FRACT, verb transitive To break. [Not used.]

FRAC'TION, noun [Latin fractio, frango, fractus, to break. See Break.]

1. The act of breaking or state of being broken, especially by violence.

2. In arithmetic and algebra, a broken part of an integral or integer; any division of a whole number or unit, as 2/5, two fifths, 1/4, one fourth, which are called vulgar fractions. In these, the figure above the line is called the numerator, and the figure below the line the denominator. In decimal fractions, the denominator is a unit, or 1, with as many cyphers annexed, as the numerator has places. They are commonly expressed by writing the numerator only, with a point before it by which it is separated from the whole number; thus .5, which denotes five tenths, 5/10, or half the whole number; .25, that is 25/100, or a fourth part of the whole number.

FRAC'TIONAL, adjective Belonging to a broken number; comprising a part or the parts of a unit; as fractional numbers.

FRAC'TIOUS, adjective Apt to break out into a passion; apt to quarrel; cross; snappish; as a fractious man.

FRAC'TIOUSLY, adverb Passionately; snappishly.

FRAC'TIOUSNESS, noun A cross or snappish temper.

FRAC'TURE, noun [Latin fractura. See Break.]

1. A breach in any body, especially a breach caused by violence; a rupture of a solid body.

2. In surgery, the rupture or disruption of a bone. A fracture is simple or compound; simple, when the bone only is divided; compound, when the bone is broken, with a laceration of the integuments.

3. In mineralogy, the manner in which a mineral breaks, and by which its texture is displayed; as a compact fracture; a fibrous fracture; foliated, striated or conchoidal fracture etc.

FRAC'TURE, verb transitive To break; to burst asunder; to crack; to separate continuous parts; as, to fracture a bone; to fracture the skull.

FRAC'TURED, participle passive Broken; cracked.

FRAC'TURING, participle present tense Breaking; bursting asunder; cracking.

FRAG'ILE, adjective [Latin fragilis, from frango, to break.]

1. Brittle; easily broken.

The stalk of ivy is tough, and not fragile

2. Weak; liable to fail; easily destroyed; as fragile arms.

FRAGIL'ITY, noun

1. Brittleness; easiness to be broken.

2. Weakness; liableness to fail.

3. Frailty; liableness to fault.

FRAG'MENT, noun [Latin fragmentum, from frango, to break.]

1. A part broken off; a piece separated from any thing by breaking.

Gather up the fragments that remain, that nothing is lost. John 6:12.

2. A part separated from the rest; an imperfect part; as fragments of ancient writings.

3. A small detached portion; as fragments of time.

FRAG'MENTARY, adjective Composed of fragments.

FRA'GOR, noun [Latin See Break.]

1. A loud and sudden sound; the report of any thing bursting; a loud harsh sound; a crash.

2. A strong or sweet scent. obsolete

FRA'GRANCE, 'GRANCY, noun [Latin fragrantia, from fragro, to smell strong.]

FRA'GRANT, adjective Sweet of smell; odorous.

Fragrant the fertile earth after soft showers.

FRA'GRANTLY, adverb With sweet scent.

FRAIL, adjective [Latin fragilis, or from a different root.]

1. Weak; infirm; liable to fail and decay; subject to casualties; easily destroyed; perishable; not firm or durable.

That I may know how frail I am. Psalms 39:4.

2. Weak in mind or resolution; liable to error deception.

Man is frail and prone to evil.

3. Weak; easily broken or overset; as a frail bark.

FRAIL, noun

1. A basket made of rushes.

2. A rush for weaving baskets.

3. A certain quantity of raisins, about 75 pounds.

FRA'ILNESS, noun Weakness; infirmity; as the frailness of the body.

FRA'ILTY, noun

1. Weakness of resolution; infirmity; liableness to be deceived or seduced.

God knows our frailty and pities our weakness.

2. Frailness; infirmity of body.

3. Fault proceeding from weakness; foible; sin of infirmity; in this sense it has a plural.

FRAISCHEUR, noun Freshness; coolness. [Not English.]

FRAISE, noun

1. In fortification, a defense consisting of pointed stakes driven into the retrenchments, parallel to the horizon.

2. A pancake with bacon in it. obsolete

FRAME, verb transitive [Latin armus, Eng. arm.]

1. To fit or prepare and unite several parts in a regular structure or entire thing; to fabricate by orderly construction and union of various parts; as, to frame a house or other building.

2. To fit one thing to another; to adjust; to make suitable.

3. To make; to compose; as, to frame a law.

For thou art framed of the firm truth of valor.

4. To regulate; to adjust; to shape; to conform; as, to frame our lives according to the rules of the gospel.

5. To form and digest by thought; as, to frame ideas in the mind.

How many excellent reasonings are framed in the mind of a man of wisdom and study in a length of years!

6. To contrive; to plan; to devise; as, to frame a project or design.

7. To invent; to fabricate, in a bad sense; as, to frame a story or lie.

FRAME, verb intransitive To contrive. Judges 12:6.

FRAME, noun

1. The timbers of an edifice fitted and joined in the form proposed, for the purpose of supporting the covering; as the frame of a house, barn, bridge or ship.

2. Any fabric or structure composed of parts united; as the frame of an ox or horse. So we say, the frame of the heavenly arch; the frame of the world.

3. Any kind of case or structure made for admitting, inclosing or supporting things; as the frame of a window, door, picture or looking glass.

4. Among printers, a stand to support the cases in which the types are distributed.

5. Among founders, a kind of ledge, inclosing a board, which being filled with wet sand, serves as a mold for castings.

6. A sort of loom on which linen, silk, etc. is stretched for quilting or embroidering.

7. Order; regularity; adjusted series or composition of parts. We say, a person is out of frame; the mind is not in a good frame

Your steady soul preserves her frame

8. Form; scheme; structure; constitution; system; as a frame of government.

9. Contrivance; projection.

John the bastard, whose spirits toil in frame of villainies.

10. Shape; form; proportion.

FRA'MED, participle passive Fitted and united in due form; made; composed; devised; adjusted.

FRA'MER, noun One who frames; a maker; a contriver.

FRA'MEWORK, noun Work done in a frame.

FRA'MING, participle present tense Fitting and joining in due construction; making; fabricating; composing; adjusting; inventing; contriving.

FRAM'POLD, adjective Peevish; rugged. [Low and not in use.]

FRANC, noun

1. An ancient coin of France. The value of the gold frank was something more than that of the gold crown. The silver franc was in value a third of the gold one. The gold coin is no longer in circulation. The present franc or frank, is a silver coin of the value nearly of nineteen cents, or ten pence sterling.

2. A letter which is exempted from postage; or the writing which renders it free.

3. A sty for swine. [Not used.]

FRANK, noun

1. A name given by the Turks, Greeks and Arabs to any of the inhabitants of the western parts of Europe, English, French, Italians, etc.

2. The people of Franconia in German.

FRANK, verb transitive

1. To exempt, as a letter from the charge of postage.

2. To shut up in a sty or frank. [Not used.]

3. To feel high; to cram; to fatten. [Not used.]

FRAN'CHISE, noun fran'chiz. [See Frank.] Properly, liberty, freedom. Hence,

1. A particular privilege or right granted by a prince or sovereign to an individual or to a number of persons; as the right to be a body corporate with perpetual succession; the right to hold a court leet or other court; to have waifs, wrecks, treasure-treve, or forfeitures. So the right to vote for governor, senators and representatives, is a franchise belonging to citizens, and not enjoyed by aliens. The right to establish a bank, is a franchise

2. Exemption from a burden or duty to which others are subject.

3. The district or jurisdiction to which a particular privilege extends; the limits of an immunity.

4. An asylum or sanctuary, where persons are secure from arrest.

Churches and monasteries in Spain are franchises for criminals.

FRAN'CHISE, verb transitive To make free; but enfranchise is more generally used.

FRAN'CHISEMENT, noun Release from burden or restriction; freedom.

FRAN'CIC, adjective Pertaining to the Franks or French.

FRANCIS'CAN, adjective Belonging to the order of St. Francis.

FRANCIS'CAN, noun One of the order of St. Francis; an order of monks founded by him in 1209. They are called also Gray Friars.

FRANGIBIL'ITY, noun The state or quality of being frangible.

FRAN'GIBLE, adjective [from Latin frango, to break.] That may be broken; brittle; fragile; easily broken.

FRAN'ION, noun A paramour, or a boon companion. [Not used.]

FRANK, adjective

1. Open; ingenuous; candid; free in uttering real sentiments; not reserved; using no disguise. Young persons are usually frank; old persons are more reserved.

2. Open; ingenuous; as a frank disposition or heart.

3. Liberal; generous; not niggardly. [This sense is now rare.]

4. Free; without conditions or compensation; as a frank gift.

5. Licentious; unrestrained. [Not used.]

FRANKALMOIGNE, noun frankalmoin'.

Free alms; in English law, a tenure by which a religious corporation holds lands to them and their successors forever, on condition of praying for the souls of the donor.

FRANK'CHASE, noun A liberty of free chase, whereby persons having lands within the compass of the same, are prohibited to cut down any wood, etc. out of the view of the forester.

Free chase, is the liberty of keeping beasts of chase or royal game therein, protected even from the owner of the land himself, with a power of hunting them thereon.

FRANK'ED, participle passive Exempted from postage.

FRANK'FEE, noun Freehold; a holding of lands in fee simple.

FRANKIN'CENSE, noun [frank and incense.] A dry resinous substance in pieces or drops, of a pale yellowish white color, of a bitterish acrid taste, and very inflammable; used as a perfume.

FRANK'ING, participle present tense Exempting from postage.

FRANK'LAW, noun Free or common law, or the benefit a person has by it.

FRANK'LIN, noun A freeholder. obsolete

FRANK'LINITE, noun A mineral compound of iron, zinc and manganese, found in New Jersey, and named from Dr. Franklin.

FRANK'LY, adverb

1. Openly; freely; ingenuously; without reserve, constraint or disguise; as, to confess one's faults frankly

2. Liberally; freely; readily. Luke 7:42.

FRANK'MARRIAGE, noun A tenure in tail special; or an estate of inheritance given to a person, together with a wife, and descendible to the heirs of their two bodies begotten.

FRANK'NESS, noun

1. Plainness of speech; candor; freedom in communication; openness; ingenuousness. He told me his opinions with frankness

2. Fairness; freedom from art or craft; as frankness of dealing.

3. Liberality; bounteousness. [Little used.]

FRANK'PLEDGE, noun A pledge or surety for the good behavior of freemen. Anciently in England, a number of neighbors who were bound for each other's good behavior.

FRANKTEN'EMENT, noun An estate of freehold; the possession of the soil by a freeman.

FRAN'TIC, adjective [Latin phreneticus; Gr. from delirium or raving, from mind, the radical sense of which is to rush, to drive forward.]

1. Mad; raving; furious; outrageous; wild and disorderly; distracted; as a frantic person; frantic with fear or grief.

2. Characterized by violence, fury and disorder; noisy; mad; wild; irregular; as the frantic rites of Bacchus.

FRAN'TICLY, adverb Madly; distractedly; outrageously.

FRAN'TICNESS, noun Madness; fury of passion; distraction.

FRAP, verb transitive In seamen's language, to cross and draw together the several parts of a tackle to increase the tension.

FRATERN'AL, adjective [Latin fraternus, from frater, brother.]

Brotherly; pertaining to brethren; becoming brothers; as fraternal love or affection; a fraternal embrace.

FRATERN'ALLY, adverb In a brotherly manner.

FRATERN'ITY, noun [Latin fraternitas.]

1. The state or quality of a brother; brotherhood.

2. A body of men associated for their common interest or pleasure; a company; a brotherhood; a society; as the fraternity of free masons.

3. Men of the same class, profession, occupation or character.

With what terms of respect knaves and sots will speak of their own fraternity

FRATERNIZA'TION, noun The act of associating and holding fellowship as brethren.

FRATERN'IZE, verb intransitive To associate or hold fellowship as brothers, or as men of like occupation or character.

FRAT'RICIDE, noun [Latin fratricidium; frater, brother, and caedo, to kill.]

1. The crime of murdering a brother.

2. One who murders or kills a brother.

FRAUD, noun [Latin fraus.]

Deceit; deception; trick; artifice by which the right or interest of another is injured; a stratagem intended to obtain some undue advantage; an attempt to gain or the obtaining of an advantage over another by imposition or immoral means, particularly deception in contracts, or bargain and sale, either by stating falsehoods, or suppressing truth.

If success a lover's toil attends, who asks if force or fraud obtained his ends.

FRAUD'FUL, adjective

1. Deceitful in making bargains; trickish; treacherous; applied to persons.

2. Containing fraud or deceit; applied to things.

FRAUD'FULLY, adverb Deceitfully; with intention to deceive and gain an undue advantage; trickishly; treacherously; by stratagem.

FRAUD'ULENCE,

FRAUD'ULENCY, noun Deceitfulness; trickishness in making bargains, or in social concerns.

FRAUD'ULENCY, n. Deceitfulness; trickishness in making bargains, or in social concerns.

FRAUD'ULENT, adjective

1. Deceitful in making contracts; trickish; applied to persons.

2. Containing fraud; founded on fraud; proceeding from fraud; as a fraudulent bargain.

3. Deceitful; treacherous; obtained or performed by artifice.

FRAUD'ULENTLY, adverb By fraud; by deceit; by artifice or imposition.

FRAUGHT, adjective fraut.

1. Laden; loaded; charged; as a vessel richly fraught with goods from India. This sense is used in poetry; but in common business, freighted only is used.

2. Filled; stored; full; as a scheme fraught with mischief; the scriptures are fraught with excellent precepts.

FRAUGHT, noun A freight; a cargo. [Not now used.]

FRAUGHT, verb transitive To load; to fill; to crowd. obsolete

FRAUGHT'AGE, noun Loading; cargo. [Not used.]

FRAY, noun [Latin fractura, from frango, frico.]

1. A boil, quarrel or violent riot, that puts men in fear. This is the vulgar word for affray, and the sense seems to refer the word to Fr. effrayer.

2. A combat; a battle; also, a single combat or duel.

3. A contest; contention.

4. A rub; a fret or chafe in cloth; a place injured by rubbing.

FRAY, verb transitive To fright; to terrify. obsolete

FRAY, verb transitive [Latin frico, to rub.]

1. To rub; to fret, as cloth by wearing.

2. To rub; as, a deer frays his head.

FRA'YED, participle passive Frightened; rubbed; worn.

FRA'YING, participle present tense Frightening; terrifying; rubbing.

FRA'YING, noun Peel of a deer's horn.

FREAK, noun

1. Literally, a sudden starting or change of place. Hence,

2. A sudden causeless change or turn of the mind; a whim or fancy; a capricious prank.

She is restless and peevish, and sometimes in a freak will instantly change her habitation.

FREAK, verb transitive [Heb. to divide.]

To variegate; to checker.

FREAKed with many a mingled hue.

FRE'AKISH, adjective Apt to change the mind suddenly; whimsical; capricious.

It may be a question, whether the wife or the woman was the more freakish of the two.

FRE'AKISHLY, adverb Capriciously; with sudden change of mind, without cause.

FRE'AKISHNESS, noun Capriciousness; whimsicalness.

FRECK'LE, noun

1. A spot of a yellowish color in the skin, particularly on the face, neck and hands. Freckles may be natural or produced by the action of the sun on the skin, or from the jaundice.

2. Any small spot or discoloration.

FRECK'LED, adjective

1. Spotted; having small yellowish spots on the skin or surface; as a freckled face or neck.

2. Spotted; as a freckled cowslip.

FRECK'LEDNESS, noun The state or being freckled.

FRECK'LEFACED, adjective Having a face full of freckles.

FRECK'LY, adjective Full of freckles; sprinkled with spots.

FRED, Victorious peace. Our ancestors called a sanctuary, fredstole, a seat of peace.

FREE, noun [Heb. See Frank.]

1. Being at liberty; not being under necessity or restraint, physical or moral; a word of general application to the body, the will or mind, and to corporations.

2. In government, not enslaved; not in a state of vassalage or dependence; subject only to fixed laws, made by consent, and to a regular administration of such laws; not subject to the arbitrary will of a sovereign or lord; as a free state, nation or people.

3. Instituted by a free people, or by consent or choice of those who are to be subjects, and securing private rights and privileges by fixed laws and principles; not arbitrary or despotic; as a free constitution or government.

There can be no free government without a democratical branch in the constitution.

4. Not imprisoned, confined or under arrest; as, the prisoner is set free

5. Unconstrained; unrestrained; not under compulsion or control. A man is free to pursue his own choice; he enjoys free will.

6. Permitted; allowed; open; not appropriated; as, places of honor and confidence are free to all; we seldom hear of a commerce perfectly free

7. Not obstructed; as, the water has a free passage or channel; the house is open to a free current of air.

8. Licentious; unrestrained. The reviewer is very free in his censures.

9. Open; candid; frank; ingenuous; unreserved; as, we had a free conversation together.

Will you be free and candid to your friend?

10. Liberal in expenses; not parsimonious; as a free purse; a man is free to give to all useful institutions.

11. Gratuitous; not gained by importunity or purchase. He made him a free offer of his services. It is a free gift. The salvation of men is of free grace.

12. Clear of crime or offense; guiltless; innocent.

My hands are guilty, but my heart is free

13. Not having feeling or suffering; clear; exempt; with from; as free from pain or disease; free from remorse.

14. Not encumbered with; as free from a burden.

15. Open to all, without restriction or without expense; as a free school.

16. Invested with franchises; enjoying certain immunities; with of; as a man free of the city of London.

17. Possessing without vassalage or slavish conditions; as free of his farm.

18. Liberated from the government or control of parents, or of a guardian or master. A son or an apprentice, when of age, is free

19. Ready; eager; not dull; acting without spurring or shipping; as a free horse.

20. Genteel; charming. [Not in use.]

FREE, verb transitive

1. To remove from a thing any encumbrance or obstruction; to disengage from; to rid; to strip; to clear; as, to free the body from clothes; to free the feet from fetters; to free a channel from sand.

2. To set at liberty; to rescue or release from slavery, captivity or confinement; to loose. The prisoner is freed from arrest.

3. To disentangle; to disengage.

4. To exempt.

He that is dead is freed from sin. Romans 6:18.

5. To manumit; to release from bondage; as, to free a slave.

6. To clear from water, as a ship by pumping.

7. To release from obligation or duty.

To free from or free of, is to rid of, by removing, in any manner.

FREEBENCH', noun A widow's dower in a copyhold.

FREE'BOOTER, noun [ See Booty.]

One who wanders about for plunder; a robber; a pillager; a plunderer.

FREE'BOOTING, noun Robbery; plunder; a pillaging.

FREE'BORN, adjective Born free; not in vassalage; inheriting liberty.

FREECHAP'EL, noun In England, a chapel founded by the king and not subject to the jurisdiction of the ordinary. The kind may also grant license to a subject to found such a chapel.

Free city, in Germany, an imperial city, not subject to a prince, but governed by its own magistrates.

FREE'COST, noun Without expense; freedom from charges.

FREED, participle passive Set at liberty; loosed; delivered from restraint; cleared of hinderance or obstruction.

FREEDEN'IZEN, noun A citizen.

FREE'DMAN, noun A man who has been a slave and is manumitted.

FREE'DOM, noun

1. A state of exemption from the power or control of another; liberty; exemption from slavery, servitude or confinement. freedom is personal, civil, political, and religious. [See Liberty.]

2. Particular privileges; franchise; immunity; as the freedom of a city.

3. Power of enjoying franchises.

4. Exemption from fate, necessity, or any constraint in consequence of predetermination or otherwise; as the freedom of the will.

5. Any exemption from constraint or control.

6. Ease or facility of doing any thing. He speaks or acts with freedom

7. Frankness; boldness. He addressed his audience with freedom

8. License; improper familiarity; violation of the rules of decorum; with a plural. Beware of what are called innocent freedoms.

FREEFISH'ERY, noun A royal franchise or exclusive privilege of fishing in a public river.

FREE'FOOTED, adjective Not restrained in marching. [Not used.]

FREEHEARTED, adjective [See Heart.]

1. Open; frank; unreserved.

2. Liberal; charitable; generous.

FREEHEARTEDNESS, noun Frankness; openness of heart; liberality.

FREE'HOLD, adjective That land or tenement which is held in fee-simple, fee-tail, or for term of life. It is of two kinds; in deed, and in law. The first is the real possession of such land or tenement; the last is the right a man has to such land or tenement, before his entry or seizure.

Freehold is also extended to such offices as a man holds in fee or for life. It is also taken in opposition to villenage.

In the United States, a freehold is an estate which a man holds in his own right, subject to no superior nor to conditions.

FREE'HOLDER, noun One who owns an estate in fee-simple, fee-tail or for life; the possessor of a freehold. Every juryman must be a freeholder

FREE'ING, participle present tense Delivering from restraint; releasing from confinement; removing incumbrances or hinderances from any thing; clearing.

FREE'LY, adverb

1. At liberty; without vassalage, slavery or dependence.

2. Without restraint, constraint or compulsion; voluntarily. To render a moral agent accountable, he must act freely

3. Plentifully; in abundance; as, to eat or drink freely

4. Without scruple or reserve; as, to censure freely

5. Without impediment or hinderance.

Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat. Genesis 2:16.

6. Without necessity, or compulsion from divine predetermination.

Freely they stood who stood, and fell who fell.

7. Without obstruction; largely; copiously. The patient bled freely

8. Spontaneously; without constraint or persuasion.

9. Liberally; generously; as, to give freely to the poor.

10. Gratuitously; of free will or grace, with out purchase or consideration.

Freely ye have received, freely give. Matthew 10:8.

FREE'MAN, noun [free and man.]

1. One who enjoys liberty, or who is not subject to the will of another; one not a slave or vassal.

2. One who enjoys or is entitled to a franchise or peculiar privilege; as the freemen of a city or state.

FREE'MASON, noun One of the fraternity of masons.

FREE'MINDED, adjective Not perplexed; free from care.

FREE'NESS, noun

1. The state or quality of being free, unconstrained, unconfined, unincumbered, or unobstructed.

2. Openness; unreservedness; frankness; ingenuousness; candor; as the freeness of a confession.

3. Liberality; generosity; as freeness in giving.

4. Gratuitousness; as the freeness of divine grace.

FREE'SCHOOL, noun

1. A school supported by funds, etc., in which pupils are taught without paying for tuition.

2. A school open to admit pupils without restriction.

FREE'SPOKEN, adjective Accustomed to speak without reserve.

FREE'STONE, noun Any species of stone composed of sand or grit, so called because it is easily cut or wrought.

FREE'THINKER, noun A softer name for a deist; an unbeliever; one who discards revelation.

FREE'THINKING, noun Unbelief.

FREE'TONGUED, adjective Speaking without reserve.

FREEWAR'REN, noun A royal franchise or exclusive right of killing beasts and fowls of warren within certain limits.

FREEWILL', noun

1. The power of directing our own actions without restraint by necessity or fate.

2. Voluntariness; spontaneousness.

FREE'WOMAN, noun A woman not a slave.

FREEZE, verb intransitive preterit tense froze; participle passive frozen, or froze. [Gr. had for its radical letters.]

1. To be congealed by cold; to be changed from a liquid to a solid state by the abstraction of heat; to be hardened into ice or a like solid body. Water freezes at the temperature of 32 degrees above zero by Fahrenheit's thermometer. Mercury freezes at 40 degrees below zero.

2. To be of that degree of cold at which water congeals.

3. To chill; to stagnate, or to retire from the extreme vessels; as, the blood freezes in the veins.

4. To be chilled; to shiver with cold.

5. To die by means of cold. We say a man freezes to death.

FREEZE, verb transitive

1. To congeal; to harden into ice; to change from a fluid to a solid form by cold or abstraction of heat. This weather will freeze the rivers and lakes.

2. To kill by cold; but we often add the words to death. this air will freeze you, or freeze you to death.

3. To chill; to give the sensation of cold and shivering. This horrid tale freezes my blood.

FREEZE, in architecture. [See Frieze.]

FREIGHT, noun frate. [Latin fero; formed like bright.]

1. The cargo, or any part of the cargo of a ship; lading; that which is carried by water. The freight of a ship consists of cotton; the ship has not a full freight; the owners have advertised for freight; freight will be paid for by the ton.

2. Transportation of goods. We paid four dollars a ton for the freight from London to Barcelona.

3. The hire of a ship, or money charged or paid for the transportation of goods. After paying freight and charges, the profit is trifling.

FREIGHT, verb transitive

1. To load with goods, as a ship or vessel of any kind, for transporting them from one place to another. We freighted the ship for Amsterdam; the ship was freighted with flour for Havana.

2. To load as the burden.

FREIGHTED, participle passive Loaded, as a ship or vessel.

FREIGHTER, noun One who loads a ship, or one who charters and loads a ship.

FREIGHTING, participle present tense Loading, as a ship or vessel.

FREISLEBEN, noun A mineral of a blue or bluish gray color, brittle and soft to the touch.

FREN, noun A stranger. [Not used.]

FRENCH, adjective Pertaining to France or its inhabitants.

FRENCH Chalk, scaly talc, a variety of indurated talc, in masses composed of small scales; its color is pearly white or grayish.

FRENCH, noun The language spoken by the people of France.

FRENCH'IFY, verb transitive To make French; to infect with the manner of the French.

FRENCH'LIKE, adjective Resembling the French.

FRENET'IC, adjective [See Frantic and Phrenetic.]

FREN'ZIED, part. adjective Affected with madness.

FREN'ZY, noun [Latin phrenitis, Gr. from mind, which is from moving, rushing. See Frantic.]

Madness; distraction; rage; or any violent agitation of the mind approaching to distraction.

All else is towering frenzy and distraction.

FRE'QUENCE, noun [Latin frequentia.] A crowd; a throng; a concourse; an assembly. [Little used.]

FRE'QUENCY, noun

1. A return or occurrence of a thing often repeated at short intervals. The frequency of crimes abates our horror at the commission; the frequency of capital punishments tends to destroy their proper effect.

2. A crowd; a throng. [Not used.]

FRE'QUENT, adjective [Latin frequens.]

1. Often seen or done; often happening at short intervals; often repeated or occurring. We made frequent visits to the hospital.

2. Used often to practice any thing. He was frequent and loud in his declamations against the revolution.

3. Full; crowded; thronged. [Not used.]

FRE'QUENT, verb transitive [Latin frequento.]

To visit often; to resort to often or habitually. The man who frequents a dram-shop, an ale house, or a gaming table, is in the road to poverty, disgrace and ruin.

He frequented the court of Augustus.

FREQUENT'ABLE, adjective Accessible. [Not used.]

FREQUENTA'TION, noun

1. The act of frequenting.

2. The habit of visiting often.

FREQUENT'ATIVE, adjective

In grammar, signifying the frequent repetition of an action; as a frequentative verb.

FRE'QUENTED, participle passive Often visited.

FRE'QUENTER, noun One who often visits or resorts to customarily.

FRE'QUENTLY, adverb Often; many times; at short intervals; commonly.

FRE'QUENTNESS, noun The quality of being frequent or often repeated.

FRES'CO, noun

1. Coolness; shade; a cool refreshing state of the air; duskiness.

2. A picture not drawn in glaring light, but in dusk.

3. A method of painting in relief on walls, performed with water-colors on fresh plaster, or on a wall laid with mortar not yet dry. the colors, incorporating with the mortar, and drying with it, become very durable. It is called fesco, either because it is done on fresh plaster, or because it is used on walls and buildings in the open air.

4. A cool refreshing liquor.

FRESH, adjective [Eng. rush, which gives the radical sense, though it may not be the same word.]

1. Moving with celerity; brisk; strong; somewhat vehement; as a fresh breeze; fresh wind; the primary sense.

2. Having the color and appearance of young thrifty plants; lively; not impaired or faded; as when we say, the fields look fresh and green.

3. Having the appearance of a healthy youth; florid; ruddy; as a fresh-colored young man.

4. New; recently grown; as fresh vegetables.

5. New; recently made or obtained. We have a fresh supply of goods from the manufactory, or from India; fresh tea; fresh raisins.

6. Not impaired by time; not forgotten or obliterated. The story is fresh in my mind; the ideas are fresh in my recollection.

7. Not salt; as fresh water; fresh meat.

8. Recently from the well or spring; pure and cool; not warm or vapid. Bring a glass of fresh water.

9. In a state like that of recent growth or recentness; as, to preserve flowers and fruit fresh

FRESH as April, sweet as May.

10. Repaired from loss or diminution; having new vigor. He rose fresh for the combat.

11. New; that has lately come or arrived; as fresh news; fresh dispatches.

12. Sweet; in a good state; not stale.

13. Unpracticed; unused; not before employed; as a fresh hand on board of a ship.

14. Moderately rapid; as, the ship makes fresh way.

FRESH, noun A freshet.

FRESH'EN, verb transitive fresh'n.

1. To make fresh; to dulcify; to separate, as water from saline particles; to take saltiness from any thing; as, to freshen water, fish or flesh.

2. To refresh; to revive. [Not used.]

3. In seaman's language, to apply new service to a cable; as, to freshen hawse.

FRESH'EN, verb intransitive

1. To grow fresh; to lose salt or saltiness.

2. To grow brisk or strong; as, the wind freshens.

FRESH'ENED, participle passive Deprived of saltiness; sweetened.

FRESH'ES, noun

1. The mingling of fresh water with salt water in rivers or bays, or the increased current of an ebb tide by means of a flood of fresh water, flowing towards or into the sea, and discoloring the water.

2. A flood; an overflowing; an inundation; a freshet.

FRESH'ET, n

1. A flood or overflowing of a river, by means of heavy rains or melted snow; an inundation.

2. A stream of fresh water.

FRESH'LY, adverb

1. Newly; in the former state renewed; in a new or fresh state.

2. With a healthy look; ruddily.

3. Briskly; strongly.

4. Coolly.

FRESH'MAN, noun

1. A novice; one in the rudiments of knowledge.

2. In colleges, one of the youngest class of students.

FRESH'MANSHIP, noun The state of a freshman.

FRESH'NESS, noun

1. Newness; vigor; spirit; the contrary to vapidness; as the freshness of liquors or odors.

2. Vigor; liveliness; the contrary to a faded state; as the freshness of plants or of green fields.

3. Newness of strength; renewed vigor; opposed to weariness or fatigue.

The Scots had the advantage both for number and freshness of men.

4. Coolness; invigorating quality or state.

And breathe the freshness of the open air.

5. Color of youth and health; ruddiness.

Her cheeks their freshness lose and wonted grace.

6. Freedom from saltiness; as the freshness of water or flesh.

7. A new or recent state or quality; rawness.

8. Briskness, as of wind.

FRESH'NEW, adjective Unpracticed. [Not used.]

FRESH'WATER, adjective

1. Accustomed to sail on freshwater only, or in the coasting trade; as a freshwater sailor.

2. Raw; unskilled.

FRESH'WATERED, adjective Newly watered; supplied with fresh water.

FRET, verb transitive [Latin rodo, rosi, rado, to scrape. To fret or gnaw gives the sense of unevenness, roughness, in substances; the like appearance is given to fluids by agitation.]

1. To rub; to wear away a substance by friction; as, to fret cloth; to fret a piece of gold or other metal.

2. To corrode; to gnaw; to ear away; as, a worm frets the planks of a ship.

3. To impair; to wear away.

By starts, his fretted fortunes give him hope and fear.

4. To form into raised work.

5. To variegate; to diversify.

Yon gray lines that fret the clouds are messengers of day.

6. To agitate violently.

7. To agitate; to disturb; to make rough; to cause to ripple; as, to fret the surface of water.

8. To tease; to irritate; to vex; to make angry.

FRET not thyself because of evil doers. Psalms 37:1.

9. To wear away; to chafe; to gall. Let not a saddle or harness fret the skin of your horse.

FRET, verb intransitive

1. To be worn away; to be corroded. Any substance will in time fret away by friction.

2. To eat or wear in; to make way of attrition or corrosion.

Many wheels arose, and fretted one into another with great excoriation.

3. To be agitated; to be in violent commotion; as the rancor that frets in the malignant breast.

4. To be vexed; to be chafed or irritated; to be angry; to utter peevish expressions.

He frets, he fumes, he stares, he stamps the ground.

FRET, noun

1. The agitation of the surface of a fluid by fermentation or other cause; a rippling on the surface of water; small undulations continually repeated.

2. Work raised in protuberances; or a kind of knot consisting of two lists or small fillets interlaced, used as an ornament in architecture.

3. Agitation of mind; commotion of temper; irritation; as, he keeps his mind in a continual fret

Yet then did Dennis rave in furious fret

4. A short piece of wire fixed on the fingerboard of a guitar, etc., which being pressed against the strings varies the tone.

5. In heraldry, a bearing composed of bars crossed and interlaced.

FRET, verb transitive To furnish with frets, as an instrument of music.

FRET, noun [Latin fretum.] A frith, which see.

FRET'FUL, adjective Disposed to fret; ill-humored; peevish; angry; in a state of vexation; as a fretful temper.

FRET'FULLY, adverb Peevishly; angrily.

FRET'FULNESS, noun Peevishness; ill-humor; disposition to fret and complain.

FRETT, noun With miners, the worn side of the bank of a river.

FRET'TED, participle passive Eaten; corroded; rubbed or worn away; agitated; vexed; made rough on the surface; variegated; ornamented with fretwork; furnished with frets.

FRET'TER, noun That which frets.

FRET'TING, participle present tense Corroding; wearing away; agitating; vexing; making rough on the surface; variegating.

FRET'TING, noun Agitation; commotion.

FRETTY, adjective Adorned with fretwork.

FRE'TUM, noun [Latin] An arm of the sea.

FRET'WORK, noun Raised work; work adorned with frets.

FRIABIL'ITY,

FRI'ABLE, adjective [Latin friabilis, from frio, to break or crumble. Heb. to break.]

Easily crumbled or pulverized; easily reduced to powder. Pumice and calcined stones are very friable.

FRI'ABLE, a. [L. friabilis, from frio, to break or crumble. Heb. to break.]

FRI'ABLENESS, noun [See Friable.] The quality of being easily broken, crumbled and reduced to powder.

FRI'AR, noun [Latin frater. See Brother.]

1. An appellation common to the monks of all orders; those who enter religious orders considering themselves as a fraternity or brotherhood. Friars are generally distinguished into four principal branches, viz:1. Minors, gray friars or Franciscans; 2. Augustines; 3. Dominicans or black friars; 4. White Friars or Carmelites.

2. In a restricted sense, a monk who is not a priest; those friars who are in orders being called fathers.

FRI'ARLIKE, adjective Like a friar; monastic; unskilled in the world.

FRI'ARLY, adjective Like a friar; untaught in the affairs of life.

FRI'ARY, noun A monastery; a convent of friars.

FRI'ARY, adjective Like a friar; pertaining to friars.

FRIB'BLE, adjective [Latin frivolus.] Frivolous; trifling; silly.

FRIB'BLE, noun A frivolous, trifling, contemptible fellow.

FRIB'BLE, verb intransitive To trifle; also, to totter.

FRIB'BLER, noun A trifler.

FRI'BORG, noun [free and burg.] The same as frankpledge.

FRIC'ACE, noun [See Fricassee.] Meat sliced and dressed with strong sauce; also, an unguent prepared by frying things together. obsolete

FRICASSEE', noun [Latin frigo.]

A dish of food made by cutting chickens, rabbits or other small animals into pieces, and dressing them in a frying pan, or a like utensil.

FRICASSEE', verb transitive To dress in fricassee

FRICA'TION, noun [Latin fricatio, from frico, to rub.] The act of rubbing; friction. [Little used.]

FRIC'TION, noun [Latin frictio, frico, to rub.]

1. The act of rubbing the surface of one body against that of another; attrition. Many bodies by friction emit light, and friction generates or evolves heat.

2. In mechanics, the effect of rubbing, or the resistance which a moving body meets with from the surface on which it moves.

3. In medicine, the rubbing of the body with the hand, or with a brush, flannel, etc.; or the rubbing of a diseased part with oil, unguent or other medicament.

FRI'DAY, noun

The sixth day of the week, formerly consecrated to Frigga.

FRIDGE, verb transitive To move hastily. [Not in use.]

FRIEND, noun frend.

1. One who is attached to another by affection; one who entertains for another sentiments of esteem, respect and affection, which lead him to desire his company, and to seek to promote his happiness and prosperity; opposed to foe or enemy.

A friend loveth at all times. Proverbs 17:17.

2. One not hostile; opposed to an enemy in war.

3. One reconciled after enmity. Let us be friends again.

4. An attendant; a companion.

5. A favorer; one who is propitious; as a friend to commerce; a friend to poetry; a friend to charitable institution.

6. A favorite. Hushai was David's friend

7. A term of salutation; a familiar compellation.

FRIEND, how camest thou in hither? Matthew 22:12.

So Christ calls Judas his friend though a traitor.

Mat 26.

8. Formerly, a paramour.

9. A friend at court, one who has sufficient interest to serve another.

FRIEND, verb transitive frend. To favor; to countenance; to befriend; to support or aid. [But we now use befriend.]

FRIEND'ED, participle passive frend'ed.

1. Favored; befriended.

2. adjective Inclined to love; well disposed.

FRIEND'LESS, adjective frend'less. Destitute of friends; wanting countenance or support; forlorn.

FRIEND'LIKE, adjective frend'like. Having the dispositions of a friend.

FRIEND'LINESS, noun frend'liness.

1. A disposition to friendship; friendly disposition.

2. Exertion of benevolence or kindness.

FRIEND'LY, adjective frend'ly.

1. Having the temper and disposition of a friend; kind; favorable; disposed to promote the good of another.

Thou to mankind be good and friendly still, and oft return.

2. Disposed to peace.

3. Amicable. We are on friendly terms.

4. Not hostile; as a friendly power or state.

5. Favorable; propitious; salutary; promoting the good of; as a friendly breeze or gale. Excessive rains are not friendly to the ripening fruits. Temperance is friendly to longevity.

FRIEND'LY, adverb frend'ly. In the manner of friends; amicably. [Not much used.]

FRIEND'SHIP, noun frend'ship.

1. An attachment to a person, proceeding from intimate acquaintance, and a reciprocation of kind offices, or from a favorable opinion of the amiable and respectable qualities of his mind. friendship differs from benevolence, which is good will to mankind in general, and from that love which springs from animal appetite. True friendship is a noble and virtuous attachment, springing from a pure source, a respect for worth or amiable qualities. False friendship may subsist between bad men, as between thieves and pirates. This is a temporary attachment springing from interest, and may change in a moment to enmity and rancor.

There can be no friendship without confidence, and no confidence without integrity.

There is little friendship in the world.

The first law of friendship is sincerity.

2. Mutual attachment; intimacy.

If not in friendship live at least in peace.

3. Favor; personal kindness.

His friendships, still a few confined, were always of the middling kind.

4. Friendly aid; help; assistance.

5. Conformity; affinity; correspondence; aptness to unite.

We know those colors which have a friendship with each other.

[Not common and hardly legitimate.]

FRIEZE, noun freez. [Gr. to shiver or tremble with fear, whose elements are frg or frk.]

1. Properly, the nap on woolen cloth; hence, a kind of coarse woolen cloth or stuff, with a nap on one side.

2. In architecture, that part of the entablature of a column which is between the architrave and cornice. It is a flat member or face, usually enriched with figures of animals or other ornaments of sculpture, whence its name.

Cornice or frieze with bossy sculptures graven.

FRIE'ZED, adjective Napped; shaggy with nap or frieze.

FRIE'ZELIKE, adjective Resembling frieze.

FRIG'ATE, noun [Gr. signifies not fortified. Latin aphractum, an open ship or vessel.]

1. A ship of war, of a size larger than a sloop or brig, and less than a ship of the line; usually having two decks and carrying from thirty to forty four guns. But ships mounting a less number than thirty guns are sometimes called frigates; as are ships carrying a larger number.

2. Any small vessel on the water. [Not used.]

FRIGATOON', noun A Venetian vessel with a square stern, without a foremast, having only a mainmast and mizenmast.

FRIGEFAC'TION, noun [Latin frigus, cold, and facio, to make.] The act of making cold. [Little used.]

FRIGHT, noun frite. [Gr. to fear, that is, to shrink or shiver.]

Sudden and violent fear; terror; a passion excited by the sudden appearance of danger. It expresses more than fear, and is distinguished from fear and dread, by its sudden invasion and temporary existence; fright being usually of short duration, whereas fear and dread may be long continued.

FRIGHTED,

FRIGHTEN, verb transitive To terrify; to scare; to alarm suddenly with danger; to shock suddenly with the approach of evil; to daunt; to dismay.

Nor exile or danger can fright a brave spirit.

FRIGHTEN, v.t. To terrify; to scare; to alarm suddenly with danger; to shock suddenly with the approach of evil; to daunt; to dismay.

FRIGHTENED, participle passive Terrified; suddenly alarmed with danger.

FRIGHTFUL, adjective Terrible; dreadful; exciting alarm; impressing terror; as a frightful chasm or precipice; a frightful tempest.

FRIGHTFULLY, adverb

1. Terribly; dreadfully; in a manner to impress terror and alarm; horribly.

2. Very disagreeably; shockingly. She looks frightfully to day.

FRIGHTFULNESS, noun The quality of impressing terror.

FRIG'ID, adjective [Latin frigidus, from frigeo, to be or to grow cold; rigeo, to be stiff or frozen. Gr.]

1. Cold; wanting heat or warmth; as the frigid zone.

2. Wanting warmth of affection; unfeeling; as a frigid temper or constitution.

3. Wanting natural heat or vigor sufficient to excite the generative power; impotent.

4. Dull; jejune; unanimated; wanting the fire of genius or fancy; as a frigid style; frigid rhymes.

5. Stiff; formal; forbidding; as a frigid look or manner.

6. Wanting zeal; dull; formal; lifeless; as frigid services.

FRIGID'ITY, noun

1. Coldness; want of warmth. But not applied to the air or weather.

2. Want of natural heat, life and vigor of body; impotency; imbecility; as the frigidity of old age.

3. Coldness of affection.

4. Dullness; want of animation or intellectual fire; as the frigidity of sentiments or style.

FRIG'IDLY, adverb Coldly; dully; without affection.

FRIG'IDNESS, noun Coldness; dullness; want of heat or vigor; want of affection. [See Frigidity.]

FRIGORIF'IC, adjective [Latin frigorificus; frigus, cold, and facio, to make.]

Causing cold; producing or generating cold.

FRILL, noun [infra.] An edging of fine linen on the bosom of a shirt or other similar thing; a ruffle.

FRILL, verb intransitive

To shake; to quake; to shiver as with cold; as, the hawk frills.

FIRM, adjective Flourishing. [Not in use.]

FRINGE, noun frinj. [Latin frango, to break.]

1. An ornamental appendage to the borders of garments or furniture, consisting of loose threads.

The golden fringe ev'n set the ground on flame.

2. Something resembling fringe; an open broken border.

FRINGE, verb transitive To adorn or border with fringe or a loose edging.

FRING'ED, participle passive Bordered with fringe.

FRINGEMAKER, noun One who makes fringe.

FRING'ING, participle present tense Bordering with fringe.

FRING'Y, adjective Adorned with fringes.

FRIP'PERER, noun [See Frippery.] One who deals in old cloths.

FRIP'PERY, noun

1. Old clothes; cast dresses; clothes thrown aside, after wearing. Hence, waste matter; useless things; trifles; as the frippery of wit.

2. The place where old clothes are sold.

3. The trade or traffic in old clothes.

FRISEU'R, noun A hair dresser.

FRISK, verb intransitive

1. To leap; to skip; to spring suddenly one way and the other.

The fish fell a frisking in the net.

2. To dance, skip and gambol in frolic and gaiety.

The frisking satyrs on the summits danced.

In vain to frisk or climb he tries.

FRISK, adjective Lively; brisk; blithe.

FRISK, noun A frolic; a fit of wanton gaiety.

FRISK'AL, noun A leap or caper. [Not in use.]

FRISK'ER, noun One who leaps or dances in gaiety; a wanton; an inconstant or unsettled person.

FRISK'ET, noun [See Frisk.]

In printing, the light frame in which a sheet of paper is confined to be laid on the form for impression.

FRISK'FUL, adjective Brisk; lively.

FRISK'INESS, noun Briskness and frequency of motion; gaiety; liveliness; a dancing or leaping in frolic.

FRISK'ING, participle present tense Leaping; skipping; dancing about; moving with life and gaiety.

FRISK'Y, adjective Gay; lively.

FRIT, noun [Latin frictus, frigo, Eng. to fry.]

In the manufacture of glass, the matter of which glass is made after it has been calcined or baked in a furnace. It is a composition of silex and fixed alkali, occasionally with other ingredients.

FRITH, noun [Latin freetum; Gr. from to pass over, or to pass; properly, a passage, a narrow channel that is passable or passed.]

1. A narrow passage of the sea; a strait. It is used for the opening of a river into the sea; as the frith of Forth, or of Clyde.

2. A kind of wear for catching fish.

FRITH, noun

1. A forest; a woody place.

2. A small field taken out of a common.

[Not used in America.]

FRITH'Y, adjective Woody. [Not in use.]

FRIT'ILLARY, noun [Latin fritillus, a dice-box.]

The crown imperial, a genus of plants, called in the Spanish dictionary checkered lily.

FRIT'TER, noun [Latin frictus, fried.]

1. A small pancake; also, a small piece of meat fried.

2. A fragment; a shred; a small piece.

And cut whole giants into fritters.

FRIT'TER, verb transitive

1. To cut meat into small pieces to be fried.

2. To break into small pieces or fragments.

Break all their nerves, and fritter all their sense.

To fritter away, is to diminish; to pare off; to reduce to nothing by taking away a little at a time.

FRIVOL'ITY, noun [See Frivolousness.]

FRIV'OLOUS, adjective [Latin frivlus, from the root of frio, to break into small pieces, to crumble; tero, trivi, to rub or wear out.]

Slight; trifling; trivial; of little weight, worth or importance; not worth notice; as a frivolous argument; a frivolous objection or pretext.

FRIV'OLOUSLY, adverb In a trifling manner.

FRIV'OLOUSNESS, noun The quality of being trifling or of very little worth or importance; want of consequence.

FRIZ, verb transitive [See Frieze.]

1. To curl; to crisp to form into small curls with a crisping-pin.

2. To form the nap of cloth into little hard burs, prominences or knobs.

FRIZ'ED, participle passive Curled; formed into little burs on cloth.

FRIZ'ING, participle present tense Curling; forming little hard burs on cloth.

FRIZ'ZLE, verb transitive To curl; to crisp; as hair.

FRIZ'ZLED, participle passive Curled; crisped.

FRIZ'ZLER, noun One who makes short curls.

FRIZ'ZLING, participle present tense Curling; crisping.

FRO, adverb [In some languages it is a prefix, having the force of a negative.]

FROm; away; back or backward; as in the phrase, to and fro that is, to and from, forward or toward and backward, hither and thither.

FROCK, noun

An upper coat, or an outer garment. The word is now used for a loose garment or shirt worn by men over their other clothes, and for a kind of gown open behind, worn by females. The frock was formerly a garment worn by monks.

FROG, noun [Latin rana, from the root of rend, from its broken shape, or from leaping, or its fragor or hoarse voice.]

1. An amphibious animal of the genus Rana, with four feet, a naked body, and without a tail. It is remarkable for swimming with rapidity, and for taking large leaps on land. Frogs lie torpid during winter.

2. In farriery. [See Frush.]

FROG'BIT, noun A plant, the Hydrocharis.

FROG'FISH, noun

1. An animal of surinam, which is said to change from a fish to a frog and then to a fish again. It is cartilaginous, and exquisite food.

2. The Lophius, or fishing frog.

FROG'GRASS, noun A plant.

FROG'GY, adjective Having frogs.

FROISE, noun A kind of food made by frying bacon inclosed in a pancake.

FROL'ICK, adjective

Gay; merry; full of levity; dancing, playing or frisking about; full of pranks.

The frolick wind that breathes the spring.

The gay, the frolick and the loud.

[This adjective is seldom used except in poetry. As a noun and a verb, its use is common.]

FROL'ICK, noun

1. A wild prank; a flight of levity, or gaiety and mirth.

He would be at his frolick once again.

2. A scene of gaiety and mirth, as in dancing or play. [This is a popular use of the word in America.]

FROL'ICK, verb intransitive To play wild pranks; to play tricks of levity, mirth and gaiety.

The buzzing insects frolick in the air.

FROL'ICKLY, adverb With mirth and gaiety. obsolete

FROL'ICKSOME, adjective Full of gaiety and mirth; given to pranks.

FROL'ICKSOMENESS, noun Gaiety; wild pranks.

FROM, preposition

The sense of from may be expressed by the noun distance, or by the adjective distant, or by the participles, departing, removing to a distance. Thus it is one hundred miles from Boston to Hartford. He took his sword from his side. Light proceeds from the sun. Water issues from the earth in springs. Separate the coarse wool from the fine. Men have all sprung from Adam. Men often go from good to bad, and from bad to worse. The merit of an action depends on the principle from which it proceeds. Men judge of facts from personal knowledge, or from testimony. We should aim to judge from undeniable premises.

The sense of from is literal or figurative, but it is uniformly the same.

In certain phrases, generally or always elliptical, from is followed by certain adverbs, denoting place, region or position, indefinitely, no precise point being expressed; as,

FROM above, from the upper regions.

FROM afar, from a distance.

FROM beneath, from a place or region below.

FROM below, from a lower place.

FROM behind, from a place or position in the rear.

FROM far, from a distant place.

FROM high, from on high, from a high place, from an upper region, or from heaven.

FROM hence, from this place; but from is superfluous before hence. The phrase however is common.

FROM thence, from that place; from being superfluous.

FROM whence, from which place; from being superfluous.

FROM where, from which place.

FROM within, from the interior or inside.

FROM without, from the outside, from abroad.

FROM precedes another preposition, followed by its proper object or case.

FROM amidst, as from amidst the waves.

FROM among, as from among the trees.

FROM beneath, as from beneath my head.

FROM beyond, as from beyond the river.

FROM forth, as from forth his bridal bower. But this is an inverted order of the words; forth from his bower.

FROM off, as from off the mercy seat, that is, from the top or surface.

FROM out, as from out a window, that is, through an opening or from the inside.

FROM out of, is an ill combination of words and not to be used.

FROM under, as from under the bed, from under the ashes, that is, from beneath or the lower side.

FROM within, as from within the house, that is, from the inner part or interior.

FROM'WARD, adverb Away from; the contrary of toward.

FROND, noun [Latin frons, frondis. the sense is a shoot or shooting forward, as in frons, frontis.]

In botany, a term which Linne applies to the peculiar leafing of palms and ferns. He defines it, a kind of stem which has the branch united with the leaf and frequently with the fructification. The term seems to import the union of a leaf and a branch.

FRONDA'TION, noun A lopping of trees.

FRONDES'CENCE, noun [Latin frondesco, from frons.]

In botany, the precise time of the year and month in which each species of plants unfolds its leaves.

FRONDIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin frons, and fero, to bear.] Producing fronds.

FROND'OUS, adjective A frondous flower is one which is leafy, one which produces branches charged with both leaves and flowers. Instances of this luxuriance sometimes occur in the rose and anemone.

FRONT, noun [Latin frons, frontis; Gr. the nose.]

1. Properly, the forehead, or part of the face above the eyes; hence, the whole face.

His front yet threatens, and his frowns command.

2. The forehead or face, as expressive of the temper or disposition; as a fold front equivalent to boldness or impudence. So a hardened front is shamelessness.

3. The forepart of any thing; as the front of a house, the principal face or side.

4. The forepart or van of an army or a body of troops.

5. The part or place before the face, or opposed to it, or to the forepart of a thing. He stood in front of his troops. The road passes in front of his house.

6. The most conspicuous part or particular.

7. Impudence; as men of front

FRONT, verb transitive

1. To oppose face to face; to oppose directly.

I shall front thee, like some staring ghost, with all my wrongs about me.

2. To stand opposed or opposite, or over against any thing; as, his house fronts the church.

FRONT, verb intransitive

1. To stand foremost.

2. To have the face or front towards any point of compass.

FRONT'AL, noun [Latin frontale., frons.]

1. In medicine, a medicament or preparation to be applied to the forehead.

2. In architecture, a little pediment or frontpiece, over a small door or window.

3. In Jewish ceremonies, a frontlet or browband, consisting of four pieces of vellum, laid on leather, and tied round the forehead in the synagogue; each piece containing some text of scripture.

FRONT'BOX, noun The box in a playhouse before the rest.

FRONT'ED, adjective Formed with a front.

FRONTIE'R, noun

The marches; the border, confine, or extreme part of a country, bordering on another country; that is, the part furthest advanced, or the part that fronts an enemy, or which an invading enemy meets in front, or which fronts another country.

FRONTIE'R, adjective Lying on the exterior part; bordering; conterminous; as a frontier town.

FRONTIE'RED, adjective Guarded on the frontiers.

FRONTINAC'

FRONTINIAC, noun A species of French wine, named from the place in Languedoc where it is produced.

FRONTINIAC, n. A species of French wine, named from the place in Languedoc where it is produced.

FRONT'ISPIECE, noun [Latin frontispicium; frons and specio, to view.]

1. In architecture, the principal face of a building; the face that directly presents itself to the eye.

2. An ornamental figure or engraving fronting the first page of a book, or at the beginning.

FRONT'LESS, adjective Wanting shame or modesty; not diffident; as frontless vice; frontless flattery.

FRONT'LET, noun [from front.] A frontal or browband; a fillet or band worn on the forehead. Deuteronomy 6:8.

FRONTROOM, noun a room or apartment in the forepart of a house.

FROP'PISH, adjective Peevish; froward. [Not in use.]

FRORE, adjective Frozen

FRORNE, adjective Frozen

FRO'RY, adjective

1. Frozen.

2. Covered with a froth resembling hoarfrost. [Not in use.]

FROST, noun

1. A fluid congealed by cold into ice or crystals; as hoar-frost, which is dew or vapor congealed.

He scattereth the hoar-frost like ashes. Psalms 147:1.

2. The act of freezing; congelation of fluids.

The third day comes a frost a killing frost

3. In physiology, that state or temperature of the air which occasions freezing or the coagelation of water.

4. The appearance of plants sparkling with icy crystals.

FROST, verb transitive

1. In cookery, to cover or sprinkle with a composition of sugar, resembling hoar-frost; as, to frost cake.

2. To cover with any thing resembling hoarfrost.

FROST'BITTEN, adjective Nipped, withered or affected by frost.

FROST'ED, participle passive

1. Covered with a composition like white frost.

2. adjective Having hair changed to a gray or white color, as if covered with hoar-frost; as a head frosted by age.

FROST'ILY, adverb

1. With frost or excessive cold.

2. Without warmth of affection; coldly.

FROST'INESS, noun The state or quality of being frosty; freezing cold.

FROST'ING, participle present tense covering with something resembling hoar-frost.

FROST'ING, noun the composition resembling hoar-frost, used to cover cake, etc.

FROST'LESS, adjective Free from frost; as a frostless winter.

FROST'NAIL, noun a nail driven into a horse-shoe, to prevent the horse from slipping on ice. In some of the United States, the ends of the shoe are pointed for this purpose, and these points are called calks.

FROST'WORK, noun Work resembling hoar-frost on shrubs.

FROST'Y, adjective

1. Producing frost; having power to congeal water; as a frosty night; frosty weather.

2. Containing frost; as, the grass is frosty

3. Chill in affection; without warmth of affection or courage.

4. Resembling hoar-frost; white gray-haired; as a frosty head.

FROTH, noun frauth. [Gr.]

1. Spume; foam; the bubbles causes in liquors by fermentation or agitation.

2. Any empty, senseless show of wit or eloquence.

3. Light, unsubstantial matter.

FROTH, verb transitive To cause to foam.

FROTH, verb intransitive To foam; to throw up spume; to throw out foam or bubbles. Beer froths in fermentation. The sea froths when violently agitated. A horse froths at the mouth when heated.

FROTH'ILY, adverb

1. With foam or spume.

2. In an empty trifling manner.

FROTH'INESS, noun The state of being frothy; emptiness; senseless matter.

FROTH'Y, adjective

1. Full of foam or froth, or consisting of froth or light bubbles.

2. Soft; not firm or solid.

3. Vain; light; empty; unsubstantial; as a vain frothy speaker; a frothy harangue.

FROUNCE, noun A distemper of hawks, in which white spittle gathers about the bill. [See the Verb.]

FROUNCE, verb transitive

To curl or frizzle the hair about the face.

Not tricked and frounced as she was wont.

FROUNCE, noun A wrinkle, plait or curl; an ornament of dress.

FROUN'CED, participle passive Curled; frizzled.

FROUN'CELESS, adjective Having no plait or wrinkle.

FROUN'CING, participle present tense Curling; crisping.

FROU'ZY, adjective Fetid; musty; rank; dim; cloudy.

FROW, noun A woman. [Not used.]

FRO'WARD, adjective [Latin versus:turned or looking from.]

Perverse, that is, turning from, with aversion or reluctance; not willing to yield or comply with what is required; unyielding; ungovernable; refractory; disobedient; peevish; as a froward child.

They are a very froward generation, children in whom is no faith. Deuteronomy 32:20.

FRO'WARDLY, adverb Perversely; in a peevish manner.

FRO'WARDNESS, noun Perverseness; reluctance to yield or comply; disobedience; peevishness.

FROW'ER, noun A sharp edged tool to cleave laths.

FROWN, verb intransitive

1. To express displeasure by contracting the brow, and looking grim or surly; to look stern; followed by on or at; as, to frown on a profligate man, or to frown at his vices.

Heroes in animated marble frown

2. To manifest, displeasure in any manner. When providence frowns on our labors, let us be humble and submissive.

3. To lower; to look threatening.

FROWN, verb transitive To repel by expressing displeasure; to rebuke. frown the impudent fellow into silence.

FROWN, noun

1. A wrinkled look, particularly expressing dislike; a sour, severe or stern look, expressive of displeasure.

His front yet threatens and his frowns command.

2. Any expression of displeasure; as the frowns of providence; the frown of fortune.

FROWN'ING, participle present tense Knitting the brow in anger or displeasure; expressing displeasure by a surly, stern or angry look; lowering; threatening.

FROWN'INGLY, adverb Sternly; with a look of displeasure.

FROW'Y, adjective [The same as frouzy; perhaps a contracted word.] Musty; rancid; rank; as frowy butter.

FRO'ZEN, participle passive of freeze.

1. Congealed by cold.

2. Cold; frosty; chill; as the frozen climates of the north.

3. Chill or cold in affection.

4. Void of natural heat or vigor.

F.R.S. Fellow of the Royal Society.

FRUBISH, for furbish, is not used.

FRUCT'ED, adjective [Latin fructus, fruit.] In heraldry, bearing fruit.

FRUCTES'CENCE, noun [from Latin fructus, fruit. See Fruit.]

In botany, the precise time when the fruit of a plant arrives at maturity, and its seeds are dispersed; the fruiting season.

FRUCTIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin fructus, fruit, and fero, to bear.] Bearing or producing fruit.

FRUCTIFICA'TION, noun [See Fructify.]

1. The act of fructifying, or rendering productive of fruit; fecundation.

2. In botany, the temporary part of a plant appropriated to generation, terminating the old vegetable and beginning the new. It consists of seven parts, the calyx, impalement or flower-cup, the corol or petals, the stamens, and the pistil, which belong to the flower, the pericarp and seed, which pertain to the fruit, and the receptacle or base, on which the other parts are seated. The receptacle belongs both to the flower and fruit.

FRUC'TIFY, verb transitive [Low Latin fructifico.]

To make fruitful; to render productive; to fertilize; as, to fructify the earth.

FRUC'TIFY, verb intransitive To bear fruit. [Unusual.]

FRUCTUA'TION, noun Produce; fruit. [Not used.]

FRUC'TUOUS, adjective Fruitful; fertile; also, impregnating with fertility.

FRUC'TURE, noun Use; fruition; enjoyment. [Not used.]

FRU'GAL, adjective [Latin frugalis. See Fruit.]

Economical in the use or appropriation of money, goods or provisions of any kind; saving unnecessary expense, either of money or of any thing else which is to be used or consumed; sparing; not profuse, prodigal or lavish. We ought to be frugal not only in the expenditure of money and of goods, but in the employment of time. It is followed by of, before the thing saved; as frugal of time. It is not synonymous with parsimonious, nor with thrifty, as now used.

FRUGAL'ITY, noun

1. Prudent economy; good husbandry or housewifery; a sparing use or appropriation of money or commodities; a judicious use of any thing to be expended or employed; that careful management of money or goods which expends nothing unnecessarily, and applies what is used to a profitable purpose; that use in which nothing is wasted. It is not equivalent to parsimony, the latter being an excess of frugality and a fault. frugality is always a virtue. Nor is it synonymous with thrift, in its proper sense; for thrift is the effect of frugality

Without frugality none can become rich, and with it few would be poor.

2. A prudent and sparing use or appropriation of any thing; as frugality of praise.

FRU'GALLY, adverb With economy; with good management; in a saving manner. He seldom lives frugally that lives by chance.

FRUGIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin frugifer; fruges, corn and fero, to bear.]

Producing fruit or corn.

FRUGIV'OROUS, adjective [Latin fruges, corn and voro, to eat.]

Feeding on fruits, seeds or corn, as birds and other animals.

FRUIT, noun [Latin fructus. The Latin word is the participle of fruor, contracted from frugor, or frucor, to use, to take the profit of.]

1. In a general sense, whatever the earth produces for the nourishment of animals, or for clothing or profit. Among the fruits of the earth are included not only corn of all kinds, but grass, cotton, flax, grapes and all cultivated plants. In this comprehensive sense, the word is generally used in the plural.

2. In a more limited sense, the produce of a tree or other plant; the last production for the propagation or multiplication of its kind; the seed of plants, or the part that contains the seeds; as wheat, rye, oats, apples, quinces, pears, cherries, acorns, melons, etc.

3. In botany, the seed of a plant, or the seed with the pericarp.

4. Production; that which is produced.

The fruit of the spirit is in all goodness, and righteousness, and truth. Ephesians 5:9.

5. The produce of animals; offspring; young; as the fruit of the womb, of the loins, of the body.

6. Effect or consequence.

They shall eat the fruit of their doings. Isaiah 3:10.

7. Advantage; profit; good derived.

What fruit had ye then in those things whereof ye are now ashamed? Romans 6:21.

8. Production, effect or consequence; in an ill sense; as the fruits of sin; the fruits of intemperance.

FRUIT, verb intransitive To produce fruit [Not well authorized.]

FRUITAGE, noun Fruit collectively; various fruits.

FRUITBEARER, noun That which produces fruit.

FRUITBEARING, adjective Producing fruit; having the quality of bearing fruit.

FRUITERER, noun One who deals in fruit; a seller of fruits.

FRUITERY, noun

1. Fruit collectively taken.

2. A fruitloft; a repository for fruit.

FRUITFUL, adjective

1. Very productive; producing fruit in abundance; as fruitful soil; a fruitful tree; a fruitful season.

2. Prolific; bearing children; not barren.

Be fruitful and multiply - Genesis 1:22.

3. Plenteous; abounding in any thing.

4. Productive of any thing; fertile; as fruitful in expedients.

5. Producing in abundance; generating; as fruitful in crimes.

FRUITFULLY, adverb

1. In such a manner as to be prolific.

2. Plenteously; abundantly.

FRUITFULNESS, noun

1. The quality of producing fruit in abundance; productiveness; fertility; as the fruitfulness of land.

2. Fecundity; the quality of being prolific, or producing many young; applied to animals.

3. Productiveness of the intellect; as the fruitfulness of the brain.

4. Exuberant abundance.

FRUI'TION, noun [from Latin fruor, to use or enjoy.]

Use accompanied with pleasure, corporeal or intellectual; enjoyment; the pleasure derived from use or possession.

If the affliction is on his body, his appetites are weakened, and capacity of fruition destroyed.

FRUITIVE, adjective Enjoying.

FRUITLESS, adjective

1. Not bearing fruit; barren; destitute of fruit; as a fruitless plant.

2. Productive of no advantage or good effect; vain; idle; useless; unprofitable; as a fruitless attempt; a fruitless controversy.

3. Having no offspring.

FRUITLESSLY, adjective [from fruitless.] Without any valuable effect; idly; vainly; unprofitably.

FRUITLESSNESS, noun The quality of being vain or unprofitable.

FRUMENTA'CEOUS, adjective [Latin frumentaceus.]

1. Made of wheat, or like grain.

2. Resembling wheat, in respect to leaves, ears, fruit, and the like.

FRUMENTA'RIOUS, adjective [Latin frumentarius, from frumentum, corn.]

Pertaining to wheat or grain.

FRUMENTA'TION, noun [Latin frumentatio.] Among the Romans, a largess of grain bestowed on the people to quiet them when uneasy or turbulent.

FRU'MENTY, noun [Latin frumentum, wheat or grain.] Food made of wheat boiled in milk.

FRUMP, noun A joke, jeer or flout. [Not used.]

FRUMP, verb transitive To insult. [Not in use.]

FRUSH, verb transitive To bruise; to crush. obsolete

FRUSH, noun In farriery, a sort of tender horn that grows in the middle of the sole of a horse, at some distance from the toe, dividing into two branches, and running toward the heel in the form of a fork.

FRUS'TRABLE, adjective [See Frustrate.] That may be frustrated or defeated.

FRUSTRA'NEOUS, adjective [See Frustrate.] Vain; useless; unprofitable. [Little used.]

FRUS'TRATE, verb transitive [Latin frustro.]

1. Literally, to break or interrupt; hence, to defeat; to disappoint; to balk; to bring to nothing; as, to frustrate a plan, design or attempt; to frustrate the will or purpose.

2. To disappoint; applied to persons.

3. To make null; to nullify; to render of no effect; as, to frustrate a conveyance or deed.

FRUS'TRATE, part. adjective Vain; ineffectual; useless; unprofitable; null; void; of no effect.

FRUS'TRATED, participle passive Defeated; disappointed; rendered vain or null.

FRUS'TRATING, participle present tense Defeating; disappointing; making vain or of no effect.

FRUSTRA'TION, noun The act of frustrating; disappointment; defeat; as the frustration of one's attempt or design.

FRUS'TRATIVE, adjective Tending to defeat; fallacious.

FRUS'TRATORY, adjective That makes void; that vacates or renders null; as a frustatory appeal.

FRUS'TUM, noun [Latin See Frustrate.] a piece or part of a solid body separated from the rest. The frustum of a cone, is the part that remains after the top is cut off by a plane parallel to the base; called otherwise a truncated cone.

FRUTES'CENT, adjective [Latin frutex, a shrub.] In botany, from herbaceous becoming shrubby; as a frutescent stem.

FRU'TEX, noun [Latin] In botany, a shrub; a plant having a woody, durable stem, but less than a tree.

FRU'TICANT, adjective Full of shoots.

FRU'TICOUS, adjective [Latin fruiticosus.] Shrubby; as a fruticous stem.

FRY, verb transitive [Latin frigo. Gr.]

To dress with fat by heating or roasting in a pan over a fire; to cook and prepare for eating in a fryingpan; as, to fry meat or vegetables.

FRY, verb intransitive

1. To be heated and agitated; to suffer the action of fire or extreme heat.

2. To ferment, as in the stomach.

3. To be agitated; to boil.

FRY, noun

1. A swarm or crowd of little fish; so called from their crowding, tumbling and agitation. [Latin ferveo.]

2. A dish of any thing fried.

3. A kind of sieve. [Not used in America.]

FRY'ING, participle present tense Dressing in a fryingpan; heating; agitating.

FRY'INGPAN, noun a pan with a long handle, used for frying meat and vegetables.