity. In this sense, it has the plural number. A prudent man is not impoverished by his liberalities.

3. Largeness of mind; catholicism; that comprehensiveness of mind which includes other interests beside its own, and duly estimates in its decisions the value or importance of each. It is evidence of a noble mind to judge of men and things with liberality

Many treat the gospel with indifference under the name of liberality

4. Candor; impartiality.

LIB'ERALIZE, verb transitive To render liberal or catholic; to enlarge; to free from narrow views or prejudices; as, to liberalize the mind.

LIB'ERALIZED, participle passive Freed from narrow views and prejudices; made liberal.

LIB'ERALIZING, participle present tense Rendering liberal; divesting of narrow views and prejudices.

LIB'ERALLY, adverb

1. Bountifully; freely; largely; with munificence.

If any of you lack wisdom, let him ask of God, who giveth to all men liberally and upbraideth not. James 1:5.

2. With generous and impartial regard to other interests than our own; with enlarged views; without selfishness or meanness; as, to think or judge liberally of men and their actions.

3. Freely; not strictly; not literally.

LIB'ERATE, verb transitive [Latin libero, from liber, free.]

1. To free; to release from restraint or bondage; to set at liberty; as, to liberate one from duress or imprisonment; to liberate the mind from the shackles of prejudice.

2. To manumit; as, to liberate a slave.

LIB'ERATED, participle passive Freed; released from confinement, restraint or slavery; manumitted.

LIB'ERATING, participle present tense Delivering from restraint or slavery.

LIBERA'TION, noun [Latin liberatio.] The act of delivering from restraint, confinement or slavery.

LIB'ERATOR, noun One who liberates or delivers.

LIBERTA'RIAN, adjective [Latin liber, free; libertas, liberty.]

Pertaining to liberty, or to the doctrine of free will, as opposed to the doctrine of necessity.

Remove from their mind libertarian prejudice.

LIB'ERTINAGE, noun Libertinism, which is most used.

LIB'ERTINE, noun [Latin libertinus, from liber, free.]

1. Among the Romans, a freedman; a person manumitted or set free from legal servitude.

2. One unconfined; one free from restraint.

3. A man who lives without restraint of the animal passion; one who indulges his lust without restraint; one who leads a dissolute, licentious life; a rake; a debauchee.

LIB'ERTINE, adjective Licentious; dissolute; not under the restraint of law or religion; as libertine principles; a libertine life.

LIB'ERTINISM, noun

1. State of a freedman. [Little used.]

2. Licentiousness of opinion and practice; an unrestrained indulgence of lust; debauchery; lewdness.

LIB'ERTY, noun [Latin libertas, from liber, free.]

1. Freedom from restraint, in a general sense, and applicable to the body, or to the will or mind. The body is at liberty when not confined; the will or mind is at liberty when not checked or controlled. A man enjoys liberty when no physical force operates to restrain his actions or volitions.

2. Natural liberty consists in the power of acting as one thinks fit, without any restraint or control, except from the laws of nature. It is a state of exemption from the control of others, and from positive laws and the institutions of social life. This liberty is abridged by the establishment of government.

3. Civil liberty is the liberty of men in a state of society, or natural liberty so far only abridged and restrained, as is necessary and expedient for the safety and interest of the society, state or nation. A restraint of natural liberty not necessary or expedient for the public, is tyranny or oppression. civil liberty is an exemption from the arbitrary will of others, which exemption is secured by established laws, which restrain every man from injuring or controlling another. Hence the restraints of law are essential to civil liberty

The liberty of one depends not so much on the removal of all restraint from him, as on the due restraint upon the liberty of others.

In this sentence, the latter word liberty denotes natural liberty

4. Political liberty is sometimes used as synonymous with civil liberty But it more properly designates the liberty of a nation, the freedom of a nation or state from all unjust abridgment of its rights and independence by another nation. Hence we often speak of the political liberties of Europe, or the nations of Europe.

5. Religious liberty is the free right of adopting and enjoying opinions on religious subjects, and of worshiping the Supreme Being according to the dictates of conscience, without external control.

6. liberty in metaphysics, as opposed to necessity, is the power of an agent to do or forbear any particular action, according to the determination or thought of the mind, by which either is preferred to the other.

Freedom of the will; exemption from compulsion or restraint in willing or volition.

7. Privilege; exemption; immunity enjoyed by prescription or by grant; with a plural. Thus we speak of the liberties of the commercial cities of Europe.

8. Leave; permission granted. The witness obtained liberty to leave the court.

9. A space in which one is permitted to pass without restraint, and beyond which he may not lawfully pass; with a plural; as the liberties of a prison.

10. Freedom of action or speech beyond the ordinary bounds of civility or decorum. Females should repel all improper liberties.

To take the liberty to do or say any thing, to use freedom not specially granted.

To set at liberty to deliver from confinement; to release from restraint.

To be at liberty to be free from restraint.

Liberty of the press, is freedom from any restriction on the power to publish books; the free power of publishing what one pleases, subject only to punishment for abusing the privilege, or publishing what is mischievous to the public or injurious to individuals.

First occurrence in the Bible(KJV): Leviticus 25:10

LIBID'INOUS, adjective [Latin libidinosus, from libido, lubido, lust, from libeo, libet, lubet, to please, it pleaseth; Eng. love, which see. The root is lib or lub.]

Lustful; lewd; having an eager appetite for venereal pleasure.

LIBID'INOUSLY, adjective Lustfully; with lewd desire.

LIBID'INOUSNESS, noun The state or quality of being lustful; inordinate appetite for venereal pleasure.

LIB'IDNIST, noun One given to lewdness.

LI'BRA, noun [Latin] The balance; the seventh sign in the zodiac, which the sun enters at the autumnal equinox, in September.

LIBRA'RIAN, noun [Latin librarius, with a different signification, from liber, bark, a book.]

1. The keeper or one who has the care of a library or collection of books.

2. One who transcribes or copies books. [Not now used.]

LI'BRARY, noun [Latin librarium, libraria, from liber, a book.]

1. A collection of books belonging to a private person, or to a public institution or a company.

2. An edifice or an apartment for holding a collection of books.

LI'BRATE, verb transitive [Latin libro, from libra, a balance, a level; allied perhaps to Eng. level.]

To poise; to balance; to hold in equipoise.

LI'BRATE, verb intransitive To move, as a balance; to be poised.

Their parts all librate on too nice a beam.

LIBRA'TION, noun

1. The act of balancing or state of being balanced; a state of equipoise, with equal weights on both sides of a center.

2. In astronomy, an apparent irregularity of the moon's motions, by which it seems to librate about its axis.

Libration is the balancing motion or trepidation in the firmament, whereby the declination of the sun and the latitude of the stars change from time to time.

3. A balancing or equipoise between extremes.

LI'BRATORY, adjective Balancing; moving like a balance, as it tends to an equipoise or level.

LICE, plu of louse.

LI'CENSE, noun [Latin licentia, from liceo, to be permitted.]

1. Leave; permission; authority or liberty given to do or forbear any act. A license may be verbal or written; when written, the paper containing the authority is called a license A man is not permitted to retail spirituous liquors till he has obtained a license

2. Excess of liberty; exorbitant freedom; freedom abused, or used in contempt of law or decorum.

License they mean, when they cry liberty.

LI'CENSE, verb transitive

1. To permit by grant of authority; to remove legal restraint by a grant of permission; as, to license a man to keep an inn.

2. To authorize to act in a particular character; as, to license a physician or a lawyer.

3. To dismiss. [Not in use.]

LI'CENSER, noun One who grants permission; a person authorized to grant permission to others; as a licenser of the press.

LICEN'TIATE, noun [from Latin licentia.]

1. One who has a license; as a licentiate in physic or medicine.

2. In Spain, one who has a degree; as a licentiate in law or divinity. The officers of justice are mostly distinguished by this title.

LICEN'TIATE, verb transitive To give license or permission.

LICEN'TIOUS, adjective [Latin licentiosus.]

1. Using license; indulging freedom to excess; unrestrained by law or morality; loose; dissolute; as a licentious man.

2. Exceeding the limits of law or propriety; wanton; unrestrained; as licentious desires. licentious thoughts precede licentious conduct.

LICEN'TIOUSLY, adverb With excess of liberty; in contempt of law and morality.

LICEN'TIOUSNESS, noun Excessive indulgence of liberty; contempt of the just restraints of law, morality and decorum. The licentiousness of authors is justly condemned; the licentiousness of the press is punishable by law.

Law is the god of wise men; licentiousness is the god of fools.

LICH, adjective [See Like.] Like; even; equal. obsolete

LICH, noun [Heb. chalak, smooth. We have here an instance of the radical sense of man and body, almost exactly analogous to that of Adam, to make equal, to be like.]

LICH'EN, noun [Latin from Gr.]

1. In botany, the name for an extensive division of cryptogamian plants, constituting a genus in the order of Algae, in the Linnean system, but now forming a distinct natural order. They appear in the form of thin flat crust, covering rocks and the bark of trees, or in foliaceous expansions, or branched like a shrub in miniature, or sometimes only as a gelatinous mass, or a powdery substance. They are called rock moss and tree moss, and some of the liverworts are of this order. They also include the Iceland moss and the reindeer moss; but they are entirely distinct from the true mosses (Musci.)

2. In surgery, a species of impetigo, appearing in the form of a red, dry, rough, and somewhat prurient spot, that gives off small furfuraceous scales.

LICHENOGRAPH'IC,

LICHENOGRAPH'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to lichenography.

LICHENOGRAPH'ICAL, a. Pertaining to lichenography.

LICHENOG'RAPHIST, noun One who describes the lichens.

LICHENOG'RAPHY, noun [lichen and to write.]

A description of the vegetables called lichens; the science which illustrates the natural history of the lichens.

LIC'IT, adjective [Latin licitus.] Lawful.

LIC'ITLY, adverb Lawfully.

LIC'ITNESS, noun Lawfulness.

LICK, verb transitive [Latin lingo; Gr. See Like and Sleek.]

1. To pass or draw the tongue over the surface; as, a dog licks a wound.

2. To lap; to take in by the tongue; as, a dog or cat licks milk. 1 Kings 21:19.

To lick up, to devour; to consume entirely.

Now shall this company lick up all that are round about us, as an ox licketh up the grass of the field. Numbers 22:4.

To lick the dust, to be slain; to perish in battle.

His enemies shall lick the dust. Psalms 72:9.

LICK, noun In America, a place where beasts of the forest lick for salt, at salt springs.

LICK, noun

1. A blow; a stroke. [Not an elegant word.]

2. A wash; something rubbed on. [Not in use.]

LICK, verb transitive To strike repeatedly for punishment; to flog; to chastise with blows. [Not an elegant word; but probably flog, Latin fligo, is from the root of this word.]

LICK'ER, noun One that licks.

LICK'ERISH, adjective [Gr. sweet. The sense of watery, smooth, sweet, are allied; likeness is often connected with smoothness in radical sense, and sleek is probably from the root of lick, like.]

1. Nice in the choice of food; dainty; as a lickerish palate.

2. Eager; greedy to swallow; eager to taste or enjoy; having a keen relish.

3. Dainty; tempting the appetite; as lickerish baits.

LICK'ERISHLY, adverb Daintly.

LICK'ERISHNESS, noun Niceness of palate; daintiness.

LIC'ORICE, noun [Latin glycyrrhiza; Gr. sweet, and root.]

A plant of the genus Glycyrrhiza. The root of this plant abounds with a sweet balsamic juice, much used in pectoral compositions.

LICOROUS, LICOROUSNESS, for lickerish, etc. not used.

LICOROUS, LICOROUSNESS for lickerish, etc. not used.

LIC'TOR, noun [Latin lick, to strike.] An officer among the Romans, who bore an ax and fasces or rods, as ensigns of his office. The duty of a lictor was to attend the chief magistrates when they appeared in public, to clear the way and cause due respect to be paid to them. A dictator was attended by twenty four lictors, a consul by twelve, and a master of the horse by six. It was also the duty of lictors to apprehend and punish criminals.

LID. noun [Latin claudo, cludo; Gr.; Heb.]

A cover; that which shuts the opening of a vessel or box; as the lid of a chest or trunk; also, the cover of the eye, the membrane which is drawn over the eyeball of an animal at pleasure, and which is intended for its protection; the eyelid.

LIE, water impregnated with alkaline salt, is written lye, to distinguish it from lie a falsehood.

LIE, noun

1. A criminal falsehood; a falsehood uttered for the purpose of deception; an intentional violation of truth. Fiction, or a false statement or representation, not intended to deceive, mislead or injure, as in fables, parables and the like, is not a lie

It is willful deceit that makes a lie A man may act a lie as by pointing his finger in a wrong direction, when a traveler inquires of him his road.

2. A fiction; in a ludicrous sense.

3. False doctrine. 1 John 2:1.

4. An idolatrous picture of God, or a false god. Romans 1:25.

5. That which deceives and disappoints confidence.

Micah 1:14.

To give the lie to charge with falsehood. A man's actions may give the lie to his words.

LIE, verb intransitive

1. To utter falsehood with an intention to deceive, or with an immoral design.

Thou hast not lied to men, but to God. Acts 5:3.

2. To exhibit a false representation; to say or do that which deceives another, when he has a right to know the truth, or when morality requires a just representation.

LIE, verb intransitive preterit tense lay; participle passive lain, [lien, obsolete ] [The Gr. word usually signifies to speak, which is to utter or throw out sounds. Hence to lie down is to throw one's self down, and probably lie and lay are of one family, as are jacio and jacceo, in Latin.]

1. To be in a horizontal position, or nearly so, and to rest on any thing lengthwise, and not on the end. Thus a person lies on a bed, and a fallen tree on the ground. A cask stands on its end, but lies on its side.

2. To rest in an inclining posture; to lean; as, to lie on or against a column.

3. To rest; to press on.

4. To be reposited in the grave.

All the kings of the earth, even all of them, lie in glory.

Isaiah 14:18.

5. To rest on a bed or couch; to be prostrate; as, to lie sick.

My little daughter lieth at the point of death. Mark 5:1.

6. To be situated. New Haven lies in the forty second degree of north latitude. Ireland lies west of England.

Envy lies between beings equal in nature, though unequal in circumstances.

7. To be; to rest; to abide; to remain; often followed by some word denoting a particular condition; as, to lie waste; to lie fallow; to lie open; to lie hid; to lie pining or grieving; to lie under one's displeasure; to lie at the mercy of a creditor, or at the mercy of the waves.

8. To consist.

He that thinks that diversion may not lie in hard labor, forgets the early rising of the huntsman.

9. To be sustainable in law; to be capable of being maintained. An action lies against the tenant for waste.

An appeal lies in this case.

To lie at, to tease or importune. [Little used.]

To lie at the heart, to be fixed as an object of affection or anxious desire.

1. To lie by, to be reposited, or remaining with. He has the manuscript lying by him.

2. To rest; to intermit labor. We lay by during the heat of the day.

To lie in the way, to be an obstacle or impediment. Remove the objections that lie in the way of an amicable adjustment.

To lie hard or heavy, to press; to oppress; to burden.

To lie on hand, to be or remain in possession; to remain unsold or undisposed of.

Great quantities of wine lie on hand, or have lain long on hand.

To lie on the hands, to remain unoccupied or unemployed; to be tedious. Men are sometimes at a loss to know how to employ the time that lies on their hands.

To lie on the head, to be imputed.

What he gets more of her than sharp words, let it lie on my head.

To lie in wait, to wait for in concealment; to lie in ambush; to watch for an opportunity to attack or seize.

To lie in one, to be in the power of; to belong to.

As much as lieth in you, live peaceably with all men.

Rom 41.

To lie down, to lay the body on the ground or other level place; also, to go to rest.

To lie in, to be in childbed; to bring forth young.

To lie under, to be subject to; to suffer; to be oppressed by.

To lie on or upon, to be a matter of obligation or duty. It lies on the plaintiff to maintain his action.

1. To lie with, to lodge or sleep with; also, to have carnal knowledge of.

2. To belong to. It lies with you to make amends.

To lie over, to remain unpaid, after the time when payment is due; as a note in bank.

To lie to, to be stationary, as a ship.

LIEF, adjective [See Love.] Dear; beloved. obsolete

LIEF, adverb [supra. This word coincides with love, Latin lubet, libet, and the primary sense is to be free, prompt, ready.]

Gladly; willingly; freely; used in familiar speech, in the phrase, I had as lief go as not. It has been supposed that had in this phrase is a corruption of would. At any rate it is anomalous.

LIEGE, adjective [Latin ligo, to bind; Gr. to bind, to bend; a withe.]

1. Bound by a feudal tenure; obliged to be faithful and loyal to a superior, as a vassal to his lord; subject; faithful; as a liege man. By liege homage, a vassal was bound to serve his lord against all, without excepting his sovereign; or against all, excepting a former lord to whom he owed like service.

2. Sovereign; as a liege lord. [See the noun.]

LIEGE, noun [supra.]

1. A vassal holding a fee by which he is bound to perform certain services and duties to his lord.

2. A lord or superior; a sovereign.

[Note. This is a false application of the word, arising probably from transferring the word from the vassal to the lord; the lord of liege men, being called liege lord.

LIEN, the obsolete participle of lie. [See Lain.]

LIEN, noun [supra.] A legal claim; as a lien upon land.

LIENTER'IC, adjective [from lientery.] Pertaining to a lientery.

LI'ENTERY, noun [Latin ; Gr. smooth, and an intestine.]

A flux of the bowels, in which the aliments are discharged undigested, and with little alteration either in color or substance.

LIER, noun [from lie.] One who lies down; one who rests or remains; as a lier in wait or in ambush. Joshua 8:13.

LIEU, noun [Latin locus, Eng. ley or lea. See Ley.]

Place; room; stead. It is used only with in. Let me have gold in lieu of silver. In lieu of fashionable honor, let justice by substituted.

LIEUTENANCY,

n. luten'ancy. [See Lieutenant.]

1. The office or commission of a lieutenant.

2. The body of lieutenants.

LIEUTENANT, noun luten'ant. [Latin tenens, holding.]

1. An officer who supplies the place of a superior in his absence. Officers of this kind are civil, as the lord-lieutenant of a kingdom or county; or military, as a lieutenant general, a lieutenant colonel.

2. In military affairs, the second commissioned officer in a company of infantry cavalry or artillery.

3. In ships of war, the officer next in rank to the captain.

LIEUTENANTSHIP. [See Lieutenancy.]

LIEVE, for lief, is vulgar. [See Lief.]

LIE'VRITE, noun A mineral, called also yenite, which see.

LIFE, noun plu lives. [See Live.]

1. In a general sense, that state of animals and plants, or of an organized being, in which its natural functions and motions are performed, or in which its organs are capable of performing their functions. A tree is not destitute of life in winter, when the functions of its organs are suspended; nor man during a swoon or syncope; nor strictly birds, quadrupeds or serpents during their torpitude in winter. They are not strictly dead, till the functions of their organs are incapable of being renewed.

2. In animals, animation; vitality; and in man, that state of being in which the soul and body are united.

He entreated me not to take his life

3. In plants, the state in which they grow or are capable of growth, by means of the circulation of the sap. The life of an oak may be two, three, or four hundred years.

4. The present state of existence; the time from birth to death. The life of man seldom exceeds seventy years.

If in this life only we have hope in Christ, we are of all men most miserable. 1 Corinthians 15:19.

5. Manner of living; conduct; deportment, in regard to morals.

I will teach my family to lead good lives.

6. Condition; course of living, in regard to happiness and misery. We say, a man's life has been a series of prosperity, or misfortune.

7. Blood, the supposed vehicle of animation.

And the warm life came issuing through the wound.

8. Animals in general; animal being.

Full nature swarms with life

9. System of animal nature.

Lives through all life

10. Spirit; animation; briskness; vivacity; resolution.

They have no notion of life and fire in fancy and words.

11. The living form; real person or state; in opposition to a copy; as, a picture is taken from the life; a description from the life

12. Exact resemblance; with to, before life

His portrait is draw to the life

13. General state of man, or of social manners; as the studies and arts that polish life

14. Condition; rank in society; as high life and low life

15.Common occurrences; course of things; human affairs.

But to know that which before us lies in daily life is the prime wisdom.

16. A person; a living being; usually or always, a human being. How many lives were sacrificed during the revolution?

17. Narrative of a past life; history of the events of life; biographical narration. Johnson wrote the life of Milton, and the lives of other poets.

18. In Scripture, nourishment; support of life

For the tree of the field is man's life Deuteronomy 20:19.

19. The stomach or appetite.

His life abhorreth bread. Job 33:4.

20. The enjoyments or blessings of the present life

Having the promise of the life that now is, and of that which is to come. 1 Timothy 4:8.

21. Supreme felicity.

To be spiritually minded is life and peace. Romans 8:2.

22. Eternal happiness in heaven. Romans 5:10.

23. Restoration to life Romans 5:10.

24. The author and giver of supreme felicity.

I am the way, the truth, and the life John 14:6.

25. A quickening, animating and strengthening principle, in a moral sense. John 6:27.

26. The state of being in force, or the term for which an instrument has legal operation; as the life of an execution.

LI'FEGUARD, noun A guard of the life or person; a guard that attends the person of a prince, or other person.

LI'FELESS, adjective

1. Dead; deprived of life; as a lifeless body.

2. Destitute of life; unanimated; as lifeless matter.

3. Destitute of power, force, vigor or spirit; dull; heavy; inactive.

4. Void of spirit; vapid; as liquor.

5. Torpid.

6. Wanting physical energy.

LI'FELESSLY, adverb Without vigor; dully; frigidly; heavily.

LI'FELESSNESS, noun Destitution of life, vigor and spirit; inactivity.

LI'FELIKE, adjective Like a living person.

LI'FERENT, noun The rent of an estate that continues for life.

LI'FESTRING, noun a nerve or string that is imagined to be essential to life.

LI'FETIME, noun The time that life continues; duration of life.

LI'FEWEARY, adjective Tired of life; weary of living.

LIFT, verb transitive [We retain this sense in shoplifter. Latin levo, elevo.]

1. To raise; to elevate; as, to lift the foot or the hand; to lift the head.

2. To raise; to elevate mentally.

To thee, O Lord, do I lift up my soul. Psalms 25:1.

3. To raise in fortune.

The eye of the Lord lifted up his head from misery.

4. To raise in estimation, dignity or rank. His fortune has lifted him into notice, or into office.

The Roman virtues lift up mortal man.

5. To elate; to cause to swell, as with pride. Up is often used after lift as a qualifying word; sometimes with effect or emphasis; very often, however, it is useless.

6. To bear; to support.

7. To steal, that is, to take and carry away. Hence we retain the use of shoplifter, although the verb in this sense is obsolete.

8. In Scripture, to crucify.

When ye have lifted up the Son of man. John 8:7.

1. To lift up the eyes, to look; to fix the eyes on.

Lot lifted up his eyes and beheld Jordan. Genesis 13:14.

2. To direct the desires to God in prayer. Psalms 121:1.

1. To lift up the head, to raise from a low condition; to exalt. Genesis 40:13.

2. To rejoice. Luke 21:28.

1. To lift up the hand, to swear, or to confirm by oath. Gen 14.

2. To raise the hands in prayer. Psa 28.

3. To rise in opposition to; to rebel; to assault.

2 Samuel 18:24.

4. To injure or oppress. Job 31:21.

5. To shake off sloth and engage in duty. Hebrews 6:12.

To lift up the face, to look to with confidence, cheerfulness and comfort. Job 22:26.

To lift up the face, to look to with confidence, cheerfulness and comfort. Job 22:26.

To lift up the heel against, to treat with insolence and contempt.

To lift up the horn, to behave arrogantly or scornfully. Psa 75.

To lift up the feet, to come speedily to one's relief.

Psa 74.

To lift up the voice, to cry aloud; to call out, either in grief or joy. Gen 21. Isaiah 24:14.

LIFT, verb intransitive

1. To try to raise; to exert the strength for the purpose of raising or bearing.

The body strained by lifting at a weight too heavy -

2. To practice theft. obsolete

LIFT, noun

1. The act of raising; a lifting; as the lift of the feet in walking or running.

The goat gives the fox a lift

2. An effort to raise; as, give us a lift [Popular use.]

3. That which is to be raised.

4. A dead lift an ineffectual effort to raise; or the thing which the strength is not sufficient to raise.

5. Any thing to be done which exceeds the strength; or a state of inability; as, to help one at a dead lift

6. A rise; a degree of elevation; as the lift of a lock in canals.

7. In Scottish, the sky; the atmosphere; the firmament.

8. In seamen's language, a rope descending from the cap and mast-head to the extremity of a yard. Its use is to support the yard, keep it in equilibrio, and raise the end, when occasion requires.

LIFT'ED, participle passive Raised; elevated; swelled with pride.

LIFT'ER, noun One that lifts or raises.

LIFT'ING, participle present tense Raising; swelling with pride.

LIFT'ING, noun The act of lifting; assistance.

LIG, verb intransitive to lie. [See Lie.] obsolete

LIG'AMENT, noun [Latin ligamentum, from ligo, to bind, that is, to strain.]

1. Any thing that ties or unites one thing or part to another.

Interwoven is the love of liberty with every ligament of your hearts.

2. In anatomy, a strong, compact substance, serving to bind one bone to another. It is a white, solid inelastic, tendinous substance, softer than cartilage, but harder than membrane.

3. Bond; chain; that which binds or restrains.

LIGAMENT'AL,

LIGAMENT'OUS, adjective Composing a ligament; of the nature of a ligament; binding; as a strong ligamentous membrane.

LIGAMENT'OUS, a. Composing a ligament; of the nature of a ligament; binding; as a strong ligamentous membrane.

LIGA'TION, noun [Latin ligatio.] The act of binding, or state of being bound.

LIG'ATURE, noun [Latin ligatura.]

1. Any thing that binds; a band or bandage.

2. The act of binding; as, by a strict ligature of the parts.

3. Impotence induced by magic.

4. In music, a band or line connecting notes.

5. Among printers, a double character, or a type consisting of two letters or characters united; as fl, fi, in English. The old editions of Greek authors abound with ligatures.

6. The state of being bound.

7. In medicine, stiffness of a joint.

8. In surgery, a cord or string for tying the blood vessels, particularly the arteries, to prevent hemorrhage.

LIGHT, noun lite. [Latin lux, light and luceo, to shine. Eng. luck, both in elements and radical sense.]

1. That ethereal agent or matter which makes objects perceptible to the sense of seeing, but the particles of which are separately invisible. It is now generally believed that light is a fluid, or real matter, existing independent of other substances, with properties peculiar to itself. Its velocity is astonishing, as it passes through a space of nearly twelve millions of miles in a minute. light when decomposed, is found to consist of rays differently colored; as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet. The sun is the principal source of light in the solar system; but light is also emitted from bodies ignited, or in combustion, and is reflected from enlightened bodies, as the moon. light is also emitted from certain putrefying substances. It is usually united with heat, but it exists also independent of it.

2. That flood of luminous rays which flows from the sun and constitutes day.

God called the light day, and the darkness he called night. Genesis 1:3.

3. Day; the dawn of day.

The murderer rising with the light killeth the poor and needy. Job 24:13.

4. Life.

O, spring to light auspicious babe, be born!

5. Any thing that gives light; as a lamp, candle, taper, lighted tower, star, etc.

Then he called for a light and sprang in - Acts 16:29.

I have set thee to be a light to the Gentiles. Acts 13:47.

And God made two great lights. Genesis 1:3.

6. The illuminated part of a picture; the part which lies open to the luminary by which the piece is supposed to be enlightened, and is painted in vivid colors; opposed to shade.

7. Illumination of mind; instruction; knowledge.

I opened Ariosto in Italian, and the very first two lines gave me light to all I could desire.

LIGHT, understanding and wisdom - was found in him. Daniel 5:11.

8. Means of knowing. By using such lights as we have, we may arrive at probability, if not at certainty.

9. Open view; a visible state; a state of being seen by the eye, or perceived, understood or known. Further researches will doubtless bring to light many isles yet undiscovered; further experiments will bring to light properties of matter yet unknown.

10. Public view or notice.

Why am I ask'd what next shall see the light?

11. Explanation; illustration; means of understanding. One part of Scripture throws light on another.

12. Point of view; situation to be seen or viewed; a use of the word taken from painting. It is useful to exhibit a subject in a variety of lights. Let every thought be presented in a strong light In whatever light we view this event, it must be considered an evil.

13. A window; a place that admits light to enter.

1 Kings 7:4.

14. A pane of glass; as a window with twelve lights.

15. In Scripture, God, the source of knowledge.

God is light 1 John 1:4.

16. Christ.

That was the true light that lighteth every man that cometh into the world. John 1:4.

17. Joy; comfort; felicity.

LIGHT is sown for the righteous. Psalms 97:11.

18. Saving knowledge.

It is because there is no light in them. Isaiah 8:20.

19. Prosperity; happiness.

Then shall thy light break forth as the morning. Isaiah 58:8.

20. Support; comfort; deliverance. Micah 7:8.

21. The gospel. Matthew 4:16.

22. The understanding or judgment. Matthew 6:22.

23. The gifts and graces of christians. Mat 5.

24. A moral instructor, as John the Baptist. John 5:35.

25. A true christian, a person enlightened. Ephesians 5:8.

26. A good king, the guide of his people. Sam. 21.

The light of the countenance, favor; smiles. Psalms 4:6.

To stand in one's own light to be the means of preventing good, or frustrating one's own purposes.

To come to light to be detected; to be discovered or found.

LIGHT, adjective lite.

1. Bright; clear; not dark or obscure; as, the morning is light; the apartment is light

2. In colors, white or whitish; as a light color; a light brown; a light complexion.

LIGHT, adjective lite.

1. Having little weight; not tending to the center of gravity with force; not heavy. A feather is light compared with lead or silver; but a thing is light only comparatively. That which is light to a man, may be heavy to a child. A light burden for a camel, may be insupportable to a horse.

2. Not burdensome; easy to be lifted, borne or carried by physical strength; as a light burden, weight or load.

3. Not oppressive; easy to be suffered or endured; as a light affliction. 2 Corinthians 4:4.

4. Easy to be performed; not difficult; not requiring great strength or exertion. The task is light; the work is light

5. Easy to be digested; not oppressive to the stomach; as light food. It may signify also, contained little nutriment.

6. Not heavily armed, or armed with light weapons; as light troops; a troop of light horse.

7. Active; swift; nimble.

Asahel was as light of foot as a wild roe. Sam. 2.

8. Not encumbered; unembarrassed; clear of impediments.

Unmarried men are best masters, but not best subjects; for they are light to run away.

9. Not laden; not deeply laden; not sufficiently ballasted. The ship returned light

10. Slight; trifling; not important; as a light error.

11. Not dense; not gross; as light vapors; light fumes.

12. Small; inconsiderable; not copious or vehement; as a light rain; a light snow.

13. Not strong; not violent; moderate; as a light wind.

14. Easy to admit influence; inconsiderate; easily influenced by trifling considerations; unsteady; unsettled; volatile; as a light vain person; a light mind.

There is no greater argument of a light and inconsiderate person, than profanely to scoff at religion.

15. Gay; airy; indulging levity; wanting dignity or solidity; trifling.

Seneca cannot be too heavy, nor Plautus too light

We may neither be light in prayer, now wrathful in debate.

16. Wanton; unchaste; as a woman of light carriage.

A light wife doth make a heavy husband.

17. Not of legal weight; clipped; diminished; as light coin.

To set light by, to undervalue; to slight; to treat as of no importance; to despise.

To make light of, to treat as of little consequence; to slight; to disregard.

LIGHT, verb transitive lite.

1. To kindle; to inflame; to set fire to; as, to light a candle or lamp; sometimes with up; as, to light up an inextinguishable flame. We often hear lit used for lighted as, he lit a candle; but this is inelegant.

2. To give light to.

Ah hopeless, lasting flames! like those that burn to light the dead -

3. To illuminate; to fill or spread over with light; as, to light a room; to light the streets of a city.

4. To lighten; to ease of a burden. [Not in use. See Lighten.]

LIGHT, verb intransitive lite.

1. To fall on; to come to by chance; to happen to find; with on.

A weaker man may sometimes light on notions which had escaped a wiser.

2. To fall on; to strike.

They shall hunger no more, neither thirst any more; neither shall the sun light on them, nor any heat. Revelation 7:16.

3. To descend, as from a horse or carriage; with down, off, or from.

He lighten down from his chariot. 2 Kings 5:21.

She lighted off the camel. Genesis 24:64.

To settle; to rest; to stoop from flight. The bee lights on this flower and that.

LIGHTED, participle passive li'ted. Kindled; set on fire; caused to burn. [Lit, for lighted is inelegant.]

LIGHTEN, verb intransitive li'tn. [from light, the fluid.]

1. To flash; to burst forth or dart, as lightning; to shine with an instantaneous illumination.

This dreadful night that thunders, lightens, opens graves, and roars as doth the lion.

2. To shine like lightning.

3. To fall; to light. obsolete

LIGHTEN, verb transitive li'tn.

1. To dissipate darkness; to fill with light; to spread over with light; to illuminate; to enlighten; as, to lighten an apartment with lamps or gas; to lighten the streets.

A key of fire ran all along the shore, and lightened all the river with a blaze.

2. To illuminate with knowledge; in a moral sense.

A light to lighten the Gentiles. Luke 2:32.

3. To free from trouble and fill with joy.

They looked to him and were lightened. Psalms 34:5.

LIGHTEN, verb transitive li'tn. [from light, not heavy.]

1. To make lighter; to reduce in weight; to make less heavy; as, to lighten a ship by unloading; to lighten a load or burden.

2. To alleviate; to make less burdensome or afflictive; as, to lighten the cares of life; to lighten the burden of grief.

3. To cheer; to exhilarate.

He lightens my humor with his merry jest.

LIGHTER, noun li'ter.

1. One that lights; as a lighter of lamps.

2. A large open flat-bottomed boat, used in loading and unloading ships.

LIGHTERMAN, noun li'terman. A man who manages a lighter; a boatman.

LIGHTFINGERED, adjective li'tefingered. Dexterous in taking and conveying away; thievish; addicted to petty thefts.

LIGHTFOOTED, li'tefooted. adjective Nimble in running or dancing; active. [Little used.]

LI'GHTHEADED, adjective [See head.]

1. Thoughtless; heedless; weak; volatile; unsteady.

2. Disordered in the head; dizzy; delirious.

LI'GHTHEADEDNESS, noun Disorder of the head; dizziness; deliriousness.

LI'GHTHE'ARTED, adjective Free from grief or anxiety; gay; cheerful; merry.

LI'GHTLEGGED, adjective Nimble; swift of foot.

LIGHTLESS, li'teless. Destitute of light; dark.

LIGHTLY, adverb li'tely.

1. With little weight; as, to tread lightly; to press lightly

2. Without deep impression.

The soft ideas of the cheerful note, lightly received, were easily forgot.

3. Easily; readily; without difficulty; of course.

4. Without reason, or for reasons of little weight.

Flatter not the rich, neither do thou willingly or lightly appear before great personages.

5. Without dejection; cheerfully.

Bid that welcome which comes to punish us, and we punish it, seeming to bear it lightly

6. Not chastely; wantonly.

7. Nimbly; with agility; not heavily or tardily.

He led me lightly o'er the stream.

8. Gaily; airily; with levity; without heed or care.

LIGHTMINDED, adjective Unsettled; unsteady; volatile; not considerate.

He that is hasty to give credit, is lightminded

LIGHTNESS, noun li'teness.

1. Want of weight; levity; the contrary to heaviness; as the lightness of air, compared with water.

2. Inconstancy; unsteadiness; the quality of mind which disposes it to be influenced by trifling considerations.

- Such is the lightness of you common men.

3. Levity; wantonness; lewdness; unchastity.

4. Agility; nimbleness.

LIGHTNING, noun li'tening. [that is, lightening, the participle present of lighten.]

1. A sudden discharge of electricity from a cloud to the earth, or from the earth to a cloud, or from one cloud to another, that is, from a body positively charged to one negatively charged, producing a vivid flash of light, and usually a loud report, called thunder. Sometimes lightning is a mere instantaneous flash of light without thunder, as heat-lightning, lightning seen by reflection, the flash being beyond the limits of our horizon.

2. [from lighten, to diminish weight.] Abatement; alleviation; mitigation.

LI'GHTROOM, noun In a ship of war, a small apartment, having double glass windows towards the magazine, and containing lights by which the gunner fills cartridges.

LIGHTS, noun lites. plural [so called from their lightness.]

The lungs; the organs of breathing in animals. These organs in man we call lungs; in other animals, lights

LIGHTSOME, adjective li'tesome.

1. Luminous; not dark; not obscure.

White walls make rooms more lightsome than black. [Little used.]

The lightsome realms of love.

[In the latter passage, the word is elegant.]

2. Gay; airy; cheering; exhilarating.

That lightsome affection of joy.

LI'GHTSOMENESS, noun

1. Luminousness; the quality of being light; opposed to darkness or darksomeness.

2. Cheerfulness; merriment; levity. [This word is little used.]

LIG'NEOUS, adjective [Latin ligneus.] Wooden; made of wood; consisting of wood; resembling wood. The harder part of a plant is ligneous

LIGNIFICA'TION, noun The process of becoming or of converting into wood, or the hard substance of a vegetable.

LIG'NIFORM adjective [Latin lignum, wood, and form.] Like wood; resembling wood.

LIG'NIFY, verb transitive [Latin lignum, wood, and facio, to make.] To convert into wood.

LIG'NIFY, verb intransitive To become wood.

LIG'NITE, noun [Latin lignum.] Fossil or bituminous wood, a mineral combustible substance.

LIG'NOUS, adjective Ligneous. [Little used.]

LIG'ULATE,

LIG'ULATED, adjective [Latin ligula, a strap.] Like a bandage or strap; as a ligulate flower, a species of compound flower, the florets of which have their corollets flat, spreading out towards the end, with the base only tubular. This is the semi-floscular flower of Tournefort.

LIG'URE, noun A kind of precious stone.

LIG'URITE, noun [from Liguria.] A mineral occurring in oblique rhombic prisms, of an apple green color, occasionally speckled.

LIKE, adjective [Latin , Heb., Gr. See Lick and Lickerish.]

1. Equal in quantity, quality or degree; as a territory of like extent with another; men of like excellence.

More clergymen were impoverished by the late war, than ever in the like space before.

2. Similar; resembling; having resemblance.

Elias was a man subject to like passions as we are.

James 5:17.

Why might not other planets have been created for like uses with the earth, each for its own inhabitants?

LIKE is usually followed by to or unto, but it is often omitted.

What city is like unto this great city? Revelation 18:18.

I saw three unclean spirits like frogs. Revelation 16:13.

Among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah. Daniel 1:19.

3. Probably; likely, that is, having the resemblance or appearance of an event; giving reason to expect or believe.

He is like to die of hunger in the place where he is, for there is no more bread. Jeremiah 38:9.

Many were not easy to be governed, not like to conform themselves to strict rules.

LIKE, noun [elliptically, for like thing, like event, like person.]

1. some person or thing resembling another; an equal. The like lmay never happen again.

He was a man, take him for all and all, I shall not look upon his like again.

2. had like in the phrase, 'he had like to be defeated, ' seems to be a corruption; but perhaps like here is used for resemblance or probability, and has the character of a noun. At any rate, as a phrase, it is authorized by good usage.

LIKE, adverb

1. In the same manner.

- Solomon in all his glory was not arrayed like one of these. Matthew 6:8. Luke 12:27.

LIKE as a father pitieth his children, so the Lord pitieth them that fear him. Psalms 103:5.

2. In a manner becoming.

Be strong, and quit yourselves like men. 1 Samuel 4:9.

3. Likely; probably; as like enough it will.

LIKE, verb transitive [Latin placeo and delecto, with prefixes.]

1. To be pleased with in a moderate degree; to approve. it expresses less than love and delight. We like a plan or design, when we approve of it as correct or beneficial. We like the character or conduct of a man when it comports with our view of rectitude. We like food that the taste relishes. We like whatever gives us pleasure.

He proceeded from looking to liking, and from liking to loving.

2. to please; to be agreeable to.

This desire being recommended to her majesty, it like her to include the same within one entire lease. obsolete

3. To liken. obsolete

LIKE, verb intransitive

1. To be pleased; to choose.

He may go or stay, as he likes.

2. To like of, to be pleased. obsolete

LI'KELIHOOD, noun [likely and hod.]

1. Probability; verisimilitude; appearance of truth or reality. There is little likelihood that an habitual drunkard will become temperate. There is little likelihood that an old offender will be reformed. Prudence directs us not to undertake a design, when there is little or no likelihood of success.

2. Appearance; show; resemblance. obsolete

LI'KELINESS, noun [from likely.]

1. Probability.

2. The qualities that please. [See Likely.]

LI'KELY, adjective [that is, like-like.]

1. Probable; that may be rationally though or believed to have taken place in time past, or to be true now or hereafter; such as is more reasonable than the contrary. A likely story, is one which evidence, or the circumstances of the case render probable, and therefore credible.

2. Such as may be liked; pleasing; as a likely man or woman.

[This use of likely is not obsolete, as Johnson affirms, nor is it vulgar. But the English and their descendants in America differ in the application. The English apply the word to external appearance, and with them, likely is equivalent to handsome, well formed; as a likely man, a likely horse. In America, the word is usually applied to the endowments of the mind, or to pleasing accomplishments. With us, a likely man, is a man of good character and talents, or of good dispositions or accomplishments, that render him pleasing or respectable.]

LI'KELY, adverb Probably.

While man was innocent, he was likely ignorant of nothing important for him to know.

LIKEN, verb transitive li'kn.

To compare; to represent as resembling or similar.

Whosoever heareth these sayings of mine, and doeth them, I will liken him unto a wise man, that built his house on a rock. Matthew 6:1.

LI'KENED, participle passive Compared.

LI'KENESS, noun

1. Resemblance in form; similitude. The picture is a good likeness of the original.

2. Resemblance; form; external appearance. Guard against an enemy in the likeness of a friend.

3. One that resembles another; a copy; a counterpart.

I took you for your likeness Chloe.

4. An image, picture or statue, resembling a person or thing. Exodus 20:4.

LI'KENING, participle present tense Comparing; representing as similar.

LI'KEWISE, adverb [like and wise.] In like manner; also; moreover; too.

For he seeth that wise men die, likewise the fool and the brutish person perish, and leave their wealth to others. Psalms 49:10.

LI'KING, participle present tense of like.

1. Approving; being pleased with.

2. adjective Plump; full; of a good appearance. Daniel 1:10. obsolete

LI'KING, noun

1. A good state of body; healthful appearance; plumpness.

Their young ones are in good liking - Job 39:4.

2. State of trial. [Not used.]

3. Inclination; pleasure; as, this is an amusement to your liking

4. Delight in; pleasure in; with to.

He who has no liking to the whole, ought not to censure the parts.

LI'LAC, noun A plant or shrub of the genus syringa, a native of Persia. The common lilac is cultivated for its flowers, which are purple or white.

LIL'ALITE, noun A species of earth of the argillaceous kind; called also lepidolite, which see.

LILIA'CEOUS, adjective [Latin liliaceus, from lilium, a lily.]

Pertaining to lilies; lily-like. A liliaceous corol is one that has six regular petals.

LIL'IED, adjective Embellished with lilies.

By sandy Ladon's lilied banks.

LILL, verb transitive [See Loll. But lill is used in New England.]

LILT, verb intransitive

1. To do any thing with dexterity or quickness. [Local.]

2. To sing or play on the bagpipe.

LIL'Y, noun [Latin lilium; Gr.] A genus of plants of many species, which are all bulbous-rooted, herbaceous perennials, producing bell-shaped, hexapetalous flowers of great beauty and variety of colors.

Lily of the valley, a plant of the genus convallaria, with a monopetalous, bell-shaped corol, divided at the top into six segments.

LIMA'TION, noun [Latin limo, to file.] The act of filing or polishing.

LI'MATURE, noun [Latin limo, to file.]

1. A filing.

2. Filings; particles rubbed off by filing.

LIMB, noun lim. [Latin limbus, edge or border, extremity; limes, limit. The sense of limb is from shooting or extending.]

1. Edge or border. This is the proper signification of the word; but in this sense it is limited chiefly to technical use, and applied to the sun, moon, or a star, to a leaf, to a quadrant, etc. We say, the sun or moon is eclipsed on its northern limb But we never say, the limb of a board, of a tract of land or water, etc.

2. In anatomy, and in common use, an extremity of the human body; a member; a projecting part; as the arm or leg; that is, a shoot.

3. The branch of a tree; applied only to a branch of some size, and not to a small twig.

4. In botany, the border or upper spreading part of a monopetalous corol.

LIMB, verb transitive lim.

1. To supply with limbs.

2. To dismember; to tear off the limbs.

LIM'BAT, noun A cooling periodical wind in the isle of Cyprus, blowing from the north west from eight o'clock, adjective M. to the middle of the day or later.

LIM'BEC, noun [contracted from alembic.] A still; a word not now used.

LIM'BEC, verb transitive To strain or pass through a still. obsolete

LIMB'ED, adjective In composition, formed with regard to limbs; as well-limbed; large-limbed; short-limbed.

LIM'BER, adjective Easily bent; flexible; pliant; yielding. In America, it is applied to material things; as a limber rod; a limber joint.

LIM'BER, noun In a ship, a square hole cut through the floor timbers, as a passage for water to the pump-well.

LIM'BERNESS, noun The quality of being easily bent; flexibleness; pliancy.

LIM'BERS, noun

1. A two-wheeled carriage, having boxes for ammunition.

2. Thills; shafts of a carriage. [Local.]

LIM'BILITE, noun A mineral from Limbourg, in Swabia, of a honey yellow color, and compact texture.

LIMB'LESS, adjective Destitute of limbs.

LIMB'-MEAL, adjective Piece-meal.

LIM'BO,

LIM'BUS, noun [Latin limbus.]

1. A region bordering on hell, or hell itself.

Among catholics, a place where the souls of persons are lodged after death.

2. A place of restraint.

LIM'BUS, n. [L. limbus.]

LIME, noun [Latin limus; Gr. and allied to clammy. On this word is formed slime.]

1. A viscous substance, sometimes laid on twigs for catching birds.

2. Calcarious earth, oxyd of calcium, procured from chalk and certain stones and shells, by expelling from them the carbonic acid, by means of a strong heat in a furnace. The best lime for mortar or cement is obtained from limestone, or carbonate of lime of which marble is a fine species.

3. The linden tree.

4. [See Lemon.] A species of acid fruit, smaller than the lemon.

LIME, verb transitive

1. To smear with a viscous substance.

2. To entangle; to ensnare.

3. To manure with lime

Land may be improved by draining, marling and liming.

4. To cement.

LI'MED, participle passive Smeared with lime; entangled; manured with lime.

LI'MEHOUND, noun A dog used in hunting the wild boar; a limer.

LIMEKILN, noun li'mekil. A kiln or furnace in which stones or shells are exposed to a strong heat and reduced to lime.

LI'MESTONE, noun Stone of which lime is made by the expulsion of its carbonic acid, or fixed air. It is called carbonate of lime. Of this there are several species.

LI'METWIG, noun A twig smeared with lime.

LI'METWIGGED, adjective Smeared with lime.

LI'MEWATER, noun Water impregnated with lime.

LI'MING, participle present tense Daubing with viscous matter; entangling; manuring with lime.

LIM'IT, noun [Latin limes. See Limb.]

1. Bound; border; utmost extent; the part that terminates a thing; as the limit of a town, city or empire; the limits of human knowledge.

2. The thing which bounds; restraint.

3. Limits, plural , the extent of the liberties of a prison.

LIM'IT, verb transitive

1. To bound; to set bounds to.

2. To confine within certain bounds; to circumscribe; to restrain. The government of England is a limited monarchy.

They tempted God and limited the Holy One of Israel. Psalms 78:41.

3. To restrain from a lax or general signification. World sometimes signifies the universe, and sometimes its signification is limited to this earth.

LIM'ITABLE, adjective That may be limited, circumscribed, bounded or restrained.

LIM'ITANEOUS, adjective Pertaining to bounds.

LIMITA'RIAN, adjective That limits or circumscribes.

LIMITA'RIAN, noun One that limits; one who holds the doctrine that a part of the human race only are to be saved; opposed to universalist.

LIM'ITARY, adjective Placed at the limit, as a guard.

- Proud limitary cherub.

LIMITA'TION, noun [Latin limitatio.]

1. The act of bounding or circumscribing.

2. Restriction; restraint; circumscription. The king consented to a limitation of his prerogatives. Government by the limitation of natural rights secures civil liberty.

3. Restriction; confinement from a lax indeterminate import. Words of general import are often to be understood with limitations.

4. A certain precinct within which friars were allowed to beg or exercise their functions.

LIM'ITED, participle passive

1. Bounded; circumscribed; restrained.

2. adjective Narrow; circumscribed. Our views of nature are very limited

LIM'ITEDLY, adverb With limitation.

LIM'ITEDNESS, noun State of being limited.

LIM'ITER, noun

1. He or that which limits or confines.

2. A friar licensed to beg within certain bounds, or whose duty was limited to a certain district.

LIM'ITLESS, adjective Having no limits; unbounded.

LIM'MER, noun

1. A limehound; a mongrel.

2. A dog engendered between a hound and a mastiff.

3. A thill or shaft. [Local. See Limber.]

4. A thill-horse. [Local.]

LIMN, verb transitive lim. [Latin lumino.] To draw or paint; or to paint in water colors.

LIM'NED, participle passive lim'med. Painted.

LIM'NER, noun [Latin illuminator, in the middle ages, alluminor.]

1. One that colors or paints on paper or parchment; one who decorates books with initial pictures.

2. A portrait painter.

LIMN'ING, participle present tense Drawing; painting; painting in water colors.

LIM'NING, noun The act or art of drawing or painting in water colors.

LI'MOUS, adjective [Latin limosus, from limus, slime.] Muddy; slimy; thick.

LIMP, verb intransitive To halt; to walk lamely.

LIMP, noun A halt; act of limping.

LIMP, adjective Vapid; weak. [Not used.]

LIMP'ER, noun One that limps.

LIM'PET, noun [Latin lepas; Gr. from to peel or strip off bark.]

A univalve shell of the genus Patella, adhering to rocks.

LIM'PID, adjective [Latin limpidus.] Pure; clear; transparent; as a limpid stream.

LIM'PIDNESS, noun Clearness; purity.

LIM'PING, participle present tense Halting; walking lamely.

LIM'PINGLY, adverb Lamely; in a halting manner.

LIM'SY, adjective Weak; flexible.

LI'MY, adjective [See lime.]

1. Viscous; glutinous; as limy snares.

2. Containing lime; as a limy soil.

3. Resembling lime; having the qualities of lime.

LIN, verb intransitive To yield. obsolete

LIN, noun A pool or mere. [Not used.]

LINCH'PIN, noun

A pin used to prevent the wheel of a carriage from sliding off the axle-tree.

LINC'TURE, noun [Latin lingo, linctus.] Medicine taken by licking.

LIN'DEN, noun

The lime-tree, or teil-tree, of the genus Tilia.

LINE, noun [Latin linea, linum; Gr. flax.]

1. In geometry, a quantity extended in length, without breadth or thickness; or a limit terminating a surface.

2. A slender string; a small cord or rope. The angler uses a line and hook. The seaman uses a hand line a hauling line spilling lines, etc.

3. A thread, string or cord extended to direct any operation.

We as by line upon the ocean go.

4. Lineament; a mark in the hand or face.

He tipples palmistry, and dines on all her fortune-telling lines.

5. Delineation; sketch; as the lines of a building.

6. Contour; outline; exterior limit of a figure.

Free as thy stroke, yet faultless as thy line

7. In writing, printing and engraving, the words and letters which stand on a level in one row, between one margin and another; as a page of thirty lines.

8. In poetry, a verse, or the words which form a certain number of feet, according to the measure.

9. A short letter; a note. I received a line from my friend by the last mail.

10. A rank or row of soldiers, or the disposition of an army drawn up with an extended front; or the like disposition of a fleet prepared for engagement.

11. A trench or rampart; an extended work in fortification.

Unite thy forces and attack their lines.

12. Method; disposition; as line of order.

13. Extension; limit; border.

Eden stretched her line from Auran eastward to the royal towers of great Seleucia.

14. Equator; equinoctial circle.

When the sun below the line descends -

15. A series or succession of progeny or relations, descending from a common progenitor. We speak of the ascending or descending line; the line of descent; the male line; a line of kings.

16. The twelfth part of an inch.

17. A straight extended mark.

18. A straight or parallel direction. The houses must all stand in a line Every new building must be set in a line with other on the same street.

19. Occupation; employment; department or course of business. We speak of men in the same line of business.

20. Course; direction.

What general line of conduct ought to be pursued?

21. Lint or flax. [Seldom used.]

22. In heraldry, lines are the figures used in armories to divide the shield into different parts, and to compose different figures.

23. In Scripture, line signifies a cord for measuring; also, instruction, doctrine. Psalms 19:4. Isaiah 28:10.

A right line a straight or direct line; the shortest line that can be drawn between two points.

Horizontal line a line drawn parallel to the horizon.

Equinoctial line in geography, a great circle on the earth's surface, at 90 degrees distance from each pole, and bisecting the earth at that part. In astronomy, the circle which the sun seems to describe, in March and September, when the days and nights are of equal length.

Meridian line an imaginary circle drawn through the two poles of the earth, and any part of its surface.

A ship of the line a ship of war large enough to have a place in the line of battle. All ships carrying seventy four or more large guns, are ships of the line Smaller ships may sometimes be so called.

LINE, verb transitive [supposed to be from Latin linum, flax, whence linen, which is often used for linings.]

1. To cover on the inside; as a garment lined with linen, fur or silk; a box lined with paper or tin.

2. To put in the inside.

- What if I do line one of their hands?

3. To place along by the side of any thing for guarding; as, to line a hedge with riflemen; to line works with soldiers.

4. To strengthen by additional works or men.

LINE and new repair your towns of war with men of courage.

5. To cover; to add a covering; as, to line a crutch.

6. To strengthen with any thing added.

Who lined himself with hope.

7. To impregnate; applied to irrational animals.

LIN'EAGE, noun

Race; progeny; descendants in a line from a common progenitor.

LIN'EAL, adjective [Latin linealis, from linea, line.]

1. Composed of lines; delineated; as lineal designs.

2. In a direct line from an ancestor; as lineal descent; lineal succession.

3. Hereditary; derived from ancestors.

4. Allied by direct descent.

For only you are lineal to the throne.

5. In the direction of a line; as lineal measure.

Lineal measure, the measure of length.

LINEAL'ITY, noun The state of being in the form of a line.

LIN'EALLY, adverb In a direct line; as, the prince is lineally descended from the conqueror.

LIN'EAMENT, noun [Latin lineamentum.]

Feature; form; make; the outline or exterior of a body or figure, particularly of the face.

Man he seems in all his lineaments.

- The lineaments of the body.

- Lineaments of a character.

LIN'EAR, adjective [Latin linearis.]

1. Pertaining to a line; consisting of lines; in a straight direction.

2. In botany, like a line; slender; of the same breadth throughout, except at the extremities; as linear leaf.

Linear numbers, in mathematics, such as have relation to length only; such is a number which represents one side of a plane figure. If the plane figure is a square, the linear figure is called a root.

Linear problem, that which may be solved geometrically by the intersection of two right lines.

LIN'EATE, adjective In botany, marked longitudinally with depressed parallel lines; as a lineate leaf.

LINEA'TION, noun Draught; delineation, which see.

LI'NED, participle passive Covered on the inside.

LIN'EN, noun [Latin linun, flax, Gr. The sense is probably long, extended or smooth. In the latter sense, it would accord with Latin linio, lenio.]

1. Cloth made of flax or hemp.

2. An under garment.

LIN'EN, adjective [Latin lineus.]

1. Made of flax or hemp; as linen cloth; a linen stocking.

2. Resembling linen cloth; white; pale.

Fossil-linen, a kind of amianth, with soft, parallel, flexible fibers.

LING, noun

A fish of the genus Gadus, or cod kind, which grows to the length of four feet or more, is very slender, with a flat head. This fish abounds on the coasts of Scotland and Ireland, and forms a considerable article of commerce.

LING, noun A species of long grass; heath.

LIN'GER, verb intransitive

1. To delay; to loiter; to remain or wait long; to be slow.

Nor cast one longing, lingering look behind.

Whose judgment now of a long time lingereth not. 2 Peter 2:3.

2. To hesitate; to be slow in deciding; to be in suspense.

Perhaps thou lingerest, in deep thought detained.

3. To remain long in any state. The patient lingers on a bed of sickness.

LIN'GER, verb transitive To protract.

LIN'GERER, noun One who lingers.

LIN'GERING, participle present tense

1. Delaying; loitering.

2. adjective Drawing out in time; remaining long; protracted; as a lingering disease.

To die is the fate of man; but to die with lingering anguish is generally his folly.

LIN'GERING, noun A delaying; a remaining long; tardiness; protraction.

The lingerings of holyday customs.

LIN'GERINGLY, adverb With delay; slowly; tediously.

LIN'GET, noun A small mass of metal.

LIN'GLE, noun Shoemaker's thread. [Not in use or local.]

LIN'GO, noun [Latin lingua.] Language; speech. [Vulgar.]

LINGUADENT'AL, adjective [Latin lingua, tongue, and dens, a tooth.]

Formed or uttered by the joint use of the tongue and teeth; as the letters d and t.

LINGUADENT'AL, noun An articulation formed by the tongue and teeth.

LIN'GUAFORM adjective [lingua and form.] Having the form or shape of the tongue.

LIN'GUAL, adjective [Latin lingua, the tongue.] Pertaining to the tongue; as the lingual nerves, the ninth pair, which go to the tongue; the lingual muscle, or muscle of the tongue.

LIN'GUIST, noun [Latin lingua, tongue.] A person skilled in languages; usually applied to a person well versed in the languages taught in colleges, Greek, Latin, and Hebrew.

LIN'GULATE, adjective [Latin lingulatus, from lingua, tongue.]

Shaped like the tongue or a strap. [But ligulate is more generally used.]

LINGWORT, noun An herb.

LIN'IMENT, noun [Latin linimentum. from linio, lino, to anoint.]

A species of soft ointment; a composition of a consistence somewhat thinner than an unguent, but thicker than oil

LI'NING, participle present tense [See Line.] Covering on the inside, as a garment.

LI'NING, noun

1. The inner covering of any thing, as of a garment or a box. The pleura is called the lining of the thorax.

2. That which is within.

LINK, noun

1. A single ring or division of a chain.

2. Any thing doubled and closed like a link; as a link of horse hair.

3. A chain; any thing connecting.

- And love, the common link the new creation crowned.

4. Any single constituent part of a connected series. This argument is a link in the chain of reasoning.

5. A series; a chain.

LINK, noun [Gr.; Latin lychnus, a lamp or candle, coinciding in elements with light.]

A torch made of tow or hards, etc., and pitch.

LINK, verb transitive

1. To complicate.

2. To unite or connect by something intervening or in other manner.

- link towns to towns by avenues of oak.

- And creature link'd to creature, man to man.

LINK, verb intransitive To be connected.

LINK'BOY,

LINK'ED, participle passive United; connected.

LINK'ED, pp. United; connected.

LINK'ING, participle present tense Uniting; connecting.

LINK'MAN, noun A boy or man that carries a link or torch to light passengers.

LIN'NET, noun [Latin carduelis, from carduus, a thistle.]

A small singing bird of the genus Fingilla.

LINSEED. [See Lintseed.]

LIN'STOCK, noun [lint and stock.] A pointed staff with a crotch or fork at one end, to hold a lighted match; used in firing cannon. It may be stuck in the ground or in the deck of a ship.

LINT, noun [Latin linteum, linteus, from linium, flax.]

Flax; but more generally, linen scraped into a soft substance, and used for dressing wounds and sores.

LINT'EL, noun

The head-piece of a door-frame or window-frame; the part of the frame that lies on the side-pieces. Exodus 12:22.

LINT'SEED, noun Flaxseed.

LI'ON, noun [Latin leo, leonis, Gr.]

1. A quadruped of the genus Felis, very strong, fierce and rapacious. The largest lions are eight or nine feet in length. The male has a thick head, beset with long bushy hair of a yellowish color. The lion is a native of Africa and the warm climates of Asia. His aspect is noble, his gait stately, and his roar tremendous.

2. A sign in the zodiac.

LI'ONESS, noun The female of the lion kind.

LI'ONLIKE, adjective Like a lion; fierce.

LIP, noun [Latin labium, labrum.]

1. The edge or border of the mouth. The lips are two fleshy or muscular parts, composing the exterior of the mouth in man and many other animals. In man, the lips, which may be opened or closed at pleasure, form the covering of the teeth, and are organs of speech essential to certain articulations. Hence the lips, by a figure, denote the mouth, or all the organs of speech, and sometimes speech itself. Job 2:10.

2. The edge of any thing; as the lip of a vessel.

3. In botany, one of the two opposite divisions of a labiate corol. The upper is called the helmet, and the lower the beard. Also, an appendage to the flowers of the orchises, considered by Linne as a nectary.

To make a lip to drop the under lip in sullenness or contempt.

LIP, verb transitive To kiss.

LIP'LABOR, noun Labor or action of the lips without concurrence of the mind; words without sentiments.

LIP'OGRAM, noun [Gr. to leave, and a letter.]

A writing in which a single letter is wholly omitted.

LIPOGRAM'MATIST, noun One who writes any thing, dropping a single letter.

LIPOTH'YMOUS, adjective [See Lipothymy.] Swooning; fainting.

LIPOTH'YMY, noun [Gr. to fail, and soul.]

A fainting; a swoon.

LIP'PED, adjective

1. Having lips.

2. In botany, labiate.

LIP'PITUDE, noun [Latin lippitudo, from lippus, blear-eyed.]

Soreness of eyes; blearedness.

LIP'WISDOM, noun Wisdom in talk without practice; wisdom in words not supported by experience.

LIQ'UABLE, adjective [See Liquate.] That may be melted.

LI'QUATE, verb intransitive [Latin liquo.] To melt; to liquefy; to be dissolved. [Little used.]

LIQUA'TION, noun [Latin liquatio. See Liquate.]

1. The act or operation of melting.

2. The capacity of being melted; as a substance congealed beyond liquation

LIQUEFAC'TION, noun [Latin liquefactio, from liquefacio.]

1. The act or operation of melting or dissolving; the conversion of a solid into a liquid by the sole agency of heat or caloric. liquefaction in common usage, signifies the melting of any substance, but by some authors it is applied to the melting of substances, which pass through intermediate states of softness before they become fluid, as tallow, was, resin, etc.

2. The state of being melted.

LIQ'UEFIABLE, adjective That may be melted, or changed from a solid to a liquid state.

LIQ'UEFIER, noun That which melts any solid substance.

LIQ'UEFY, verb transitive [Latin liquefacio. See Liquid.]

To melt; to dissolve; to convert from a fixed or solid form to that of a liquid, and technically, to melt by the sole agency of heat or caloric.

LIQ'UEFY, verb intransitive To be melted; to become liquid.

LIQ'UEFYING, participle present tense Melting; becoming liquid.

LIQUES'CENCY, noun [Latin liquescentia.] Aptness to melt.

LIQUES'CENT, adjective Melting; becoming fluid.

LIQUEUR, noun A spirituous cordial.

LIQ'UID, adjective [Latin liquidus, from liquo, to melt; lix and lug.]

1. Fluid; flowing or capable of flowing; not fixed or solid. But liquid is not precisely synonymous with fluid. Mercury and air are fluid, but not liquid

2. Soft; clear; flowing; smooth; as liquid melody.

3. Pronounced without any jar; smooth; as a liquid letter.

4. Dissolved; not obtainable by law; as a liquid debt. obsolete

LIQ'UID, noun

1. A fluid or flowing substance; a substance whose parts change their relative position on the slightest pressure, and which flows on an inclined plane; as water, wine, milk, etc.

2. In grammar, a letter which has a smooth flowing sound, or which flows smoothly after a mute; as l and r, in bla, bra. M and n are also called liquids.

LIQ'UIDATE, verb transitive [Latin liquido.]

1. To clear from all obscurity.

Time only can liquidate the meaning of all parts of a compound system.

2. To settle; to adjust; to ascertain or reduce to precision in amount.

Which method of liquidating the amercement to a precise sum, was usually performed in the superior courts.

The clerk of the commons' house of assembly in 1774, gave certificates to the public creditors that their demands were liquidated, and should be provided for in the next tax bill.

The domestic debt may be subdivided into liquidated and unliquidated.

3. To pay; to settle, adjust and satisfy; as a debt.

Kyburgh was ceded to Zuric by Sigismond, to liquidate a debt of a thousand florins.

LIQ'UIDATED, participle passive Settled; adjusted; reduced to certainty; paid.

LIQ'UIDATING, participle present tense Adjusting; ascertaining; paying.

LIQUIDA'TION, noun The act of settling and adjusting debts, or ascertaining their amount or balance due.

LIQ'UIDATOR, noun He or that which liquidates or settles.

LIQUID'ITY, noun

1. The quality of being fluid or liquid.

2. Thinness.

LIQ'UIDNESS, noun The quality of being liquid; fluency.

LIQ'UOR, noun lik'or [Latin liquor ]

A liquid or fluid substance. [See Liquid.] liquor is a word of general signification, extending to water, milk, blood, say, juice, etc.; but its most common application is to spirituous fluids, whether distilled or fermented, to decoctions, solutions, tinctures.

LIQ'UOR, verb transitive To moisten; to drench. [Little used.]

LIQUORICE. [See Licorice.]

LIS'BON, noun A species of wine exported from lisbon in Portugal.

LISNE, noun A cavity or hollow. [Not in use.]

LISP, verb intransitive

To speak with a particular articulation of the tongue and teeth, nearly as in pronouncing th. Lisping is particularly noticed in uttering th for s, as yeth for yes. It is most common in children.

I lisped in numbers, for the numbers came.

LISP, verb transitive To pronounce with a lisp; as, she lisped a few words.

LISP, noun The act of lisping, as in uttering an aspirated th for s.

LISP'ER, noun One that lisps.

LISP'ING, participle present tense Uttering with a lisp.

LISP'INGLY, adverb With a lisp.

LIST, noun [Latin licium.]

1. In commerce, the border, edge or selvage of cloth; a strip of cloth forming the border, particularly of broadcloth, and serving to strengthen it.

2. A line inclosing or forming the extremity of a piece of ground, or field of combat; hence, the ground or field inclosed for a race or combat. Hence, to enter the lists, is to accept a challenge or engage in contest. Hence,

3. A limit or boundary; a border.

4. In architecture, a little square molding; a fillet; called also a listel.

5. A roll or catalogue, that is, a row or line; as a list of names; a list of books; a list of articles; a list of ratable estate.

6. A strip of cloth; a fillet.

Civil list in Great Britain and the United States, the civil officers of government, as judges, embassadors, secretaries, etc. Hence it is used for the revenues or appropriations of public money for the support of the civil officers.

LIST, verb transitive [from list a roll.]

1. To enroll; to register in a list or catalogue; to enlist. The latter is the more elegant word. Hence,

2. To engage in the public service, as soldiers.

They in my name are listed.

3. To inclose for combat; as, to list a field.

4. To sew together, as strips of cloth; or to form a border.

5. To cover with a list or with strips of cloth; as, to list a door.

6. To hearken; to attend; a contraction of listen, which see.

LIST, verb intransitive To engage in public service by enrolling one's name; to enlist. [The latter is the more elegant word. See Enlist.]

LIST, verb intransitive [See the noun.]

Properly, to lean or incline; to be propense; hence, to desire or choose.

Let other men think of your devices as they list

The wind bloweth where it listeth. John 3:8.

LIST, noun In the language of seamen, an inclination to one side. The ship has a list to port.

LIST'ED, participle passive

1. Striped; particolored in stripes.

2. Covered with list.

3. Inclosed for combat.

4. Engaged in public service; enrolled.

LIST'EL, noun A list in architecture; a fillet.

LIST'EN, verb intransitive lis'n.

1. To hearken; to give ear; to attend closely with a view to hear.

On the green bank I sat, and listened long.

2. To obey; to yield to advice; to follow admonition.

LIS'TEN, verb transitive lis'n. To hear; to attend.

LIST'ENER, noun One who listens; a hearkener.

LIST'ER, noun One who makes a list or roll.

LIST'FUL, adjective Attentive. obsolete

LIST'ING, participle present tense Inclosing for combat; covering with list; enlisting.

LIST'LESS, adjective Not listening; not attending; indifferent to what is passing; heedless; inattentive; thoughtless; careless; as a listless hearer or spectator.

LIST'LESSLY, adverb Without attention; heedlessly.

LIST'LESSNESS, noun Inattention; heedlessness; indifference to what is passing and may be interesting.

LIT, preterit tense of light. The bird lit on a tree before me.

I lit my pipe with the paper.

[This word, though used by some good writers, is very inelegant.]

LIT'ANY, noun [Gr. supplication, to pray.]

A solemn form of supplication, used in public worship.

Supplications for the appeasing of God's wrath, were by the Greek church termed litanies, by the Latin, rogations.

LITE, adjective Little. [Not in use.]

LITER, noun [Gr.] A French measure of capacity, being a cubic decimeter, containing, according to Lunier, about a pint and a half old French measure. The liter is equal to 60, 02800 cubic inches, or nearly 2 1/8 wine pints.

LIT'ERAL, adjective [Latin litera, a letter.]

1. According to the letter; primitive; real; not figurative or metaphorical; as the literal meaning of a phrase.

2. Following the letter or exact words; not free; as a literal translation.

3. Consisting of letters.

The literal notation of numbers was known to Europeans before the ciphers.

LIT'ERAL, noun literal meaning. [Not used.]

LIT'ERALISM, noun That which accords with the letter.

LITERAL'ITY, noun Original or literal meaning.

LIT'ERALLY, adverb

1. According to the primary and natural import of words; not figuratively. A man and his wife cannot be literally one flesh.

2. With close adherence to words; word by word.

So wild and ungovernable a poet cannot be translated literally

LIT'ERARY, adjective [Latin literarius.]

1. Pertaining to letters or literature; respecting learning or learned men; as a literary history; literary conversation.

2. Derived from erudition; as literary fame.

3. Furnished with erudition; versed in letters; as a literary man.

4. Consisting in letters, or written or printed compositions; as literary property.

LIT'ERATE, adjective [Latin literatus.] Learned; lettered; instructed in learning and science.

LITERA'TI, noun plural [Latin literatus.] The learned; men of erudition.

LIT'ERATOR, noun [Latin] A petty schoolmaster.

LIT'ERATURE, noun [Latin literatura.] Learning; acquaintance with letters or books. literature comprehends a knowledge of the ancient languages, denominated classical, history, grammar, rhetoric, logic, geography, etc. as well as of the sciences. A knowledge of the world and good breeding give luster to literature

LITH, noun A joint or limb. obsolete

LITHAN'THRAX, noun [Gr. a stone, and a coal.]

Stone-coal, a black, compact, brittle, inflammable substance, of laminated texture, more or less shining.

LITH'ARGE, noun [Latin lithargyros, Gr. the spume or scum of silver.

A semi-vitreous oxyd of lead, produced in refining silver by cupellation with lead. It appears in the form of soft flakes, or semi-transparent shining plates.

LITHE, adjective That may be easily bent; pliant; flexible; limber; as the elephant's lithe proboscis.

LITHE, verb transitive

1. To smooth; to soften; to palliate. obsolete

2. To listen. obsolete

LI'THENESS, noun Flexibility; limberness.

LI'THER, adjective

1. Soft; pliant. obsolete

2. Bad; corrupt. obsolete

LI'THERLY, adverb Slowly; lazily. obsolete

LI'THERNESS, noun Idleness; laziness. obsolete

LITH'IA, noun A new alkali, found in a mineral called petalite, of which the basis is a metal called lithium.

LITH'IATE, noun [Gr. a stone.] A salt or compound formed by the lithic acid combined with a base.

LITH'IC, adjective [supra.] Pertaining to the stone in the bladder. The lithic acid is obtained from a calculus in the bladder.

LITHOBIBLION. [See Lithophyl.]

LITH'OCARP, noun [Gr. a stone, and fruit.] Fossil fruit; fruit petrified.

LITH'OCOLLA, noun [Gr. a stone, and glue.] A cement that unites stones.

LITHODEN'DRON, noun [Gr. stone, and tree.] Coral; so called from its resembling a petrified branch.

LITHOGEN'ESY, noun [Gr. stone, and generation.]

The doctrine or science of the origin of minerals composing the globe, and of the causes which have produced their form and disposition.

LITHOGLYPH'ITE, noun [Gr. stone, and to engrave.]

A fossil that presents the appearance of being engraved or shaped by art.

LITHOG'RAPHER, noun [See Lithography.] One who practices lithography.

LITHOGRAPH'IC,

LITHOGRAPH'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to lithography.

LITHOGRAPH'ICAL, a. Pertaining to lithography.

LITHOGRAPH'ICALLY, adverb By the lithographic art.

LITHOG'RAPHY, noun [Gr. stone, and to engrave or write.]

The art of engraving, or of tracing letters, figures or other designs on stone, and of transferring them to paper by impression; an art recently invented by Mr. Sennefelder of Munich, in Bavaria.

LITHOLOG'IC,

LITHOLOG'ICAL, adjective [See Lithology.]

Pertaining to the science of stones.

LITHOLOG'ICAL, a. [See Lithology.]

LITHOL'OGIST, noun A person skilled in the science of stones.

LITHOL'OGY, noun [Gr. stone, and discourse.]

1. The science or natural history of stones.

2. A treatise on stones found in the body.

LITH'OMANCY, noun [Gr. stone, and divination.]

Divination or prediction of events by means of stones.

LITHOMAR'GA,

LITH'OMARGE, noun [Gr. stone, and Latin marga, marl.]

An earth of two species, friable and indurated, more siliceous than aluminous, distinguished by its great fineness and its fusibility into a soft slag.

LITHONTRIP'TIC, adjective [Gr. stone, and to wear or break.]

Having the quality of dissolving the stone in the bladder or kidneys.

LITHONTRIP'TIC, noun A medicine which has the power of dissolving the stone in the bladder or kidneys; a solvent of stone in the human urinary passage.

LITH'ONTRIPTOR,

LITH'ONTRIPTY,

LITHOPH'AGOUS, adjective [Gr. stone, and to eat.]

Eating or swallowing stones or gravel, as the ostrich.

LITH'ONTRIPTY,

LITH'OPHOSPHOR, noun [Gr. stone.]

LITHOPHOSPHOR'IC, adjective Pertaining to lithophosphor; becoming phosphoric by heat.

LITH'OPHYL, noun [Gr. stone, and a leaf.

Bibliolite or lithobiblion, fossil leaves, or the figures of leaves on fossils.

LITH'OPHYTE, noun [Gr. stone, and a plant; literally, stone-plant.]

Stone-coral; a name given to those species of polypiers, whose substance is stony. The older naturalists classed them with vegetables.

LITHOPHYT'IC, adjective Pertaining to lithophytes.

LITH'OPHYTOUS, adjective Pertaining to or consisting of lithophytes.

LITH'OTOME, noun [Gr. stone, and to cut.]

A stone so formed naturally as to appear as if cut artificially.

LITHOTOM'IC, adjective Pertaining to or performed by lithotomy.

LITHOT'OMIST, noun [See Lithotomy.] One who performs the operation of cutting for the stone in the bladder; or one who is skilled in the operation.

LITHOT'OMY, noun [Gr. stone, and to cut.]

The operation, art or practice of cutting for the stone in the bladder.

LITH'OTRITOR, noun An instrument for triturating the stone in the bladder, so that it may be extracted without cutting; recently invented by Dr. Civiale.

LITH'OTRITY, noun The operation of triturating the stone in the bladder, by means of an instrument called lithotritor.

LITHOX'YLE, noun [Gr. stone, and wood.]

Petrified wood. It differs from lignite, being really changed into stone; such as silicified woods, which are changed into varieties of silex, etc.

LITH'Y, adjective [See Lithe.] Easily bent; pliable. [This is probably the word which, in our popular use, is pronounced lathy.]

LIT'IGANT, adjective [See Litigate.] Contending in law; engaged in a lawsuit; as the parties litigant

LIT'IGANT, noun A person engaged in a lawsuit.

LIT'IGATE, verb transitive [Latin litigo, from lis, litis, a contest or debate.]

To contest in law; to prosecute or defend by pleadings, exhibition of evidence, and judicial debate; as, to litigate a cause or a question.

LIT'IGATE, verb intransitive To dispute in law; to carry on a suit by judicial process.

LIT'IGATED, participle passive Contested judicially.

LIT'IGATING, participle present tense Contesting in law.

LITIGA'TION, noun The act or process of carrying on a suit in a court of law or equity for the recovery of a right or claim; a judicial contest.

LITIG'IOUS, adjective [Latin litigiosus.]

1. Inclined to judicial contest; given to the practice of contending in law; quarrelsome; contentious; applied to persons. a litigious man is a bad neighbor and a bad citizen.

2. Disputable; controvertible; subject to contention; as litigious right.

No fences, parted fields, nor marks nor bounds, distinguish'd acres of litigious grounds.

LITIG'IOUSLY, adverb In a contentious manner.

LITIG'IOUSNESS, noun A disposition to engage in or carry on lawsuits; inclination to judicial contests.

LIT'MUS,

LIT'ORN, noun A bird, a species of thrush, in size and shape resembling the hen-blackbird.

LIT'ORN, n. A bird, a species of thrush, in size and shape resembling the hen-blackbird.

LIT'OTE, noun [Gr. slender. diminution; extenuation.

LIT'TER, noun [Latin lectus, from the root of lego, Eng. lay.]

1. A vehicle formed with shafts supporting a bed between them, in which a person may be borne by men or by a horse. If by the latter, it is called a horse-litter. A similar vehicle in India is called a palanquin.

2. Straw, hay or other soft substance, used as a bed for horses and for other purposes.

3. A brood of young pigs, kittens, puppies or other quadrupeds. The word is applied only to certain quadrupeds of the smaller kinds.

4. A birth of pigs or other small animals.

5. Waste matters, shreds, fragments and the like, scattered on a floor or other clean place.

LIT'TER, verb transitive

1. To bring forth young, as swine and other small quadrupeds. It is sometimes applied to human beings in contempt.

2. To scatter over carelessly with shreds, fragments and the like; as, to litter a room or a carpet.

3. To cover with straw or hay; as, to litter a stable.

4. To supply with litter; as to litter cattle.

LIT'TERED, participle passive

1. Furnished with straw.

2. adjective Covered or overspread with litter, pieces, shreds, etc.

LIT'TLE, adjective

1. Small in size or extent; not great or large; as a little body; a little animal; a little piece of ground; a little table; a little book; a little hill; a little distance; a little child.

2. Short in duration; as a little time or season; a little sleep.

3. Small in quantity or amount; as a little hay or grass; a little food; a little sum; a little light; a little air or water.

4. Of small dignity, power or importance.

When thou wast little in thy own sight, wast thou not made the head of the tribes? 1 Samuel 15:17.

5. Of small force or effect; slight; inconsiderable; as little attention or exertions; little effort; little care or diligence, little weight.

LIT'TLE, noun

1. A small quantity or amount. He demanded much and obtained little He had little of his father's liberality.

2. A small space.

Much was in little writ -

3. Any thing small, slight or of inconsiderable importance.

I view with anger and disdain.

How little gives thee joy and pain.

4. Not much.

These they are fitted for, and little else.

LIT'TLE, adverb

1. In a small degree; slightly; as, he is little changed. It is a little discolored.

2. Not much; in a small quantity or space of time. He sleeps little

3. In some degree; slightly; sometimes preceded by adjective The liquor is a little sour or astringent.

LIT'TLENESS, noun

1. Smallness of size or bulk; as the littleness of the body or of an animal.

2. Meanness; want of grandeur; as littleness of conception.

3. Want of dignity. Contemplations on the majesty of God displayed in his works, may awaken in us a sense of our own littleness

4. Meanness; penuriousness.

LIT'TORAL, adjective [Latin littoralis, from litus, shore.] Belonging to a shore. [Little used.]

LIT'UITE, noun A fossil shell.

LITUR'GICAL, adjective [See Liturgy.] Pertaining to a liturgy.

LIT'URGY, noun [Gr. public, and work.

In a general sense, all public ceremonies that belong to divine service; hence, in a restricted sense, among the Romanists, the mass; and among protestants, the common prayer, or the formulary of public prayers.

LIVE, verb intransitive liv.

1. To abide; to dwell; to have settled residence in any place. Where do you live? I live in London. He lives in Philadelphia. He lives in a large house on Second street. The Swiss live on mountains. The Bedouin Arabs live in the dessert.

2. To continue; to be permanent; not to perish.

Men's evil manners live in brass; their virtues we write in water.

3. To be animated; to have the vital principle; to have the bodily functions in operation, or in a capacity to operate, as respiration, circulation of blood, secretions, etc.; applied to animals.

I am Joseph; doth my father yet live? Genesis 45:3.

4. To have the principles of vegetable life; to be in a state in which the organs do or may perform their functions in the circulation of sap and in growth; applied to plants. This tree will not live unless watered; it will not live through the winter.

5. To pass life or time in a particular manner, with regard to habits or condition. In what manner does your son live? Does he live according to the dictates of reason and the precepts of religion?

If we act by several broken views, we shall live and die in misery.

6. To continue in life. The way to live long is to be temperate.

7. To live emphatically; to enjoy life; to be in a state of happiness.

What greater curse could envious fortune give, than just to die, when I began to live?

8. To feed; to subsist; to be nourished and supported in life; as, horses live on grass or grain; fowls live on seeds or insects; some kinds of fish live on others; carnivorous animals live on flesh.

9. To subsist; to be maintained in life; to be supported. Many of the clergy are obliged to live on small salaries. All men in health may live by industry with economy, yet some men live by robbery.

10. To remain undestroyed; to float; not to sink or founder. It must be a good ship that lives at sea in a hurricane.

Nor can our shaken vessels live at sea.

11. To exist; to have being.

As I live saith the Lord - Ezekiel 18:3.

12. In Scripture, to be exempt from death, temporal or spiritual.

Ye shall therefore keep my statutes and judgments, which if a man do, he shall live in them. Leviticus 18:5.

13. To recover from sickness; to have life prolonged.

Thy son liveth. John 4:1.

14. To be inwardly quickened, nourished and actuated by divine influence or faith. Galatians 2:14.

15. To be greatly refreshed, comforted and animated.

For now we live if ye stand fast in the Lord. 1 Thessalonians 3:8.

16. To appear as in life or reality; to be manifest in real character.

And all the writer lives in every line.

1. To live with, to dwell or to be a lodger with.

2. To cohabit; to have intercourse, as male and female.

LIVE, verb transitive liv.

1. To continue in constantly or habitually; as, to live a life of ease.

2. To act habitually in conformity to.

It is not enough to say prayers, unless they live them too.

LIVE, adjective

1. Having life; having respiration and other organic functions in operation, or in a capacity to operate; not dead; as a live ox.

2. Having vegetable life; as a live plant.

3. Containing fire; ignited; not extinct; as a live coal.

4. Vivid, as color.

LIVELESS, not used. [See Lifeless.]

LI'VELINESS, noun [from lively.]

1. The quality or state of being lively or animated; sprightliness; vivacity; animation; spirit; as the liveliness of youth, contrasted with the gravity of age.

2. An appearance of life, animation or spirit; as the liveliness of the eye or countenance in a portrait.

3. Briskness; activity; effervescence, as of liquors.

LIVELODE, for livelihood, not used.

LIVELONG, adjective liv'long. [live and long.]

1. Long in passing.

How could she sit the livelong day, yet never ask us once to play?

2. Lasting; durable; as a livelong monument. [Not used.]

3. A plant of the genus Sedum.

LI'VELY, adjective

1. Brisk; vigorous; vivacious; active; as a lively youth.

2. Gay; airy.

From grave to gay, from lively to severe.

3. Representing life; as a lively imitation of nature.

4. Animated; spirited; as a lively strain of eloquence; a lively description.

5. Strong; energetic; as a lively faith or hope; a lively persuasion.

Lively stones, in scripture. Saints are called lively stones, as being quickened by the Spirit and active in holiness.

LI'VELY, adverb

1. Briskly; vigorously. [Little used.]

2. With strong resemblance of life.

That part of poetry must needs be best, which describes most lively our actions and passions. [Little used.]

LIV'ER, noun One who lives.

And try if life be worth the liver's care.

It is often used with a word of qualification; as a high liver; a loose liver etc.

LIV'ER, noun

A viscus or intestine of considerable size and of a reddish color, convex on the anterior and superior side, and of an unequal surface on the inferior and posterior side. It is situated under the false ribs, in the right hypochondrium. It consists of two lobes, of a glandular substance, and destined for the secretion of the bile.

LIV'ERCOLOR, adjective Dark red; of the color of the liver.

LIV'ERED, adjective Having a liver; as white-livered.

LIV'ERGROWN, adjective Having a large liver.

LIV'ERSTONE, noun A stone or species of earth of the barytic genus, of a gray or brown color, which, when rubbed or heated to redness, emits the smell of liver of sulphur, or alkaline sulphuret.

LIV'ERWORT, noun The name of many species of plants. Several of the lichens are so called. The liverworts (Hepaticae) are a natural order of cryptogamian plants whose herbage is generally frondose, and resembling the leafy lichens, but whose seeds are contained in a distinct capsule. The noble liverwort is the Anemone hepatica.

LIV'ERY, noun

1. The act of delivering possession of lands or tenements; a term of English law. It is usual to say, livery of seisin, which is feudal investiture, made by the delivery of a turf, of a rod or twig, from the feoffor to the feoffee. In America, no such ceremony is necessary to a conveyance of real estate, the delivery of a deed being sufficient.

2. Release from wardship; deliverance.

3. The writ by which possession os obtained.

4. The state of being kept at a certain rate; as, to keep horses at livery

5. A form of dress by which noblemen and gentlemen distinguish their servants. The Romish church has also liveries for confessors, virgins, apostles, martyrs, penitents, etc. Hence,

6. A particular dress or garb, appropriate or peculiar to particular times or things; as the livery of May; the livery of autumn.

Now came still evening on, and twilight gray had in her sober livery all things clad.

7. The whole body of liverymen in London.

LIV'ERY, verb transitive To clothe in livery

LIV'ERYMAN, noun

1. One who wears a livery; as a servant.

2. In London, a freeman of the city, of some distinction. the liverymen are chosen from among the freemen of each company, and from their number are elected the common council, sheriff and other superior officers of the city. They alone have the right of voting for members of parliament.

LIVES, noun plural of life.

LI'VESTOCK, noun [live and stock.] Horses, cattle and smaller domestic animals; a term applied in America to such animals as may be exported alive for foreign market.

LIV'ID, adjective [Latin lividus; from liveo, to be black and blue.]

Black and blue; of a lead color; discolored, as flesh by contusion.

Upon my livid lips bestow a kiss.

LIVID'ITY,

LIV'IDNESS, noun A dark color, like that of bruised flesh. [Lividness is the preferable word.]

LIV'IDNESS, n. A dark color, like that of bruised flesh. [Lividness is the preferable word.]

LIV'ING, participle present tense [from live.]

1. Dwelling; residing; existing; subsisting; having life or the vital functions in operation; not dead.

2. adjective Issuing continually from the earth; running; flowing; as a living spring or fountain; opposed to stagnant.

3. adjective Producing action, animation and vigor; quickening; as a living principle; a living faith.

LIV'ING, noun He or those who are alive; usually with a plural signification; as in the land of the living

The living will lay it to his heart. Ecclesiastes 7:2.

LIV'ING, noun

1. Means of subsistence; estate.

He divided to them his living Luke 15:12.

She of her want, did cast in all that she had, even all her living Mark 12:44.

2. Power of continuing life. There is no living with a scold.

There is no living without trusting some body or other in some cases.

3. Livelihood. He made a living by his occupation. The woman spins for a living

4. The benefice of a clergyman. He lost his living by non-conformity.

LIV'INGLY, adverb In a living state.

Livonica terra, a species of fine bole found in Livonia, brought to market in little cakes.

LI'VRE, noun [Latin libra.] A French money of account, equal to 20 sous, or ten pence sterling.

LIXIV'IAL,

LIXIV'IATE,

LIXIV'IATED, adjective

1. Pertaining to lye or lixivium; of the quality of alkaline salts.

2. Impregnated with salts from wood ashes.

LIXIV'IATE, verb transitive [Latin lixivia, lixivium, lye.] To form lye; to impregnate with lye; to impregnate with salts from wood ashes. Water is lixiviated by passing through ashes.

LIXIVIA'TION, noun The operation or process of extracting alkaline salts from ashes by pouring water on them, the water passing through them imbibing the salts.

LIXIV'IOUS, adjective [Latin lixivius, from lix lye.]

1. Obtained by lixiviation; impregnated with alkaline salt extracted from wood ashes. Lixivial salts are those which are obtained by passing water through ashes, or by pouring it on them.

2. Containing salt extracted from the ashes of wood.

3. Of the color of lye; resembling lye.

4. Having the qualities of alkaline salts from wood ashes.

LIXIV'IUM, noun [Latin from lix, lye.]

Lye; water impregnated with alkaline salts imbibed from wood ashes. It is sometimes applied to other extracts.

LIZ'ARD, noun [Latin lacertus, lacerta, there has been a change of c into z or s, which may be the fact.]

In zoology, a genus of amphibious animals, called Lacerta, and comprehending the crocodile, alligator, chameleon, salamander, etc. But the name, in common life, is applied to the smaller species of this genus, and of these there is a great variety. These animals are ranked in the order of reptiles. The body is naked, with four feet and a tail. The body is thicker and more tapering than that of the serpent.