GRAB'BLE, verb intransitive [Eng. scrabble; allied to rub, or Latin rapio, or to both.]

1. To grope; to feel with the hands.

2. To lie prostrate on the belly; to sprawl.

GRAB'BLING, participle present tense Groping; feeling along; sprawling.

GRACE, noun [Latin gratia, which is formed on the Celtic; Eng. agree, congruous, and ready. The primary sense of gratus, is free, ready, quick, willing, prompt, from advancing.]

1. Favor; good will; kindness; disposition to oblige another; as a grant made as an act of grace

Or each, or all, may win a lady's grace

2. Appropriately, the free unmerited love and favor of God, the spring and source of all the benefits men receive from him.

And if by grace then it is no more of works. Romans 11:5.

3. Favorable influence of God; divine influence or the influence of the spirit, in renewing the heart and restraining from sin.

My grace is sufficient for thee. 2 Corinthians 12:9.

4. The application of Christ's righteousness to the sinner.

Where sin abounded, grace did much more abound. Romans 5:2.

5. A state of reconciliation to God. Romans 5:2:2.

6. Virtuous or religious affection or disposition, as a liberal disposition, faith, meekness, humility, patience, etc. proceeding from divine influence.

7. Spiritual instruction, improvement and edification. Ephesians 4:29.

8. Apostleship, or the qualifications of an apostle. Ephesians 3:8.

9. Eternal life; final salvation. 1 Peter 1:13.

10. Favor; mercy; pardon.

Bow and sue for grace

With suppliant knee.

11. Favor conferred.

I should therefore esteem it a great favor and grace

12. Privilege.

To few great Jupiter imparts this grace

13. That in manner, deportment or language which renders it appropriate and agreeable; suitableness; elegance with appropriate dignity. We say, a speaker delivers his address with grace; a man performs his part with grace

GRACE was in all her steps.

Her purple habit sits with such a grace

On her smooth shoulders.

14. Natural or acquired excellence; any endowment that recommends the possessor to others; as the graces of wit and learning.

15. Beauty; embellishment; in general, whatever adorns and recommends to favor; sometimes, a single beauty.

I pass their form and every charming grace

16. Beauty deified; among pagans, a goddess. The graces were three in number, Aglaia, Thalia, and Euphrosyne, the constant attendants of Venus.

The loves delighted, and the graces played.

17. Virtue physical; as the grace of plants. [Not used.]

18. The title of a duke or an archbishop, and formerly of the king of England, meaning your goodness or clemency. His grace the Duke of York. Your grace will please to accept my thanks.

19. A short prayer before or after meat; a blessing asked, or thanks rendered.

20. In music, graces signifies turns, trills and shakes introduced for embellishment.

Day in grace in theology, time of probation, when an offer is made to sinners.

Days in grace in commerce, the days immediately following the day when a bill or note becomes due, which days are allowed to the debtor or payor to make payment in. In Great Britain and the United States the days of grace are three, but in other countries more; the usages of merchants being different.

GRACE, verb transitive To adorn; to decorate; to embellish and dignify.

Great Jove and Phoebus graced his noble line.

And hail, ye fair, of every charm possess'd,

Who grace this rising empire of the west.

1. To dignify or raise by act of favor; to honor.

He might at his pleasure grace or disgrace whom

he would in court.

2. To favor; to honor.

3. To supply with heavenly grace

GRA'CED, participle passive Adorned; embellished; exalted; dignifies; honored.

1. Beautiful; graceful. [Not in use.]

2. Virtuous; regular; chaste. [Not in use.]

GRA'CEFUL, adjective Beautiful with dignity; elegant; agreeable in appearance, with an expression of dignity or elevation of mind or manner; used particularly of motion, looks and speech; as a graceful walk; a graceful deportment; a graceful speaker; a graceful air.

High o'er the rest in arms the graceful Turnus

rode.

GRA'CEFULLY, adverb With a pleasing dignity; elegantly; with a natural ease and propriety; as, to walk or speak gracefully

GRA'CEFULNESS, noun Elegance of manner or deportment; beauty with dignity in manner, motion or countenance. gracefulness consists in the natural ease and propriety of an action, accompanied with a countenance expressive of dignity or elevation of mind. Happy is the man who can add the gracefulness of ease to the dignity of merit.

GRA'CELESS, adjective Void of grace; corrupt; depraved; unregenerate; unsanctified.

GRA'CELESSLY, adverb Without grace.

GRA'CES, noun Good graces favor; friendship.

GRAC'ILE, adjective [Latin gracilis.] Slender. [Not in use.]

GRACIL'ITY, noun Slenderness. [Not in use.]

GRA'CIOUS, adjective [Latin gratiosus.]

1. Favorable; kind; friendly; as, the envoy met with a gracious reception.

2. Favorable; kind; benevolent; merciful; disposed to forgive offenses and impart unmerited blessings.

Thou are a God ready to pardon, gracious and

merciful. Nehemiah 9:17.

3. Favorable; expressing kindness and favor.

All bore him witness, and wondered at the gracious words which proceeded from his mouth. Luke 4:22.

4. Proceeding from divine grace; as a person in a gracious state.

5. Acceptable; favored.

He made us gracious before the kings of Persia. [Little used.] 1 Esdras.

6. Renewed or implanted by grace; as gracious affections.

7. Virtuous; good.

8. Excellent; graceful; becoming.

GRA'CIOUSLY, adverb Kindly; favorably; in a friendly manner; with kind condescension.

His testimony he graciously confirmed.

1. In a pleasing manner.

GRA'CIOUSNESS, noun Kind condescension.

1. Possession of graces or good qualities.

2. Pleasing manner.

3. Mercifulness.

CRACK'LE, noun [Latin graculus.]

A genus of birds, the Gracula, of which the crow-blackbird is a species.

GRADA'TION, noun [Latin gradatio.]

1. A series of ascending steps or degrees, or a proceeding step by step; hence, progress from one degree or state to another; a regular advance from step to step. We observe a gradation in the progress of society from a rude to civilized life. Men may arrive by several gradations to the most horrid impiety.

2. A degree in any order or series; we observe a gradation in the scale of being, from brute to mane, from man to angels.

3. Order; series; regular process by degrees or steps; as a gradation in argument or description.

GRAD'ATORY, adjective Proceeding step by step.

GRAD'ATORY, noun Steps from the cloisters into the church.

GRAD'AUL, noun An order of steps.

1. A grail; an ancient book of hymns and prayers.

GRADE, noun [Latin gradus, a step. gradior, to step to go, rota. We observe further that the Latin gradior forms gressus, by a common change of d to s; Heb. to descend.]

1. A degree or rank in order or dignity, civil, military or ecclesiastical.

While questions, periods, and grades and privileges are never once formally discussed.

2. A step or degree in any ascending series; as crimes of every grade

When we come to examine the intermediate grades.

GRA'DIENT, adjective [Latin gradiens, gradior.] Moving by steps; walking; as gradient automata.

GRAD'UAL, adjective Proceeding by steps or degrees; advancing step by step; passing from one step to another; regular and slow; as a gradual increase of knowledge; a gradual increase of light in the morning is favorable to the eyes.

1. Proceeding by degrees in a descending line or progress; as a gradual decline.

GRAD'UALLY, adverb By degrees; step by step; regularly; slowly. At evening the light vanishes gradually

1. In degree. [Not used.]

Human reason doth not only gradually but specifically differ from the fantastic reason of brutes.

GRAD'UATE, verb transitive [Latin gradus, a degree.]

1. To honor with a degree or diploma, in a college or university; to confer a degree on; as, to graduate a master of arts.

2. To mark with degrees, regular intervals, or division; as, to graduate a thermometer.

3. To form shades or nice differences.

4. To raise to a higher place in the scale of metals.

5. To advance by degrees; to improve.

Dyers advance and graduate their colors with salts.

6. To temper; to prepare.

Diseases originating in the atmosphere act exclusively on bodies graduated to receive their impressions.

7. To mark degrees or differences of any kind; as, to graduate punishment.

8. In chimistry, to bring fluids to a certain degree of consistency.

GRAD'UATE, verb intransitive To receive a degree from a college or university.

1. To pass by degrees; to change gradually. Sandstone which graduates into gneiss, Carnelian sometimes graduates into quartz.

GRAD'UATE, noun One who has received a degree in a college or university, or from some professional incorporated society.

GRAD'UATED, participle passive Honored with a degree or diploma from some learned society or college.

1. Marked with degrees or regular intervals; tempered.

GRAD'UATESHIP, noun The state of a graduate.

GRAD'UATING, participle present tense Honoring with a degree; marking with degrees.

GRADUA'TION, noun Regular progression by succession of degrees.

1. Improvement; exaltation of qualities.

2. The act of conferring or receiving academical degrees.

3. The act of marking with degrees.

4. The process of bringing a liquid to a certain consistence by evaporation.

GRAD'UATOR, noun An instrument for dividing any line, right or curve, into equal parts.

GRAFF, noun [See Grave.] A ditch or moat.

GRAFF, for graft.

GR'AFT, noun [Latin scribo, the sense of which is to scrape or to dig.]

A small shoot or cion of a tree, inserted in another tree as the stock which is to support and nourish it. These unite and become one tree, but the graft determines the kind of fruit.

GR'AFT, verb transitive To insert a cion or shoot, or a small cutting of it, into another tree.

1. To propagate by insertion or inoculation.

2. To insert in a body to which it did not originally belong. Romans 11:17.

3. To impregnate with a foreign branch.

4. To join one thing to another so as to receive support from it.

And graft my love immortal on thy fame.

GR'AFT, verb intransitive To practice the insertion of foreign cions on a stock.

GR'AFTED, participle passive Inserted on a foreign stock.

GR'AFTER, noun One who inserts cions on foreign stocks, or propagates fruit by ingrafting.

GR'AFTING, participle present tense Inserting cions on different stocks.

Note. The true original orthography of this word is graff; but graft has superseded the original word, as it has in the compound ingraft.

GRAIL, noun [Latin graduale.] A book of offices in the Romish church.

GRAIL, noun Small particles of any kind.

GRAIN, noun [Latin granum.]

1. Any small hard mass; as a grain of sand or gravel. Hence,

2. A single seed or hard seed of a plant, particularly of those kinds whose seeds are used for food of man or beast. This is usually inclosed in a proper shell or covered with a husk, and contains the embryo of a new plant. Hence,

3. grain without a definitive, signifies corn in general, or the fruit of certain plants which constitutes the chief food of man and beast, as wheat, rye, barley, oats and maiz.

4. A minute particle.

5. A small weight, or the smallest weight ordinarily used, being the twentieth part of the scruple in apothecaries' weight, and the twenty fourth of a pennyweight troy.

6. A component part of stones and metals.

7. The veins or fibers of wood or other fibrous substance; whence, cross-grained, and against the grain

8. The body or substance of wood as modified by the fibers.

Hard box, and linden of a softer grain

9. The body or substance of a thing considered with respect to the size, form or direction of the constituent particles; as stones of a fine grain

The tooth of a sea-horse, contains a curdled grain

10. Any thing proverbially small; a very small particle or portion; as a grain of wit or of common sense.

Neglect not to make use of any grain of grace.

11. Dyed or stained substance.

All in a robe of darkest grain

12. The direction of the fibers of wood or other fibrous substance; hence the phrase, against the grain applied to animals, that is, against their natural tempers.

13. The heart or temper; as brothers not united in grain

14. The form of the surface of any thing with respect to smoothness or roughness; state of the grit of any body composed of grains; as sandstone of a fine grain

15. A tine, prong or spike.

A grain of allowance, a small allowance or indulgence; a small portion to be remitted; something above or below just weight.

To dye in grain is to dye in the raw material, as wool or silk before it is manufactured.

GRAIN, verb intransitive To yield fruit.

GRAIN, or GRANE, for groan. [Not in use.]

GRA'INED, adjective Rough; made less smooth.

1. Dyed in grain; ingrained.

GRA'INER, noun A lixivium obtained by infusing pigeon's dung in water; used by tanners to give flexibility to skins.

GRA'INING, noun Indentation.

1. A fish of the dace kind.

GRAINS, noun [in the plural.] The husks or remains of malt after brewing, or of any grain after distillation.

GRAINS of paradise, an Indian spice, the seeds of a species of Amomum.

GRA'INSTAFF, noun A quarter-staff.

GRA'INY, adjective Full of grains or corn; full of kernels.

GRAITH, verb transitive To prepare. [See Greith and Ready.]

GRAL'LIC, adjective [Latin gralloe, stilts, crutches.] Stilted; an epithet given to an order of fowls having long legs, naked above the knees, which fit them for wading in water.

GRAM, adjective Angry.

GRAM, noun [Gr. the twenty fourth part of an ounce.]

In the new system of French weights, the unity of weights. It is the weight of a quantity of distilled water equal to a cubic centimeter, or 18 grains French, or du poids de marc, equal to 15.444 grains troy.

GRAMERCY, for Fr. grand-merci, is not in use. It formerly was used to express obligation.

GRAMIN'EAL

GRAMIN'EOUS, adjective [Latin gramineus, from gramen, grass.]

Grassy; like or pertaining to grass. Gramineous plants are those which have simple leaves, a jointed stem, a husky calyx, termed glume, and a single seed. This description however includes several sorts of corn, as well as grass.

GRAMIN'EOUS, a. [L. gramineus, from gramen, grass.]

Grassy; like or pertaining to grass. Gramineous plants are those which have simple leaves, a jointed stem, a husky calyx, termed glume, and a single seed. This description however includes several sorts of corn, as well as grass.

GRAMINIV'OROUS, adjective [Latin gramen, grass, and voro, to eat.]

Feeding or subsisting on grass. The ox and all the bovine genus of quadrupeds are graminivorous animals; so also the horse or equine genus.

GRAM'MAR, noun [Latin grammatica; Gr. a letter, to write.]

1. In practice, the art of speaking or writing a language with propriety or correctness, according to established usage.

As a science, grammar treats of the natural connection between ideas and words, and develops the principles which are common to all languages.

2. A system of general principles and of particular rules for speaking or writing a language; or digested compilation of customary forms of speech in a nation; also, a book containing such principles and rules.

3. Propriety of speech. To write grammar we must write according to the practice of good writers and speakers.

GRAM'MAR, verb intransitive To discourse according to the rules of grammar

GRAM'MAR, adjective Belonging to or contained in grammar; as a grammar rule.

GRAMMA'RIAN, noun One versed in grammar, or the construction of languages; a philologist.

1. One who teaches grammar.

GRAMMAT'ICAL, adjective Belonging to grammar; as a grammatical rule.

1. According to the rules of grammar. We say, a sentence is not grammatical; the construction is not grammatical

GRAMMAT'ICALLY, adverb According to the principles and rules of grammar; as, to write or speak grammatically

GRAMMAT'ICASTER, noun [Latin] A low grammarian; a pretender to a knowledge of grammar; a pedant.

GRAMMAT'ICIZE, verb transitive To render grammatical.

GRAM'MATIST, noun A pretender to a knowledge of grammar.

GRAM'MATITE, noun [See Tremolite.]

GRAM'PLE, noun A crab-fish.

GRAM'PUS, noun A fish of the cetaceous order, and genus Delphinus. This fish grows to the length of twenty five feet, and is remarkably thick in proportion to its length. The nose is flat and turns up at the end. It has 30 teeth in each jaw. The spout-hole is on the top of the neck. The color of the back is black; the belly is of a snowy whiteness; and on each shoulder is a large white spot. This fist is remarkably voracious.

GRANADE, GRANADO. [See Grenade.]

GRANADIL'LA, noun A plant; the fruit of the Passiflora quadrangulata.

GRANADE, GRANADO [See Grenade.]

GRAN'ARY, noun [Latin granarium, from granum, grain.]

A store house or repository of grain after it is thrashed; a corn-house.

GRAN'ATE, noun Usually written garnet, which see.

GRAN'ATITE, noun [See Grenatite.]

FRA'GRANCE, 'GRANCY, noun [Latin fragrantia, from fragro, to smell strong.]

Sweetness of smell; that quality of bodies which affects the olfactory nerves with an agreeable sensation; pleasing scent; grateful odor.

Eve separate he spies, vailed in a cloud of fragrance -

The goblet crown'd, breathed aromatic fragrances around.

GRAND, adjective [Latin grandis.]

1. Great; but mostly in a figurative sense; illustrious; high in power or dignity; as a grand lord.

2. Great; splendid; magnificent; as a grand design; a grand parade; a grand view or prospect.

3. Great; principal; chief; as Satan our grand foe.

4. Noble; sublime; lofty; conceived or expressed with great dignity; as a grand conception.

In general, we apply the epithet grand to that which is great and elevated, or which elevates and expands our ideas. The ocean, the sky, a lofty tower are grand objects. But to constitute a thing grand it seems necessary that it should be distinguished by some degree of beauty.

5. Old; more advanced; as in grandfather, grandmother, that is, old-father; and to correspond with this relation, we use grandson, granddaughter, grandchild.

GRAN'DAM, noun [grand and dame.] Grandmother.

1. An old woman.

GRAND'CHILD, noun A son's or daughter's child; a child in the second degree of descent.

GRAND'DAUGHTER, noun The daughter of a son or daughter.

GRANDEE', noun A nobleman; a man of elevated rank or station. In Spain, a nobleman of the first rank, who has the king's leave to be covered in his presence.

GRANDEE'SHIP, noun The rank or estate of a grandee.

GRAND'EUR, noun In a general sense, greatness; that quality or combination of qualities in an object, which elevates or expands the mind, and excites pleasurable emotions in him who views or contemplates it. Thus the extent and uniformity of surface in the ocean constitute grandeur; as do the extent, the elevation, and the concave appearance or vault of the sky. So we speak of the grandeur of a large and well proportioned edifice, of an extensive range of lofty mountains, of a large cataract, of a pyramid. etc.

1. Splendor of appearance; state; magnificence; as the grandeur of a court, of a procession. etc.

2. Elevation of thought, sentiment or expression. We speak of the grandeur of conceptions, and of style or diction.

3. Elevation of mien or air and deportment.

GRANDEV'ITY, noun Great age. [Not used.]

GRANDE'VOUS, adjective Of great age. [Not used.]

GRAND'F'ATHER, noun A father's or mother's father; the next degree above the father or mother in lineal ascent.

GRANDIL'OQUENCE, noun Lofty speaking; lofty expressions.

GRANDIL'OQUOUS, adjective [Latin grandiloquus; grandis and loquor, to speak.] Speaking in a lofty style.

GRAND'INOUS, adjective [Latin grando.] Consisting of hail.

GRAND'ITY, noun Greatness; magnificence. [Not used.]

GRANDJU'ROR, noun One of a grand jury. In Connecticut, a peace-officer.

GRAND JU'RY, noun [grand and jury.] A jury whose duty is to examine into the grounds of accusation against offenders, and if they see just cause, then to find bills of indictment against them to be presented to the court.

GRAND'LY, adverb In a lofty manner; splendidly; sublimely.

GRAND'MOTHER, noun The mother of one's father or mother.

GRAND'NESS, noun Grandeur; greatness with beauty; magnificence.

GRAND'SIRE, noun A grandfather.

1. In poetry and rhetoric, any ancestor.

GRAND'SON, noun The son of a son or daughter.

GRANGE, noun granj. A farm, with the buildings, stables, etc.

GRAN'ILITE, noun [See Granit.] Indeterminate granit; granit that contains more than three constituent parts.

GRAN'IT

GRAN'ITE, noun In mineralogy, an aggregate stone or rock, composed of crystalline grains of quartz, feldspar and mica, or at least of two of these minerals, united without a cement, or confusedly crystallized. The grains very in size from that of a pin's head, to a mass of two or three feet; but usually the largest size is that of a nut. The color of granit is greatly diversified by the different colors and proportions of the component parts, and in general these stones are very hard.

GRAN'ITE, n. In mineralogy, an aggregate stone or rock, composed of crystalline grains of quartz, feldspar and mica, or at least of two of these minerals, united without a cement, or confusedly crystallized. The grains very in size from that of a pin's head, to a mass of two or three feet; but usually the largest size is that of a nut. The color of granit is greatly diversified by the different colors and proportions of the component parts, and in general these stones are very hard.

GRAN'ITEL, noun [dim. of granit.] A binary aggregate of minerals; a granitic compound containing two constituent parts, as quartz and feldspar, or quartz and shorl or hornblend.

Italian workmen give this name to a variety of gray granit consisting of small grains.

GRANIT'IC, adjective Pertaining to granit; like granit; having the nature of granitic; as granitic texture.

1. Consisting of granit; as granitic mountains.

Granitic aggregates, in mineralogy, granular compounds of two or more simple minerals, in which only one of the essential ingredients of granit is present; as quartz and hornblend, feldspar and shorl, etc. Similar compounds occur, in which none of the ingredients of granit are present.

GRAN'ITIN, noun A granitic aggregate of three species of minerals, some of which differ from the species which compose granit; as quartz, feldspar, and jade or shorl.

GRANIV'OROUS, adjective [Latin granum, grain, and voro, to eat.]

Eating grain; feeding or subsisting on seeds; as granivorous birds.

Grannam, for grandam, a grandmother. [Vulgar.]

GR'ANT, verb transitive

1. To admit as true what is not proved; to allow; to yield; to concede. We take that for granted which is supposed to be true.

Grant that the fates have firmed, by their decree--

2. To give; to bestow or confer on without compensation, particularly in answer to prayer or request.

Thou hast granted me life and favor. Job 10:12.

God granted him that which he requested. 1. Chron.4.

3. To transfer the title of a thing to another, for a good or valuable consideration; to convey by deed or writing. The legislature have granted all the new land.

Grant me the place of this threshing floor. 1 Chronicles 21:22.

GR'ANT, noun The act of granting; a bestowing or conferring.

1. The thing granted or bestowed; a gift; a boon.

2. In law, a conveyance in writing, of such things as cannot pass or be transferred by word only, as land, rents, reversions, tithes, etc.

A grant is an executed contract.

3. Concession; admission of something as true.

4. The thing conveyed by deed or patent.

GR'ANTABLE, adjective That may be granted or conveyed.

GR'ANTED, participle passive Admitted as true; conceded; yielded; bestowed; conveyed.

GRANTEE', noun The person to whom a conveyance is made.

GR'ANTING, participle present tense Admitting; conceding; bestowing; conveying.

GR'ANTOR, noun The person who grants; one who conveys lands, rents, etc.

GRAN'ULAR, adjective [from Latin granum, grain.]

1. Consisting of grains; as a granular substance.

2. Resembling grains; as a stone of granular appearance.

GRAN'ULATE, verb transitive [Latin granum.]

1. To form into grains or small masses; as, to granulate powder or sugar.

2. To raise into small asperities; to make rough on the surface.

GRAN'ULATE, verb intransitive To collect or be formed into grains; as cane-juice granulates into sugar; melted metals granulate when poured into water.

GRAN'ULATED, participle passive Formed into grains.

1. Consisting of grains; resembling grains.

GRAN'ULATING, participle present tense Forming into grains.

GRANULA'TION, noun The act of forming into grains; as the granulation of powder and sugar. In chimistry, the granulation of metallic substances is performed by pouring the melted substances slowly into water, which is, at the same time, agitated with a broom.

GRAN'ULE, noun [Latin granum.] A little grain; a small particle.

GRAN'ULOUS, adjective Full of grains; abounding with granular substances.

GRAPE, noun [This word is from the root of grab, gripe, and signifies primarily a cluster or bunch.]

1. Properly, a cluster of the fruit of the vine; but with us, a single berry of the vine; the fruit from which wine is made by expression and fermentation.

2. In the manege, grapes signifies mangy tumors on the legs of a horse.

GRA'PELESS, adjective Wanting the strength and flavor of the grape.

GRA'PESHOT, noun A cluster of small shot, confined in a canvas bag, forming a kind of cylinder, whose diameter is equal to that of the ball adapted to the cannon.

GRA'PESTONE, noun The stone or seed of the grape.

GRAPH'IC

GRAPH'ICAL, adjective [Latin graphicus; Gr. to write.]

1. Pertaining to the art of writing or delineating.

2. Well delineated.

3. Describing with accuracy.

GRAPH'ICAL, a. [L. graphicus; Gr. to write.]

GRAPH'ICALLY, adverb With good delineation; in a picturesque manner.

GRAPH'ITE, noun [Gr. to write.] Carburet of iron, a substance used for pencils, and very improperly called black-lead.

GRAPH'OLITE, noun [supra.] A species of slate proper for writing on.

GRAPHOM'ETER, noun [Gr. to describe, measure.] A mathematical instrument, called also a semicircle, whose use is to observe any angle whose vertex is at the center of the instrument in any plane, and to find how many degrees it contains.

GRAPHOMET'RICAL, adjective Pertaining to or ascertained by a graphometer.

GRAP'LING, noun

1. A small anchor fitted with four or five flukes or claws, used to hold boats or small vessels.

2. A grappling iron, used to seize and hold one ship to another in engagements. This is called a fire grapling

GRAP'NEL

GRAP'PLE, verb transitive

1. To seize; to lay fast hold on, either with the hands or with hooks. We say, a man grapples his antagonist, or a ship grapples another ship.

2. To fasten; to fix, as the mind or heart. [Not in use.]

GRAP'PLE, verb intransitive To seize; to contend in close fight, as wrestlers.

To grapple with, to contend with, to struggle with successfully.

GRAP'PLE, noun A seizing; close hug in contest; the wrestler's hold.

1. Close fight.

2. A hook or iron instrument by which one ship fastens on another.

GRAP'PLE, v.t.

GRAP'PLE, v.i. To seize; to contend in close fight, as wrestlers.

To grapple with, to contend with, to struggle with successfully.

GRAP'PLE, n. A seizing; close hug in contest; the wrestler's hold.

GRAP'PLEMENT, noun A grappling; close fight or embrace.

GRA'PY, adjective Like grapes; full of clusters of grapes.

1. Made of grapes.

GR'ASP, verb transitive To seize and hold by clasping or embracing with the fingers or arms. We say, to grasp with the hand, or with the arms.

1. To catch; to seize; to lay hold of; to take possession of. Kings often grasp more than they can hold.

GR'ASP, verb intransitive To catch or seize; to gripe.

1. To struggle; to strive. [Not in use.]

2. To encroach.

To grasp at, to catch at; to try to seize.

Alexander grasped at universal empire.

GR'ASP, noun The gripe or seizure of the hand. This seems to be its proper sense; but it denotes also a seizure by embrace, or infolding in the arms.

1. Possession; hold.

2. Reach of the arms; and figuratively, the power of seizing. Bonaparte seemed to think he had the Russian empire within his grasp

GR'ASPED, participle passive Seized with the hands or arms, embraced; held; possessed.

GR'ASPER, noun One who grasps or seizes; one who catches at; one who holds.

GR'ASPING, participle present tense Seizing; embracing; catching; holding.

GR'ASS, noun

1. In common usage, herbage; the plants which constitute the food of cattle and other beasts.

2. In botany, a plant having simple leaves, a stem generally jointed and tubular, a husky calyx, called glume, and the seed single. This definition includes wheat, rye, oats, barley, etc., and excludes clover and some other plants which are commonly called by the name of grass The grasses form a numerous family of plants.

Grass of Parnassus, a plant, the Parnassia.

GR'ASS, verb transitive To cover with grass or with turf.

GR'ASS, verb intransitive To breed grass; to be covered with grass

GRASSA'TION, noun [Latin grassatio.] A wandering about. [Little used.]

GR'ASSHOPPER, noun [grass and hop.] An animal that lives among grass, a species of Gryllus.

GR'ASSINESS, noun [from grassy.] The state of abounding with grass; a grassy state.

GR'ASSLESS, adjective Destitute of grass.

GR'ASSPLOT, noun A plat or level spot covered with grass.

GR'ASSPOLY, noun A plant, a species of Lythrum or willow-wort.

GR'ASSVETCH, noun A plant of the genus Lathyrus.

GR'ASSWRACK, noun A plant, the Zostera.

GR'ASSY, adjective Covered with grass; abounding with grass.

1. Resembling grass; green.

GRATE, noun [Latin crates, a grate a hurdle.]

1. A work or frame, composed of parallel or cross bars, with interstices; a kind of lattice-work, such as is used in the windows of prisons and cloisters.

2. An instrument or frame of iron bars for holding coals, used as fuel, in houses, stores, shops, etc.

GRATE, verb transitive To furnish with grates; to make fast with cross bars.

GRATE, verb transitive [Latin rado.]

1. To rub, as a body with a rough surface against another body; to rub one thing against another, so as to produce a harsh sound; as, to grate the teeth.

2. To wear away in small particles, by rubbing with any thing rough or indented; as, to grate a nutmeg.

3. To offend; to fret; to vex; to irritate; to mortify; as, harsh words grate the heart; they are grating to the feeling; harsh sounds grate the ear.

4. To make a harsh sound, by rubbing or the friction of rough bodies.

GRATE', verb intransitive To rub hard, so as to offend; to offend by oppression or importunity.

This grated harder upon the hearts of men.

1. To make a harsh sound by the friction of rough bodies.

GRATE, adjective [Latin gratus.] Agreeable. [Not in use.]

GRA'TED, participle passive Rubbed harshly; worn off by rubbing.

1. Furnished with a grate; as grated windows.

GRA'TEFUL, adjective [from Latin gratus. See Grace.]

1. Having a due sense of benefits; kindly disposed towards one from whom a favor has been received; willing to acknowledge and repay benefits; as a grateful heart.

2. Agreeable; pleasing; acceptable; gratifying; as a grateful present; a grateful offering.

3. Pleasing to the taste; delicious; affording pleasure; as food or drink grateful offering.

Now golden fruits on loaded branches shine,

And grateful clusters swell with floods of wine.

GRA'TEFULLY, adverb With a due sense of benefits or favors; in a manner that disposes to kindness, in return for favors. The gift was gratefully received.

1. In a pleasing manner. Study continually furnishes something new, which may strike the imagination gratefully

GRA'TEFULNESS, noun The quality of being grateful; gratitude.

1. The quality of being agreeable or pleasant to the mind or to the taste.

GRA'TER, noun [See Grate.] An instrument or utensil with a rough indented surface, for rubbing off small particles of a body; as a grater for nutmegs.

GRATIFICA'TION, noun [Latin gratificatio, from gratificor; gratus and facio, to make.]

1. The act of pleasing, either the mind, the taste or the appetite. We speak of the gratification of the taste or the palate, of the appetites, of the senses, of the desires, of the mind, soul or heart.

2. That which affords pleasure; satisfaction; delight. It is not easy to renounce gratifications to which we are accustomed.

3. Reward; recompense.

GRAT'IFIED, participle passive Pleased; indulged according to desire.

GRAT'IFIER, noun One who gratifies or pleases.

GRAT'IFY, verb transitive [Latin gratificor; gratus, agreeable, and facio, to make.]

1. To please; to give pleasure to; to indulge; as, to gratify the taste, the appetite, the senses, the desires, the mind, etc.

2. To delight; to please; to humor; to soothe; to satisfy; to indulge to satisfaction.

For who would die to gratify a foe?

3. To requite; to recompense.

GRAT'IFYING, participle present tense Pleasing; indulging to satisfaction.

1. Giving pleasure; affording satisfaction.

GRA'TING, participle present tense [See Grate.] Rubbing; wearing off in particles.

1. Fretting; irritating; harsh; as grating sounds, or a grating reflection.

GRA'TING

GRA'TINGLY, adverb Harshly; offensively; in a manner to irritate.

GRA'TINGS, noun [See Grate.] A partition of bars; an open cover for the hatches of a ship, resembling lattice-work.

GRA'TIS, adverb [Latin] For nothing; freely; without recompense; as, to give a thing gratis; to perform service gratis

GRAT'ITUDE, noun [Latin gratitudo, from gratus, pleasing. See Grace.]

An emotion of the heart, excited by a favor or benefit received; a sentiment of kindness or good will towards a benefactor; thankfulness. gratitude is an agreeable emotion, consisting in or accompanied with good will to a benefactor, and a disposition to make a suitable return of benefits or services, or when no return can be made, with a desire to see the benefactor prosperous and happy. gratitude is a virtue of the highest excellence, as it implies a feeling and generous heart, and a proper sense of duty.

The love of God is the sublimest gratitude

GRATU'ITOUS, adjective [Latin gratuitus, from gratus.]

1. Free; voluntary; not required by justice; granted without claim or merit.

We mistake the gratuitous blessings of heaven for the fruits of our own industry.

2. Asserted or taken without proof; as a gratuitous argument or affirmation.

GRATU'ITOUSLY, adverb Freely; voluntarily; without claim or merit; without an equivalent or compensation; as labor or services gratuitously bestowed.

1. Without proof; as a principle gratuitously assumed.

GRATU'ITY, noun

1. A free gift; a present; a donation; that which is given without a compensation or equivalent.

2. Something given in return for a favor; an acknowledgment.

GRAT'ULATE, verb transitive [Latin gratulor, from gratus, pleasing, grateful.]

1. To express joy or pleasure to a person, on account of his success, or the reception of some good; to salute with declarations of joy; to congratulate. [The latter word is more generally used.]

To gratulate the gentle princes there.

2. To wish or express joy to.

3. To declare joy for; to mention with joy.

GRAT'ULATED, participle passive Addressed with expressions of joy.

GRAT'ULATING, participle present tense Addressing with expressions of joy, on account of some good received.

GRATULA'TION, noun [Latin gratulatio.] An address or expression ofjoy to a person, on account of some good received by him; congratulation.

I shall turn my wishes into gratulations.

GRAT'ULATORY, adjective Expressing gratulation; congratulatory.

GRAVE, a final syllable, is a grove.

GRAVE, verb transitive preterit tense graved; participle passive graven or graved. [Gr. to write; originally all writing was graving; Eng. to scrape.]

1. To carve or cut letters or figures on stone or other hard substance, with a chisel or edged tool; to engrave. [The latter word is now more generally used.]

Thou shalt take two onyx-stones and grave on them the names of the children of Israel. Exodus 28:9.

2. To carve; to form or shape by cutting with a chisel; as, to grave an image.

Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image. Exodus 20:4.

3. To clean a ship's bottom by burning off filth, grass or other foreign matter, and paying it over with pitch.

4. To entomb. [Unusual.]

GRAVE, verb intransitive To carve; to write or delineate on hard substances; to practice engraving.

GRAVE, noun [Latin scrobs.]

1. The ditch, pit or excavated place in which a dead human body is deposited; a place for the corpse of a human being; a sepulcher.

2. A tomb.

3. Any place where the dead are reposited; a place of great slaughter or mortality. Flanders was formerly the grave of English armies. Russia proved to be the grave of the French army under Bonaparte. The tropical climates are the grave of American seamen and of British soldiers.

4. Graves, in the plural, sediment of tallow melted. [Not in use or local.]

GRA'VED, participle passive [See the Verb.] Carved; engraved; cleaned, as a ship.

GRAV'EL, noun

1. Small stones or fragments of stone, or very small pebbles, larger than the particles of sand, but often intermixed with them.

2. In medicine, small calculous concretions in the kidneys and bladder.

GRAV'EL, verb transitive To cover with gravel; as, to gravel a walk.

1. To stick in the sand.

2. To puzzle; to stop; to embarrass.

3. To hurt the foot of a horse, by gravel lodged under the shoe.

GRAV'ELED, participle passive Covered with gravel; stopped; embarrassed; injured by gravel.

GRA'VELESS, adjective [from grave.] Without a grave or tomb; unburied.

GRAV'ELLY, adjective [from gravel.] Abounding with gravel; consisting of gravel; as a gravelly soil or land.

GRA'VELY, adverb [from grave.] In a grave, solemn manner; soberly; seriously.

The queen of learning gravely smiles.

1. Without gaudiness or show; as, to be dressed gravely

GRA'VENESS, noun Seriousness; solemnity; sobriety of behavior; gravity of manners or discourse.

GRA'VER, noun [See Grave.] One who carves or engraves; one whose profession is to cut letters or figures in stone, etc.; a sculptor.

1. An engraving tool; an instrument for graving on hard substances.

GRAV'ID, adjective [Latin gravidus, from gravis, heavy.]

Pregnant; being with child.

GRAV'IDATED, adjective Made pregnant; big. [Not in use.]

GRAVIDA'TION, noun Pregnancy. [Not in use.]

GRAVID'ITY, noun Pregnancy. [Not in use.]

GRA'VING, participle present tense Engraving; carving; cutting figures on stone, copper or other hard substance.

GRA'VING, noun Carved work. 2 Chronicles 2:14.

1. Impression.

GRAV'ITATE, verb intransitive [Latin gravitas, from gravis, heavy.]

To tend to the center of a body, or the central point of attraction. Thus a body elevated above the earth tends to fall, that is, it gravitates towards the center of the earth; and the planets are supposed to gravitate towards the sun, or center of the solar system.

GRAV'ITATING, participle present tense Tending to the center of a body or system of bodies.

GRAVITA'TION, noun The act of tending to the center.

1. The force by which bodies are pressed or drawn, or by which they tend towards the center of the earth or other center, or the effect of that force. Thus the falling of a body to the earth is ascribed to gravitation

GRAV'ITY, noun [Latin gravitas, from gravis, heavy. See Grave.]

1. Weight; heaviness.

2. In philosophy, that force by which bodies tend or are pressed or drawn towards the center of the earth, or towards some other center, or the effect of that force; in which last sense gravity is synonymous with weight.

Gravity is the tendency of great bodies to a center, or the sum or results of all the attractions of all the molecules composing a great body.

3. Specific gravity the weight belonging to an equal bulk of every different substance. Thus the exact weight of a cubic inch of gold, compared with that of a cubic inch of gold, compared with that of a cubic inch of water or tin, is called its specific gravity The specific gravity of bodies is usually ascertained by weighing them in distilled water.

4. Seriousness; sobriety of manners; solemnity of deportment or character.

Great Cato there, for gravity renowned.

5. Weight; enormity; atrociousness; as the gravity of an injury. [Not used.

6. In music, lowness of sound.

GRA'VY, noun The fat and other liquid matter that drips from flesh in roasting, or when roasted or baked, or a mixture of that juice with flour.

GRAY, adjective [This is probably the name given to the Greeks, on account of their fair complexion compared with the Asiatics and Africans. [See Europe.] 'Keto bore to Phorcus the Graiae with fair cheeks, white from their birth, and hence they were called Graiae.' The Greek word is rendered an old woman, and in this passage of Hesiod, is supposed to mean certain deities. The probability is, that it is applied to an old woman, because she is gray But the fable of Hesiod is easily explained by supposing the author to have had in his mind some imperfect account of the origin of the Greeks.]

1. White, with a mixture of black.

These gray and dun colors may be also produced by mixing whites and blacks.

2. White; hoary; as gray hair. We apply the word to hair that is partially or wholly white.

3. Dark; of a mixed color; of the color of ashes; as gray eyes; the gray-eyed morn.

4. Old; mature; as gray experience.

GRAY, noun A gray color.

1. A badger.

GRA'YFLY, noun The trumpet-fly.

GRA'YHOUND, noun A tall fleet dog, used in the chase.

GRA'YISH, adjective Somewhat gray; gray in a moderate degree.

GRA'YLING, noun A fish of the genus Salmo, called also umber, a voracious fish, about sixteen or eighteen inches in length, of a more elegant figure than the trout; the back and sides of a silvery gray color. It is found in clear rapid streams in the north of Europe, and is excellent food.

GRA'YNESS, noun The quality of being gray.

GRAYWACKE, noun A rock somewhat remarkable in its structure and geological relations; a kind of sandstone, composed of grains or fragments of different minerals, chiefly of quartz, feldspar, siliceous slate and argillite. These fragments are sometimes angular, and sometimes their edges and angles are rounded, thus forming nodules or globular masses. The size is very variable, passing from grains to nodules of a foot in diameter. The several ingredients are united by an indurated argillaceous substance, or the interstices between the larger fragments are filled by the same materials which compose the larger parts of the rock, but in grains so comminuted as to resemble a homogeneous cement. The colors are some shade of gray or brown, as bluish gray, reddish brown. etc.

GRAZE, verb transitive [Latin rado, rasi, or rodo, rosi.]

1. To rub or touch lightly in passing; to brush lightly in passing; as, the bullet grazed the wall or the earth.

2. To feed or supply cattle with grass; to furnish pasture for; as, the farmer grazes large herds of cattle.

3. To feed on; to eat from the ground, as growing herbage.

The lambs with wolves shall graze the verdant mead.

4. To tend grazing cattle; as, Jacob grazed Laban's sheep.

GRAZE, verb intransitive To eat grass; to feed on growing herbage; as, cattle graze on the meadows.

1. To supply grass; as, the ground will not graze well.

2. To move on devouring.

GRA'ZED, participle passive Touched lightly by a passing body; brushed.

1. Fed by growing grass; as, cattle are grazed

2. Eaten, as growing herbage; as, the fields were grazed

GRA'ZER, noun One that grazes or feeds on growing herbage.

GRA'ZIER, noun gra'zhur. One who feeds cattle with grass, or supplies them with pasture.

GRA'ZING, participle present tense Touching lightly, as a moving body.

1. Feeding on growing herbage; as grazing cattle.

2. Supplying pasture; as a grazing farm.

GREASE, noun

1. Animal fat in a soft state; oily or unctuous matter of any kind, as tallow, lard; but particularly the fatty matter of land animals, as distinguished from the oily matter of marine animals.

2. A swelling and gourdiness of a horse's legs, occasioned by traveling or by standing long in a stable.

GREASE, verb transitive greez. To smear, anoint or daub with grease or fat.

1. To bribe; to corrupt with presents. [Not elegant.]

GRE'ASED, participle passive Smeared with oily matter; bribed.

GRE'ASILY, adverb With grease or an appearance of it; grossly.

GRE'ASINESS, noun The state of being greasy; oiliness; unctuousness.

GRE'ASING, participle present tense Smearing with fat or oily matter; bribing.

GRE'ASY, adjective greez'y. Oily; fat; unctuous.

1. Smeared or defiled with grease.

2. Like grease or oil; smooth; as a fossil that has a greasy feel.

3. Fat of body; bulky. [Little used.]

4. Gross; indelicate; indecent.

GREAT, adjective [Latin crassus.]

1. Large in bulk or dimensions; a term of comparison, denoting more magnitude or extension than something else, or beyond what is usual; as a great body; a great house; a great farm.

2. Being of extended length or breadth; as a great distance; a great lake.

3. Large in number; as a great many; a great multitude.

4. Expressing a large, extensive or unusual degree of any thing; as great fear; great love; great strength; great wealth; great power; great influence; great folly.

5. Long continued; as a great while.

6. Important; weighty; as a great argument; a great truth; a great event; a thing of no great consequence; it is no great matter.

7. Chief; principal; as the great seal of England.

8. Chief; of vast power and excellence; supreme; illustrious; as the great God; the great Creator.

9. Vast; extensive; wonderful; admirable.

GREAT are thy works. Jehovah.

10. Possessing large or strong powers of mind; as a great genius.

11. Having made extensive or unusual acquisitions of science or knowledge; as a great philosopher or botanist; a great scholar.

12. Distinguished by rank, office or power; elevated; eminent; as a great lord; the great men of the nation; the great Mogul; Alexander the great

13. Dignified in aspect, mien or manner.

Amidst the crowd she walks serenely great

14. Magnanimous; generous; of elevated sentiments; high-minded. He has a great soul.

15. Rich; sumptuous; magnificent. He disdained not to appear at great tables. A great feast or entertainment.

16. Vast; sublime; as a great conception or idea.

17. Dignified; noble.

Nothing can be great which is not right.

18. Swelling; proud; as, he was not disheartened by great looks.

19. Chief; principal; much traveled; as a great road. The ocean is called the great highway of nations.

20. Pregnant; teeming; as great with young.

21. Hard; difficult. It is no great matter to live in peace with meek people.

22. Familiar; intimate. [Vulgar.]

23. Distinguished by extraordinary events, or unusual importance. Jude 1:6.

24. Denoting a degree of consanguinity, in the ascending or descending line, as great grandfather, the father of a grandfather; great great grandfather, the father of a great grandfather, and so on indefinitely; and great grandson, great great grandson. etc.

25. Superior; preeminent; as great chamberlain; great marshal.

The sense of great is to be understood by the things it is intended to qualify. great pain or wrath is violent pain or wrath; great love is ardent love; great peace is entire peace; a great name is extensive renown; a great evil or sin, is a sin of deep malignity, etc.

GREAT, noun The whole; the gross; the lump or mass; as, a carpenter contracts to build a ship by the great

1. People of rank or distinction. The poor envy the great and the great despise the poor.

GREATEN, verb transitive To enlarge.

GREATLY, adverb In a great degree; much.

I will greatly multiply thy sorrow. Genesis 3:16.

1. Nobly; illustriously.

By a high fate, thou greatly didst expire.

2. Magnanimously; generously; bravely.

He greatly scorned to turn his back on his foe. He greatly spurned the offered boon.

GREATNESS, noun Largeness of bulk, dimensions, number or quantity; as the greatness of a mountain, of an edifice, of a multitude, or of a sum of money. With reference to solid bodies, however, we more generally use bulk, size, extent or magnitude than greatness; as the bulk or size of the body; the extent of the ocean; the magnitude of the sun or of the earth.

1. Large amount; extent; as the greatness of a reward.

2. High degree; as the greatness of virtue or vice.

3. High rank or place; elevation; dignity; distinction; eminence; power; command.

4. Swelling pride; affected state.

It is not of pride or greatness that he cometh not aboard your ships.

5. Magnanimity; elevation of sentiment; nobleness; as greatness of mind.

Virtue is the only solid basis of greatness

6. Strength or extent of intellectual faculties; as the greatness of genius.

7. Large extent or variety; as the greatness of a man's acquisitions.

8. Grandeur; pomp; magnificence.

GREATNESS with Timon dwells in such a draught,

As brings all Brobdignag before your thought.

9. Force; intensity; as the greatness of sound, of passion, heat, etc.

GREAVE, for grove and groove. [See Grove and Groove.]

GREAVES, noun plural greevz. Armor for the legs; a sort of boots.

l Sam.17.

GREBE, noun A fowl of the genus Colymbus and order of ansers, of several species; as the tippet-grebe, the horned grebe the eared grebe or dob-chick.

GRE'CIAN, adjective Pertaining to Greece.

GRE'CIAN, noun A native of Greece. Also, a Jew who understood Greek. Acts 6:1.

1. One well versed in the Greek language.

GRE'CISM, noun [Latin groecismus.] An idiom of the Greek language.

GRE'CIZE, verb transitive To render Grecian.

1. To translate into Greek.

GRE'CIZE, verb intransitive To speak the Greek language.

GREE, noun Good will.

1. Step; rank; degree. [See Degree.]

GREE. verb intransitive To agree. [See Agree.]

GREECE, noun [Latin gressus. It ought to be written grese, but it is entirely obsolete.] A flight of steps.

GREED, noun Greediness.

GREE'DILY, adverb [See Greedy.] With a keen appetite for food or drink; voraciously; ravenously; as, to eat or swallow greedily

1. With keen or ardent desire; eagerly. Jude 1:11.

GREE'DINESS, noun Keenness of appetite for food or drink; ravenousness; voracity.

Fox in stealth, wolf in greediness

1. Ardent desire.

GREE'DY, adjective [Latin gradior, and probably signifies reaching forward.]

1. Having a keen appetite for food or drink; ravenous; voracious; very hungry; followed by of; as a lion that is greedy of his prey. Psalms 17:12.

2. Having a keen desire of any thing; eager to obtain; as greedy of gain.

GREEK, adjective Pertaining to Greece. [See Gray.]

GREEK, noun A native of Greece.

1. The language of Greece.

GREEK-FIRE, a combustible composition, the constituents of which are supposed to be asphalt, with niter and sulphur.

GREE'KISH, adjective Peculiar to Greece.

GREE'KLING, noun An inferior Greek writer.

GREE'KROSE, noun The flower campion.

GREEN, adjective

1. Properly, growing, flourishing, as plants; hence, of the color of herbage and plants when growing, a color composed of blue and yellow rays, one of blue and yellow rays, one of the original prismatic colors; verdant.

2. New; fresh; recent; as a green wound.

The greenest usurpation.

3. Fresh; flourishing; undecayed; as green old age.

4. Containing its natural juices; not dry; not seasoned; as green wood; green timber.

5. Not roasted; half raw.

We say the meat is green when half-roasted.

[Rarely, if ever used in America.]

6. Unripe; immature; not arrived to perfection; as green fruit. Hence,

7. Immature in age; young; as green in age or judgment.

8. Pale; sickly; wan; of a greenish pale color.

GREEN, noun The color of growing plants; a color composed of blue and yellow rays, which, mixed in different proportions, exhibit a variety of shades; as apple green meadow green leek green etc.

1. A grassy plain or plat; a piece of ground covered with verdant herbage.

O'er the smooth enameled green

2. Fresh leaves or branches of trees or other plants; wreaths; usually in the plural.

The fragrant greens I seek, my brows to bind.

3. The leaves and stems of young plants used in cookery or dressed for food in the spring; in the plural.

GREEN, verb transitive To make green This is used by Thomson and by Barlow, but is not an elegant word, nor indeed hardly legitimate, in the sense in which these writers use it. 'Spring greens the year.' 'God greens the groves.' The only legitimate sense of this verb, if used, would be, to dye green or to change to a green color. A plant growing in a dark room is yellow; let this plant be carried into the open air, and the rays of the sun will green it. This use would correspond with the use of whiten, blacken, redden.

GREE'NBROOM

GREE'NCLOTH, noun A board or court of justice held in the counting house of the British king's household, composed of the lord steward and the officers under him. This court has the charge and cognizance of all matters of justice in the king's household, with power to correct offenders and keep the peace of the verge, or jurisdiction of the court-royal, which extends every way two hundred yards from the gate of the palace.

GREE'NFINCH, noun A bird of the genus Fringilla.

GREE'NFISH, noun A fish so called.

GREE'NGAGE, noun A species of plum.

GREE'NHAIRED, adjective Having green locks or hair.

GREE'NHOOD, noun A state of greenness.

GREE'NHORN, noun A raw youth.

GREE'NISH, adjective Somewhat green; having a tinge of green; as a greenish yellow.

GREE'NISHNESS, noun The quality of being greenish.

GREE'NLY, adverb With a green color; newly; freshly; immaturely.

GREE'NNESS, noun The quality of being green; viridity; as the greenness of grass or of a meadow.

1. Immaturity; unripeness; in a literal or figurative sense; as the greenness of fruit; the greenness of youth.

2. Freshness; vigor.

3. Newness.

GREE'NSTONE, noun [so called from a tinge of green in the color.]

A rock of the trap formation, consisting of hornblend and feldspar in the state of grains or small crystals.

GREE'NWEED , noun A plant of the genus Genista.

GREE'NWOOD, noun Wood when green, as in summer.

GREE'NWOOD, adjective Pertaining to a greenwood; as a greenwood shade.

GREET, verb transitive [Latin rudo, to bray, to roar.]

1. To address with expressions of kind wishes; to salute in kindness and respect.

My lord, the Mayor if London comes to greet you.

2. To address at meeting; to address in any manner.

3. To congratulate.

4. To pay compliments at a distance; to send kind wishes to. Colossians 4:14. 2 Timothy 4:21.

5. To meet and address with kindness; or to express kind wishes accompanied with an embrace. 1 Thessalonians 5:26.

6. To meet.

GREET, verb intransitive To meet and salute.

There greet in silence, as the dead are wont,

And sleep in peace.

1. To weep; written by Spenser greit.

GREE'TED, participle passive Addressed with kind wishes; complimented.

GREE'TER, noun One who greets.

GREE'TING, participle present tense Addressing with kind wishes or expressions of joy; complimenting; congratulating; saluting.

GREE'TING, noun Expression of kindness or joy; salutation at meeting; compliment addressed from one absent.

GREEZE, noun [Latin gressus.] A step, or flight of steps. [See Greece.]

GREF'FIER, noun A registrar, or recorder.

GRE'GAL, adjective [Latin grex.] Pertaining to a flock.

GREGA'RIAN, adjective [See Gregarious.] Belonging to the herd or common sort.

GREGA'RIOUS, adjective [Latin gregarius, from grex, a herd.]

Having the habit of assembling or living in a flock or herd; not habitually solitary or living alone. Cattle and sheep are gregarious animals. Many species of birds are gregarious Rapacious animals are generally not gregarious

GREGA'RIOUSLY, adverb In a flock or herd; in a company.

GREGA'RIOUSNESS, noun The state or quality of living in flocks or herds.

GREGO'RIAN, adjective Denoting what belongs to Gregory. The gregorian calendar, is one which shows the new and full moon, with the time of Easter, and the movable feasts depending thereon, by means of epacts. The gregorian year, is the present year, as reformed by pope Gregory XIII, in 1582; consisting of 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes, 47 seconds, with an additional day every fourth year.

GREIT, verb intransitive To lament.

GREITH, verb transitive To make ready.

GREITH, noun Goods; furniture.

GRE'MIAL, adjective [Latin gremium.] Belonging to the lap or bosom.

GRENA'DE, noun In the art of war, a hollow ball or shell of iron or other metal, about two inches and a half in diameter, to be filled with powder which is to be fired by means of a fusee, and thrown by hand among enemies. This, bursting into many pieces, does great injury, and is particularly useful in annoying an enemy in trenches and other lodgments.

GRENADIE'R, noun

1. A foot soldier, wearing a high cap. Grenadiers are usually tall, active soldiers, distinguished from others chiefly by their dress and arms; a company of them is usually attached to each battalion.

2. A fowl found in Angola, in Africa.

GREN'ATITE, noun Staurotide or staurolite, a mineral of a dark reddish brown. It occurs imbedded in mica slate, and in talc, and is infusible by the blowpipe. It is called also prismatic garnet.

GREW, preterit tense of grow.

GREY. [See Gray.]

GREYHOUND, noun A tall fleet dog, kept for the chase.

GRICE, noun A little pig.

GRID'DLE, noun A pan, broad and shallow, for baking cakes.

GRIDE, verb transitive [Eng. to cry.] To grate, or to cut with a grating sound; to cut; to penetrate or pierce harshly; as the griding sword.

That through his thigh the mortal steel did gride

GRID'ELIN, noun A color mixed of white and red, or a gray violet.

GRID'IRON, noun A grated utensil for broiling flesh and fish over coals.

GRIEF , noun [Latin gravis.]

1. The pain of mind produced by loss, misfortune, injury or evils of any kind; sorrow; regret. We experience grief when we lose a friend, when we incur loss, when we consider ourselves injured, and by sympathy, we feel grief at the misfortunes of others.

2. The pain of mind occasioned by our own misconduct; sorrow or regret that we have done wrong; pain accompanying repentance. We feel grief when we have offended or injured a friend, and the consciousness of having offended the Supreme Being, fills the penitent heart with the most poignant grief

3. Cause of sorrow; that which afflicts.

Who were a grief of mind to Isaac and Rebekah. Genesis 26:35.

A foolish son is a grief to his father. Proverbs 17:25.

GRIE'FFUL, adjective Full of grief or sorrow.

GRIE'FSHOT, adjective Pierced with grief.

GRIE'VABLE, adjective Lamentable.

GRIE'VANCE, noun [from grief.] That which causes grief or uneasiness; that which burdens, oppresses or injures, implying a sense of wrong done, or a continued injury, and therefore applied only to the effects of human conduct; never to providential evils. The oppressed subject has the right to petition for a redress of grievances.

GRIEVE, verb transitive [Latin gravo, from gravis.]

1. To give pain of mind to; to afflict; to wound the feelings. Nothing grieves a parent like the conduct of a profligate child.

2. To afflict; to inflict pain on.

For he doth not afflict willingly, nor grieve the

children of men. Lamentations 3:33.

3. To make sorrowful; to excite regret in.

4. To offend; to displease; to provoke.

GRIEVE not the holy Spirit of God. Ephesians 4:30.

GRIEVE, verb intransitive To feel pain of mind or heart; to be in pain on account of an evil; to sorrow; to mourn. We grieve at the loss of friends or property. We grieve at the misfortunes of others. We grieve for our own misfortunes, follies and vices, as well as for those of our children. It is followed by at or for.

GRIE'VED, participle passive Pained; afflicted; suffering sorrow.

GRIE'VER, noun He or that which grieves.

GRIE'VING, participle present tense Giving pain; afflicting.

1. Sorrowing; exercised with grief; mourning.

GRIE'VINGLY, adverb In sorrow; sorrowfully.

GRIE'VOUS, adjective [from grieve, or grief.] Heavy; oppressive; burdensome; as a grievous load of taxes.

1. Afflictive; painful; hard to be borne.

Correction is grievous to him that forsaketh the way. Proverbs 15:1.

2. Causing grief or sorrow.

The thing was very grievous in Abraham's sight, because of his son. Genesis 21:11.

3. Distressing.

The famine was very grievous in the land. Genesis 12:10.

4. Great; atrocious.

Because their sin is very grievous Gen 18.

5. Expressing great uneasiness; as a grievous complaint.

6. Provoking; offensive; tending to irritate; as grievous words. Proverbs 15:1.

7. Hurtful; destructive; causing mischief; as grievous wolves. Acts 20:29.

GRIE'VOUSLY, adverb With pain; painfully; with great pain or distress; as, to be grievously afflicted.

1. With discontent, ill will or grief.

2. Calamitously; miserably; greatly; with great uneasiness, distress or grief.

3. Atrociously; as, to sin or offend grievously

GRIE'VOUSNESS, noun Oppressiveness; weight that gives pain or distress; as the grievousness of a burden.

1. Pain; affliction; calamity; distress; as the grievousness of sickness, war or famine.

2. Greatness; enormity; atrociousness; as the grievousness of sin or offenses.

GRIF'FON, noun [Latin gryps, gryphus.]

In the natural history of the ancients, an imaginary animal said to be generated between the lion and eagle. It is represented with four legs, wings and a beak, the upper part resembling an eagle, and the lower part a lion. This animal was supposed to watch over mines of gold and hidden treasures, and was consecrated to the sun. The figure of the griffon is seen on ancient medals, and is still borne in coat-armor. It is also an ornament of Greek architecture.

GRIG, noun A small eel; the sand ell.

1. A merry creature.

2. Health.

GRILL, verb transitive To broil. [Not in use.]

GRILL, adjective Shaking with cold.

GRIL'LY, verb transitive To harass. [Not in use.]

GRIM, adjective [Latin fremo; Eng. grumble, rumble.]

1. Fierce; ferocious; impressing terror; frightful; horrible; as a grim look; a grim face; grim war.

2. Ugly; ill looking.

3. Sour; crabbed peevish; surly.

GRIMA'CE, noun

1. A distortion of the countenance, from habit, affectation or insolence.

2. An air of affection.

GRIMA'CED, adjective Distorted; having a crabbed look.

GRIMAL'KIN, noun The name of an old cat.

GRIME, noun Foul matter; dirt; sullying blackness, deeply insinuated.

GRIME, verb transitive To sully or soil deeply; to dirt.

GRIM'LY, adjective Having a hideous or stern look.

GRIM'LY, adverb Fiercely; ferociously; with a look of fury or ferocity.

1. Sourly; sullenly.

GRIM'NESS, noun Fierceness of look; sternness; crabbedness.

GRI'MY, adjective Full of grime; foul.

GRIN, verb intransitive

1. To set the teeth together and open the lips, or to open the mouth and withdraw the lips from the teeth, so as to show them, as in laughter or scorn.

Fools grin on fools.

2. To fix the teeth, as in anguish.

GRIN, noun The act of closing the teeth and showing them, or of

withdrawing the lips and showing the teeth.

GRIN, noun A snare or trap. [Not in use.]

GRIN, verb transitive To express by grinning.

He grinned horribly a ghastly smile.

GRIND, verb transitive preterit tense and participle passive ground. [This word, if n is radical, may be allied to rend; if not, it coincides with grate; to make smooth, as mollis in Latin , allied to molo.]

1. To break and reduce to fine particles or powder by friction; to comminute by attrition; to triturate.

Take the millstones and grind meal. Isaiah 16:1.

We say, to grind meal, but this is an elliptical phrase. The true phrase is, to grind corn to meal.

2. To break and reduce to small pieces by the teeth.

3. To sharpen by rubbing or friction; to wear off the substance of a metallic instrument, and reduce it to a sharp edge by the friction of a stone; as, to grind an ax or scythe.

4. To make smooth; to polish by friction; as, to grind glass.

5. To rub one against another.

Harsh sounds--and the grinding of one stone against another, make a shivering or horror in the body and set the teeth on edge.

6. To oppress by severe exactions; to afflict cruelly; to harass; as, to grind the faces of the poor Isaiah 3:15.

7. To crush in pieces; to ruin. Matthew 21:44.

8. To grate; as grinding pains.

GRIND, verb intransitive To perform the operation of grinding; to move a mill.

1. To be moved or rubbed together, as in the operation of grinding; as the grinding jaws.

2. To be ground or pulverized by friction.

Corn will not grind well before it is dry.

3. To be polished and made smooth by friction. Glass grinds smooth.

4. To be sharpened by grinding. Steel grinds to a fine edge.

GRINDER, noun One that grinds, or moves a mill.

1. The instrument of grinding.

2. A tooth that grinds or chews food; a double tooth; a jaw-tooth.

3. The teeth in general.

GRINDING, participle present tense Reducing to powder by friction; triturating; levitating; chewing.

1. Making sharp; making smooth or polishing by friction.

GRIND'STONE, noun A sandstone used for grinding or sharpening tools.

Stone, used by old writers, is obsolete.

GRIN'NER, noun [See Grin.] One that grins.

GRIN'NING, participle present tense Closing the teeth and showing them, as in laughter; a showing of the teeth.

GRIN'NINGLY, adverb With a grinning laugh.

GRIP, noun The griffon. [Not in use.]

GRIP, noun A grasp; a holding fast.

GRIP, noun A small ditch or furrow. [Not used in America.]

GRIP, verb transitive To trench; to drain. [Not used.]

GRIPE, verb transitive [Latin rapio.]

1. To seize; to grasp; to catch with the hand, and to clasp closely with the fingers.

2. To hold fast; to hold with the fingers closely pressed.

3. To seize and hold fast in the arms; to embrace closely.

4. To close the fingers; to clutch.

5. To pinch; to press; to compress.

6. To give pain to the bowels, as if by pressure or contraction.

7. To pinch; to straiten; to distress; as griping poverty.

GRIPE, verb intransitive To seize or catch by pinching; to get money by hard bargains or mean exactions; as a griping miser.

1. To feel the colic.

2. To lie too close to the wind, as a ship.

GRIPE, noun Grasp; seizure; fast hold with the hand or paw, or with the arms.

1. Squeeze; pressure.

2. Oppression; cruel exactions.

3. Affliction; pinching distress; as the gripe of poverty.

4. In seamen's language, the fore-foot or piece of timber which terminates the keel at the fore-end.

5. Gripes, in the plural, distress of the bowels; colic.

6. Gripes, in seamen's language, an assemblage of ropes, dead-eyes and hooks, fastened to ring-bolts in the deck to secure the boats.

GRIPER, noun One who gripes; an oppressor; an extortioner.

GRIPING, participle present tense Grasping; seizing; holding fast; pinching; oppressing; distressing the bowels.

GRIPING, noun A pinching or grasp; a distressing pain of the bowels; colic.

1. In seamen's language, the inclination of a ship to run to the windward of her course.

GRIPINGLY, adverb With a pain in the bowels.

GRIP'PLE, adjective [from gripe.] Griping; greedy; covetous; unfeeling.

1. Grasping fast; tenacious.

GRIP'PLENESS, noun Covetousness.

GRIS, noun A kind of fur.

GRISAMBER, used by Milton for ambergris.

GRISE, noun [Latin gressus.] A step, or scale of steps.

1. A swine.

GRISETTE, noun griset'. A tradesman's wife or daughter. [Not used.]

GRIS'KIN, noun [See Grise.] The spine of a hog. [Not in use.]

GRIS'LY, adjective s as z. Frightful; horrible; terrible; as grisly locks; a grisly countenance; a grisly face; a grisly specter; a grisly bear.

GRIS'ONS, noun Inhabitants of the eastern Swiss alps.

GRIST, noun

1. Properly, that which is ground; hence, corn ground; but in common usage, it signifies corn for grinding, or that which is ground at one time; as much grain as is carried to the mill at one time or the meal it produces.

Get grist to the mill to have plenty in store.

2. Supply; provision.

3. Profit; gain; [as in Latin emolumentum, from molo, to grind; ] in the phrase, it brings grist to the mill.

GRIS'TLE, noun gris'l. [Latin cartil, in cartilago; cartil for cratil; Gr. strong.] A cartilage; a smooth, solid, elastic substance in animal bodies, chiefly in those parts where a small easy motion is required, as in the nose, ear, larynx, trachea and sternum. It covers the ends of all bones which are united by movable articulations.

GRIST'LY, adjective Consisting of gristle; like gristle; cartilaginous; as the gristly rays of fins connected by membranes.

GRIST'MILL, noun A mill for grinding grain.

GRIT, noun

1. The coarse part of meal.

2. Oats hulled, or coarsely ground; written also groats.

3. Sand or gravel; rough hard particles.

4. Sandstone; stone composed of particles of sand agglutinated.

GRITH, noun Agreement. [Not in use.]

GRIT'STONE, noun [See Grit.]

GRIT'TINESS, noun The quality of containing grit or consisting of grit, sand or small hard, rough particles of stone.

GRIT'TY, adjective Containing sand or grit; consisting of grit; full of hard particles; sandy.

GRIZ'ELIN. [See Gridelin.]

GRIZ'ZLE, noun Gray; a gray color; a mixture of white and black.

GRIZ'ZLED, adjective Gray; of a mixed color. Genesis 31:1.

GRIZ'ZLY, adjective Somewhat gray.

GROAN, verb intransitive [Latin grunnio; Heb. to cry out, to groan; Latin rana, a frog.]

1. To breathe with a deep murmuring sound; to utter a mournful voice, as in pain or sorrow.

For we that are in this tabernacle, do groan being burdened. 2 Corinthians 5:2.

2. To sigh; to be oppressed or afflicted; or to complain of oppression. A nation groans under the weight of taxes.

GROAN, noun A deep mournful sound, uttered in pain, sorrow or anguish.

1. Any low, rumbling sound; as the groans of roaring wind.

GROANFUL, adjective Sad; inducing groans.

GROANING, participle present tense Uttering a low mournful sound.

GROANING, noun The act of groaning; lamentation; complaint; a deep sound uttered in pain or sorrow.

I have heard the groaning of the children of

Israel. Exodus 6:5.

1. In hunting, the cry or noise of the buck.

GROAT, noun grawt.

1. An English money of account, equal to four pence.

2. A proverbial name for a small sum.

GROATS, noun [See Grit.] Oats that have the hulls taken off.

GRO'CER, noun A trader who deals in tea, sugar, spices, coffee, liquors, fruits, etc.

GRO'CERY, noun A grocer's store.

1. The commodities sold by grocers; usually in the plural.

GROG, noun A mixture of spirit and water not sweetened.

GROG'-BLOSSOM, noun A rum bud; a redness on the nose or face of men who drink ardent spirits to excess; a deformity that marks the beastly vice of intemperance.

GROG'DRINKER, noun One addicted to drinking grog.

GROG'GY, adjective A groggy horse is one that bears wholly on his heels in trotting.

1. In vulgar language, tipsy; intoxicated.

GROG'RAM

GROG'RAN, noun A kind of stuff made of silk and mohair.

GROG'RAN, n. A kind of stuff made of silk and mohair.

GROIN, noun

1. The depressed part of the human body between the belly and the thigh.

2. Among builders, the angular curve made by the intersection of two semi-cylinders or arches.

3. The snout or nose of a swine.

GROIN, verb intransitive To groan.

GROM'ET

GROM'IL , noun A plant of the genus Lithospermum. The German gromwell is the Stellera.

GROM'IL , n. A plant of the genus Lithospermum. The German gromwell is the Stellera.

GROM'MET, noun Among seamen, a ring formed of a strand of rope laid in three times round; used to fasten the upper edge of a sail to its stay.

GROM'WELL

GROOM, noun

1. A boy or young man; a waiter; a servant.

2. A man or boy who has the charge of horses; one who takes care of horses or the stable.

3. In England, an officer of the king's household; as the groom of the chamber; groom of the stole or wardrobe.

4. Groom for goom, in bridegroom, is a palpable mistake.

GROOM, n.

GROOP, noun

1. A cluster, crowd or throng; an assemblage, either of persons or things; a number collected without any regular form or arrangement; as a group of men or of trees; a group of isles.

2. In painting and sculpture, an assemblage of two or more figures of men, beasts or other things which have some relation to each other.

GROUP

GROOP, verb transitive To form a group; to bring or place together in a cluster or knot; to form an assemblage.

The difficulty lies in drawing and disposing, or as the painters term it, in grouping such a multitude of different objects.

GROOP'ED, participle passive Formed or placed in a crowd.

GROOP'ING, participle present tense Bringing together in a cluster or assemblage.

GROUP'ING, noun The art of composing or combining the objects of a picture or piece of sculpture.

GROOVE, noun groov.

1. A furrow, channel, or long hollow cut by a tool. Among joiners, a channel in the edge of a molding, style or rail.

2. Among miners, a shaft or pit sunk into the earth.

GROOVE, verb transitive To cut a channel with an edged tool; to furrow.

GROOV'ER, noun A miner.

GROOV'ING, participle present tense Cutting in channels.

GROPE, verb intransitive

1. To feel along; to search or attempt to find in the dark, or as a blind person, by feeling.

We grope for the wall like the blind. Isaiah 59:10.

The dying believer leaves the weeping children of mortality to grope a little longer among the miseries and sensualities of a worldly life.

2. To seek blindly in intellectual darkness, without a certain guide or means of knowledge.

GROPE, verb transitive To search by feeling in the dark.

We groped our way at midnight.

But Strephon, cautious, never meant

The bottom of the pan to grope

GRO'PER, noun One who gropes; one who feels his way in the dark, or searches by feeling.

GRO'PING, participle present tense Feeling for something in darkness; searching by feeling.

GROSS, adjective [Latin crassus.]

1. Thick; bulky; particularly applied to animals; fat; corpulent; as a gross man; a gross body.

2. Coarse; rude; rough; not delicate; as gross sculpture.

3. Coarse, in a figurative sense; rough; mean; particularly, vulgar; obscene; indelicate; as gross language; gross jests.

4. Thick; large; opposed to fine; as wood or stone of a gross grain.

5. Impure; unrefined; as gross sensuality.

6. Great; palpable; as a gross mistake; gross injustice.

7. Coarse; large; not delicate; as gross features.

8. Thick; dense; not attenuated; not refined or pure; as a gross medium of sight; gross air; gross elements.

9. Unseemly; enormous; shameful; great; as gross corruptions; gross vices.

10. Stupid; dull.

Tell her of things that no gross ear can hear.

11. Whole; entire; as the gross sum, or gross amount, as opposed to a sum consisting of separate or specified parts.

GROSS, noun The main body; the chief part; the bulk; the mass; as the gross of the people. [We now use bulk.]

1. The number of twelve dozen; twelve times twelve; as a gross of bottles. It never has the plural form. We say, five gross or ten gross

In the gross in gross in the bulk, or the whole undivided; all parts taken together.

By the gross in a like sense.

GROSS weight, is the weight of merchandize or goods, with the dust and dross, the bag, cask, chest, etc., in which they are contained, for which an allowance is to be made of tare and tret. This being deducted, the remainder or real weight is denominated neat or net weight. gross weight has lately been abolished in Connecticut by statute, May, 1827.

In English law, a villain in gross was one who did not belong to the land, but immediately to the person of the lord, and was transferrable by deed, like chattels, from one owner to another.

Advowson in gross an advowson separated from the property of a manor, and annexed to the person of its owner.

Common in gross is common annexed to a man's person, and not appurtenant to land.

GROSSBEAK, noun A fowl of the genus Loxia, of several species. The bill is convex above and very thick at the base, from which circumstance it takes its name.

GROSSLY, adverb In bulky or large parts; coarsely. This matter is grossly pulverized.

1. Greatly; palpably; enormously; as, this affair has been grossly misrepresented.

2. Greatly; shamefully; as grossly criminal.

3. Coarsely; without refinement or delicacy; as language grossly vulgar.

4. Without art or skill.

GROSSNESS, noun Thickness; bulkiness; corpulence; fatness; applied to animal bodies.

1. Thickness; spissitude; density; as the grossness of vapors.

2. Coarseness; rudeness; want of refinement or delicacy; vulgarity; as the grossness of language; the grossness of wit.

Abhor the swinish grossness that delights to wound the ear of delicacy.

3. Greatness; enormity; as the grossness of vice.

GROSS'ULAR, adjective Pertaining to or resembling a gooseberry; as grossular garnet.

GROSS'ULAR, noun A rare mineral of the garnet kind, so named from its green color.

GROT

GROTESK' , adjective Wildly formed; whimsical; extravagant; of irregular forms and proportions; ludicrous; antic; resembling the figure found in the subterraneous apartments in the ancient ruins at Rome; applied to pieces of sculpture and painting, and to natural scenery; as grotesque painting; grotesque design.

GROTESQUE

GROTESK' , noun Whimsical figures or scenery.

GROTESK' , a. Wildly formed; whimsical; extravagant; of irregular forms and proportions; ludicrous; antic; resembling the figure found in the subterraneous apartments in the ancient ruins at Rome; applied to pieces of sculpture and painting, and to natural scenery; as grotesque painting; grotesque design.

GROTESK'LY , adjective In a fantastical manner.

GROTESQUE

GROTESQUELY

GROT'TO, noun

1. A large cave or den; a subterraneous cavern, and primarily a natural cave or rent in the earth, or such as is formed by a current of water, or an earthquake.

2. A cave for coolness and refreshment.

GROTESQUELY

GROT'TO, n.

GROUND, noun

1. The surface of land or upper part of the earth, without reference to the materials which compose it. We apply ground to soil, sand or gravel indifferently, but never apply it to the whole mass of the earth or globe, nor to any portion of it when removed. We never say a shovel full or a load of ground We say under ground but not under earth; and we speak of the globe as divided into land and water, not into ground and water. Yet ground earth and land are often used synonymously. We say, the produce or fruits of the ground of the earth, or of land. The water overflows the low ground or the low land.

There was not a man to till the ground Genesis 2:5.

The ground shall give its increase. Zechariah 8:12.

The fire ran along on the ground Exodus 9:23.

2. Region; territory; as Egyptian ground; British ground; heavenly ground

3. Land; estate; possession.

Thy next design is on thy neighbor's grounds.

4. The surface of the earth, or a floor or pavement.

Dagon had fallen on his face to the ground 1 Samuel 5:4.

5. Foundation; that which supports any thing. This argument stands on defensible ground Hence,

6. Fundamental cause; primary reason or original principle. He stated the grounds of his complaint.

Making happiness the ground of his unhappiness.

7. First principles; as the grounds of religion.

8. In painting, the surface on which a figure or object is represented; that surface or substance which retains the original color, and to which the other colors are applied to make the representation; as crimson on a white ground

9. In manufactures, the principal color, to which others are considered as ornamental.

10. Grounds, plural, the bottom of liquors; dregs; lees; feces; as coffee grounds; the grounds of strong beer.

11. The plain song; the tune on which descants are raised.

On that ground I'll build a holy descant.

12. In etching, a gummous composition spread over the surface of the metal to be etched, to prevent the nitric acid from eating, except where the ground is opened with the point of a needle.

13. Field or place of action. He fought with fury, and would not quit the ground

14. In music, the name given to a composition in which the base, consisting of a few bars of independent notes, is continually repeated to a continually varying melody.

15. The foil to set a thing off.

16. Formerly, the pit of a play house.

To gain ground to advance; to proceed forward in conflict; as, an army in battle gains ground Hence, to obtain an advantage; to have some success; as, the army gains ground on the enemy. Hence,

1. To gain credit; to prevail; to become more general or extensive; as, the opinion gains ground

To lose ground to retire; to retreat; to withdraw from the position taken. Hence, to lose advantage. Hence,

1. To lose credit; to decline; to become less in force or extent.

To give ground to recede; to yield advantage.

get ground and to gather ground are seldom used.

GROUND, verb transitive To lay or set on the ground

1. To found; to fix or set, as on a foundation, cause, reason or principle; as arguments grounded on reason; faith grounded on scriptural evidence.

2. To settle in first principles; to fix firmly.

Being rooted and grounded in love Ephesians 3:17.

GROUND, verb intransitive To run aground; to strike the bottom and remain fixed; as, the ship grounded in two fathoms of water.

GROUND, preterit tense and participle passive of grind.

GROUND'AGE, noun A tax paid by a ship for standing in port.

GROUND'-ANGLING, noun Fishing without a float, with a bullet placed a few inches from the hook.

GROUND'-ASH, noun A sapling of ash; a young shoot from the stump of an ash.

GROUND'-BAIT, noun Bait for fish which sinks to the bottom of the water.

GROUND'-FLOOR, noun The first or lower floor of a house. But the English call the second floor from the ground the first floor.

GROUND'LESS, adjective Wanting ground or foundation; wanting cause or reason for support; as groundless fear.

1. Not authorized; false; as a groundless report or assertion.

GROUND'LESSLY, adjective Without reason or cause; without authority for support.

GROUND'LESSNESS, noun Want of just cause, reason or authority for support.

GROUND'LING, noun A fish that keeps at the bottom of the water; hence, a low vulgar person.

GROUND'LY, adverb Upon principles; solidly. [A bad word and not used.]

GROUND'-NUT, noun A plant, the Arachis, a native of South America.

GROUND'-OAK, noun A sapling of oak.

GROUND'-PINE, noun A plant, a species of Teucrium or germander; said to be so called from its resinous smell.

GROUND'-PLATE, noun In architecture, the ground-plates are the outermost pieces of timber lying on or near the ground, framed into one another with mortises and tenons.

GROUND'SEL, noun A plant of the genus Senecio, of several species.

GROUND'SEL

GROUND'-SILL, noun [Latin sella, that which is set.]

The timber of a building which lies next to the ground; commonly called a sill.

GROUND'WORK, noun The work which forms the foundation or support of any thing; the basis; the fundamentals.

1. The ground; that to which the rest are additional.

2. First principle; original reason.

GROUP

GROUP'ED

GROUP'ING

GROUSE, noun grous. A heath-cock or cock of the wood, a fowl of the genus Tetrao. The name is given to several species, forming a particular division of the genus; such as the black game, the red game, the ptarmigan, the ruffed grouse, etc.

GROUP'ED

GROUP'ING

GROUSE, n. grous. A heath-cock or cock of the wood, a fowl of the genus Tetrao. The name is given to several species, forming a particular division of the genus; such as the black game, the red game, the ptarmigan, the ruffed grouse, &c.

GROUT, noun Coarse meal; pollard.

1. A kind of wild apple.

2. A thin coarse mortar.

3. That which purges off.

GROVE, noun

1. In gardening, a small wood or cluster of trees with a shaded avenue, or a wood impervious to the rays of the sun. A grove is either open or close; open, when consisting of large trees whose branches shade the ground below; close, when consisting of trees and underwood, which defend the avenues from the rays of the sun and from violent winds.

2. A wood of small extent. In America, the word is applied to a wood of natural growth in the field, as well as to planted trees in a garden, but only to a wood of small extent and not to a forest.

3. Something resembling a wood or trees in a wood.

Tall groves of masts arose in beauteous pride.

GROV'EL, verb intransitive grov'l.

1. To creep on the earth, or with the face to the ground; to lie prone, or move with the body prostrate on the earth; to act in a prostrate posture.

Gaze on and grovel on thy face.

To creep and grovel on the ground.

2. To be low or mean; a groveling sense; groveling thoughts.

GROV'ELER, noun One who grovels; an abject wretch.

GROV'ELING, participle present tense Creeping; moving on the ground.

1. Mean; without dignity or elevation.

GRO'VY, adjective Pertaining to a grove; frequenting groves.

GROW, verb intransitive preterit tense grew; participle passive grown. [Latin cresco.]

1. To enlarge in bulk or stature, by a natural, imperceptible addition of matter, through ducts and secreting organs, as animal and vegetable bodies; to vegetate as plants, or to be augmented by natural process, as animals. Thus, a plant grows from a seed to a shrub or tree, and a human being grows from a fetus to a man.

He causeth the grass to grow for cattle. Psalms 104:14.

2. To be produced by vegetation; as, wheat grows in most parts of the world; rice grows only in warm climates.

3. To increase; to be augmented; to wax; as, a body grows larger by inflation or distension; intemperance is a growing evil.

4. To advance; to improve; to make progress; as, to grow in grace, in knowledge, in piety. The young man is growing in reputation.

5. To advance; to extend. His reputation is growing.

6. To come by degrees; to become; to reach any state; as, he grows more skillful, or more prudent. Let not vice grow to a habit, or into a habit.

7. To come forward; to advance. [Not much used.]

Winter began to grow fast on.

8. To be changed from one state to another; to become; as, to grow pale; to grow poor; to grow rich.

9. To proceed, as from a cause or reason. Lax morals may grow from errors in opinion.

10. To accrue; to come.

Why should damage grow to the hurt of the kings. Ezra 4:22.

11. To swell; to increase; as, the wind grew to a tempest.

To grow out of, to issue from; as plants from the soil, or as a branch from the main stem.

These wars have grown out of commercial considerations.

To grow up, to arrive at manhood, or to advance to full stature or maturity.

To grow up,

To grow together, To close and adhere; to become united by growth; as flesh or the bark of a tree severed.

GROW, signifies properly to shoot out, to enlarge; but it is often used to denote a passing from one state to another, and from greater to less.

Marriages grow less frequent.

[To grow less, is an abuse of this word; the phrase should be to become less.]

GROW, verb transitive To produce; to raise; as, a farmer grows large quantities of wheat. [This is a modern abusive use of grow but prevalent in Great Britain, and the British use begins to be imitated in America. Until within a few years, we never heard grow used as a transitive verb in New England, and the ear revolts at the practice.]

GROWER, noun One who grows; that which increases.

1. In English use, one who raises or produces.

GROWING, participle present tense Increasing; advancing in size or extent; becoming; accruing; swelling; thriving.

GROWL, verb intransitive [Gr. a grunting.] To murmur or snarl, as a dog; to utter an angry, grumbling sound.

GROWL, verb transitive To express by growling.

GROWL, noun The murmur of a cross dog.

GROWL'ER, noun A snarling cur; a grumbler.

GROWL'ING, participle present tense Grumbling; snarling.

GROWN, participle passive of grow. Advanced; increased in growth.

1. Having arrived at full size or stature; as a grown woman.

GROWN over, covered by the growth of any thing; overgrown.

GROWSE, verb intransitive To shiver; to have chills. [Not used.]

GROWTH, noun The gradual increase of animal and vegetable bodies; the process of springing from a germ, seed or root, and proceeding to full size, by the addition of matter, through ducts and secretory vessels. In plants, vegetation. We speak of slow growth and rapid growth; of early growth; late growth and full growth

1. Product; produce; that which has grown; as a fine growth of wood.

2. Production; any thing produced; as a poem of English growth

3. Increase in number, bulk or frequency.

4. Increase in extent or prevalence; as the growth of trade; the growth of vice.

5. Advancement; progress; improvement; as growth in grace or piety.

GROWT'HEAD

GROWT'NOL noun

1. A kind of fish.

2. A lazy person

GRUB, verb intransitive To dig; to be occupied in digging.

GRUB, verb transitive To dig; mostly followed by up. To grub up, is to dig up by the roots with an instrument; to root out by digging, or throwing out the soil; as, to grub up trees, rushes or sedge.

GRUB, noun [from the Verb.] A small worm; particularly, a hexapod or six-footed worm, produced from the egg of the beetle, which is transformed into a winged insect.

1. A short thick man; a dwarf, in contempt.

GRUB'BER, noun One who grubs up shrubs, etc.

GRUB'BLE, verb intransitive To feel in the dark; to grovel. [Not much used.]

GRUB'STREET, noun Originally, the name of a street near Moorfields, in London, much inhabited by mean writers; hence applied to mean writings; as a grubstreet poem.

GRUDGE', verb transitive [Latin rugio.]

1. To be discontented at another's enjoyments or advantages; to envy one the possession or happiness which we desire for ourselves.

'Tis not in thee

To grudge my pleasures, to cut off my train.

I have often heard the presbyterians say, they did not grudge us our employments.

It is followed by two objects, but probably by ellipsis; as, grudge us for grudge to us.

2. To give or take unwillingly.

Nor grudge my cold embraces in the grave.

They have grudged those contributions, which have set our country at the head of all the governments of Europe.

GRUDGE, verb intransitive To murmur; to repine; to complain; as, to grudge or complain of injustice.

1. To be unwilling or reluctant. Not to serve your country.

2. To be envious.

GRUDGE not one against another. James 5:9.

3. To wish in secret. [Not used nor proper.]

4. To feel compunction; to grieve. [Not in use.]

GRUDGE, noun Sullen malice or malevolence; ill will; secret enmity; hatred; as an old grudge

1. Unwillingness to benefit.

2. Remorse of conscience.

GRUDG'EONS, noun plural Coarse meal. [Not in use.]

GRUDG'ER, noun One that grudges; a murmurer.

GRUDG'ING, participle passive Envying; being uneasy at another's possession of something which we have a desire to possess.

GRUDG'ING, noun Uneasiness at the possession of something by another.

1. Reluctance; also, a secret wish or desire.

He had a grudging still to be a knave.

2. A symptom of disease. [Not in use.]

GRUDG'INGLY, adverb Unwillingly; with reluctance or discontent; as, to give grudgingly

GRU'EL, noun A kind of light food made by boiling meal in water. It is usually made of the meal of oats or maiz.

GRUFF, adjective Of a rough or stern countenance; sour; surly; severe; rugged; harsh.

GRUFF'LY, adverb Roughly; sternly; ruggedly; harshly.

--And gruffly looked the god.

GRUFF'NESS, noun Roughness of countenance; sternness.

GRUM, adjective

1. Morose; severe of countenance; sour; surly.

2. Low; deep in the throat; guttural; rumbling; as a grum voice.

GRUM'BLE, verb intransitive [Heb. to roar, murmur, thunder.]

1. To murmur with discontent; to utter a low voice by way of complaint.

L'Avare, not using half his store,

Still grumbles that he has no more.

2. To growl; to snarl; as a lion grumbling over his prey.

3. To rumble; to roar; to make a harsh and heavy sound; as grumbling thunder; a grumbling storm. [In this sense, rumble is generally used.]

GRUM'BLER, noun One who grumbles or murmurs; one who complains; a discontented man.

GRUM'BLING, participle present tense Murmuring through discontent; rumbling; growling.

GRUM'BLING, noun A murmuring through discontent; a rumbling.

GRUM'BLINGLY, adverb With grumbling or complaint.

GRUME, noun [Latin grumus.] A thick viscid consistence of a fluid; a clot, as of blood, etc.

GRUM'LY, adverb Morosely; with a sullen countenance.

GRU'MOUS, adjective Thick; concreted; clotted; as grumous blood.

GRU'MOUSNESS, noun A state of being clotted or concreted.

GRUND'SEL, noun [See Groundsel.]

GRUNT, verb intransitive [Latin grunnio; Heb. to cry out, to murmur.]

To murmur like a hog; to utter a short groan or a deep guttural sound.

GRUNT, noun A deep guttural sound, as a hog.

GRUNT'ER, noun One that grunts.

1. A fish of the gurnard king.

GRUNT'ING, participle present tense Uttering the murmuring or guttural sound of swine or other animals.

GRUNT'ING, noun The guttural sound of swine and other animals.

GRUNT'LE, verb intransitive To grunt. [Not much used.]

GRUNT'LING, noun A young hog.

GRUTCH, for grudge, is now vulgar, and not to be used.

GRY, noun A measure containing one tenth of a line.

1. Any thing very small or of little value. [Not much used.]

GRYPH'ITE, noun [Latin gryphites; Gr. hooked.]

Crowstone, an oblong fossil shell, narrow at the head, and wider towards the extremity, where it ends in a circular limb; the head or beak is very hooked.