CHAD, noun A kind of fish; pronounced shad.

CHAFE, verb transitive

1. To excite heat or inflammation by friction, as to chafe the skin; also, to fret and wear by rubbing, as to chafe a cable.

2. To act violently upon, by rubbing; to fret against, as waves against a shore.

The troubled Tyber chafing with his shores.

3. To be fretted and worn by rubbing; as, a cable chafes.

CHAFE, noun

1. Heat, excited by friction.

2. Violent agitation of the mind or passions; heat; fret; passion.

CHAFED, participle passive Heated or fretted by rubbing; worn by friction.

CHAFER, noun One who chafes.

CHAFER, noun An insect, a species of Scarabaeus, or beetle.

CHAFERY, noun In Iron works, a forge in which an ancony or square mass of iron, hammered into a bar in the middle, with its ends rough, is reduced to a complete bar, by hammering down the ends to the shape of the middle.

CHAFF, noun

1. The husk, or dry calyx of corn, and grasses. In common language, the word is applied to the husks when separated from the corn by thrashing, riddling or winnowing. The word is sometimes used rather improperly to denote straw cut small for the food of cattle.

2. Refuse; worthless matter; especially that which is light, and apt to be driven by the wind. In scripture, false doctrines, fruitless designs, hypocrites and ungodly men are compared to chaff Psalms 1:4; Jeremiah 23:28; Isaiah 33:11; Matthew 3:12.

CHAFFER, verb intransitive To treat about a purchase; to bargain; to haggle; to negotiate; to chop and change; as, to chaffer for preferments.

CHAFFER, verb transitive To buy; to exchange.

CHAFFER, noun One who chaffers; a bargainer; a buyer.

CHAFFERN, noun A vessel for heating water.

CHAFFERY, noun Trafick; buying and selling.

CHAFFINCH, noun A species of birds of the genus Fringilla, which are said to delight in chaff, and are admired for their song.

CHAFFLESS, noun Without chaff.

CHAFFWEED, noun A plant, cud-weed, a species of Gnaphalium; but this name is given also to the Centunculus.

CHAFFY, adjective Like chaff; full of chaff; light; as, chaffy straws; chaffy opinions.

CHAFING, participle present tense Heating or fretting by friction.

CHAGRIN, noun Ill-humor; vexation; peevishness; fretfulness.

CHAGRIN, verb transitive To excite ill-humor in; to vex; to mortify.

CHAGRINED, participle passive Vexed; fretted; displeased.

CHAIN, noun

1. A series of links or rings connected, or fitted into one another, usually made of some kind of metal, as a chain of gold, or of iron; but the word is not restricted to any particular kind of material. It is used often for an ornament about the person.

2. That which binds; a real chain; that which restrains, confines, or fetters; a bond.

If God spared not the angels that sinned, but delivered them into chains of darkness. 2 Peter 2:4.

3. Bondage; affliction.

He hath made my chain heavy. Lamentations 3:7.

4. Bondage; slavery.

In despotism the people sleep soundly in their chains.

5. Ornament. Proverbs 1:9.

6. A series of things linked together; a series of things connected or following in succession; as a chain of causes, of ideas, or events; a chain of being.

7. A range, or line of things connected, as a chain of mountains.

8. A series of links, forming an instrument to measure land.

9. A string of twisted wire, or something similar, to hang a watch on, and for other purposes.

10. In France, a measure of wood for fuel, and various commodities, of various length.

11. In ship-building, chains are strong links or plates of iron, bolted at the lower end to the ships side, used to contain the blocks called dead eyes, by which the shrouds of the mast are extended.

12. The warp in weaving, as in French.

CHAIN-; ump. This consists of a long chain equipped with a sufficient number of valves, moving on two wheels, one above the other below, passing downward through a wooden tube and returning through another. It is managed by a long winch, on which several men may be employed at once.

CHAIN-shot, two balls connected by a chain and used to cut down masts, or cut away shrouds and rigging.

CHAIN-wales of a ship, broad and thick planks projecting from a ships side, abreast of and behind the masts, for the purpose of extending the shrouds, for better supporting the masts, and preventing the shrouds from damaging the gunwale.

CHAIN-work, work consisting of threads, cords and the like, linked together in the form of a chain; as lineal chaining or tambour work, reticulation or net work, etc.

Top-chain, on board a ship, a chain to sling the sail-yards in time of battle, to prevent their falling, when the ropes that support them are shot away.

CHAIN, verb transitive

1. To fasten, bind or connect with a chain; to fasten or bind with any thing in the manner of a chain

2. To enslave; to keep in slavery.

And which more blest? Who chaind his country, say

Or he whose virtue sighed to lose a day?

3. To guard with a chain as a harbor or passage.

4. To unite; to form chain-work.

CHAINED, participle passive Made fast, or bound by a chain; connected by a chain; bound; enslaved.

CHAINING, participle present tense Binding, fastening or connecting with a chain; binding, or attaching to; enslaving.

CHAIR, noun

1. A movable seat; a frame with a bottom made of different materials, used for persons to sit in; originally a stool, and anciently a kind of pulpit in churches.

2. A seat of justice or of authority; as a chair of state.

3. A seat for a professor, or his office; as the professors chair

4. The seat for a speaker or presiding officer of a public council, or assembly, as the speakers chair; and by a metonymy, the speaker himself; as, to address the chair

5. A sedan; a vehicle on poles borne by men.

6. A pulpit.

7. A two-wheeled carriage, drawn by one horse; a gig.

8. Supreme office or magistracy.

When Governor Shute came to the chair several of the old councilors were laid aside.

Curule chair an ivory seat placed on a car, used by the prime magistrates of Rome.

CHAISE, noun s as z. A two-wheeled carriage drawn by one horse; a gig. It is open or covered.

CHALCEDONIC, adjective Pertaining to chalcedony.

CHALCEDONY, noun A subspecies of quartz, a mineral called also white agate, resembling milk diluted with water, and more or less clouded or opake, with veins, circles and spots. It is used in jewelry.

The varieties of chalcedony are common chalcedony heliotrope, chrysoprase, plasma, onyx, sard and sardonyx.

CHALCEDONYX, noun A variety of agate, in which white and gray layers alternate.

CHALCITE, noun Sulphate of iron of a red color, so far calcined as to have lost a considerable part of its acid.

CHALCOGRAPHER, noun An engraver in brass.

CHALCOGRAPHY, noun The act or art of engraving in brass.

CHALDAIC, adjective Pertaining to Chaldea, anciently a country on the Frat or Euphrates, in Asia, called in scripture Shinar. Of this Babylon was the principal city.

CHALDAIC, noun The language or dialect of the Chaldeans.

CHALDAISM, noun An idiom or peculiarity in the Chaldee dialect.

CHALDEAN, noun An inhabitant of Chaldea.

CHALDEE, adjective Pertaining to Chaldea.

CHALDEE, noun The language or dialect of the Chaldeans.

CHALDER, noun A measure of coals consisting of thirty six bushels.

CHALDRON,

CHALICE, noun A cup, or bowl; usually a communion cup.

CHALICE, n. A cup, or bowl; usually a communion cup.

CHALICED, noun Having a cell or cup; applied by Shakespeare to a flower; but I believe little used.

CHALK, noun A well known calcarious earth, of an opake white color, soft and admitting no polish. It contains a large portion of carbonic acid, and is a subspecies of carbonate of lime. It is used as an absorbent and anti-acid.

Cleaveland. Nicholson. Kirwan. Aikin.

Black-chalk is a species of earth used by painters for drawing on blue paper.

Red-chalk is an indurated clayey ocher used by painters and artificers.

CHALK, verb transitive

1. To rub with chalk; to mark with chalk

2. To manure with chalk as land.

3. From the use of chalk in marking lines, the phrase to chalk out is used to signify, to lay out, draw out or describe; as, to chalk out a plan of proceeding.

CHALKINESS, noun The state of being chalky.

CHALLENGE, noun Literally, a calling, or crying out, the primary sense of many words expressing a demand, as claim. Hence appropriately,

1. A calling upon one to fight in single combat; an invitation or summons, verbal or written, to decide a controversy by a duel. Hence the letter containing the summons is also called a challenge

2. A claim or demand made of a right or supposed right.

There must be no challenge of superiority.

3. Among hunters, the opening and crying of hounds at the first finding the scent of their game.

4. In law, an exception to jurors; the claim of a party that certain jurors shall not sit in trial upon him or his cause; that is, a calling them off. The right of challenge is given both in civil and criminal trials, for certain causes which are supposed to disqualify a juror to be an impartial judge. The right of challenge extends either to the whole panel or array, or only to particular jurors, called a challenge to the polls. A principal challenge is that which the law allows without cause assigned. A challenge to the favor, is when the party alleges a special cause. In criminal cases, a prisoner may challenge twenty jurors, without assigning a cause. This is called a peremptory challenge

CHALLENGE, VT

1. To call, invite or summon to answer for an offense by single combat, or duel.

2. To call to a contest; to invite to a trial; as, I challenge a man to prove what he asserts, implying defiance.

3. To accuse; to call to answer.

4. To claim as due; to demand as a right; as, the Supreme Being challenges our reverence and homage.

5. In law, to call off a juror, or jurors; or to demand that jurors shall not sit in trial upon a cause. [See the noun.]

6. To call to the performance of conditions.

CHALLENGEABLE, adjective That may be challenged; that may be called to account.

CHALLENGED, participle passive Called to combat or o contest; claimed; demanded, as due; called from a jury.

CHALLENGER, noun

1. One who challenges; one who invites to a single combat; one who calls on another by way of defiance.

2. One who claims superiority; one who claims any thing as his right, or makes pretensions to it.

3. One who calls a juror, or a jury, from the trial of his cause.

CHALLENGING, participle present tense Summoning to a duel, or to contest; claiming as a right; defying; calling off from a jury.

CHALYBEAN, adjective Pertaining to steel well tempered.

CHALYBEATE, adjective Impregnated with particles of iron; as chalybeate waters.

CHALYBEATE, noun Any water or other liquor into which iron enters.

CHAM, noun The sovereign prince of Tartary. Usually written Khan.

CHAMADE, noun In war, the beat of a drum or sound of a trumpet, inviting an enemy to a parley; as for making a proposition for a truce, or for a capitulation.

CHAMBER,

CHAMBER,

1. An apartment in an upper story, or in a story above the lower floor of a dwelling house; often used as a lodging room.

2. Any retired room; any private apartment which a person occupies; as, he called on the judge at his chamber

Joseph entered into his chamber and wept. Genesis 43:30.

3. Any retired place.

Her house is the way to hell, going down to the chambers of death. Proverbs 7:27.

4. A hollow or cavity; as the chamber of the eye.

5. A place where an assembly meets, and the assembly itself; as star-chamber; imperial chamber; chamber of accounts; ecclesiastical chamber; privy chamber; chamber of commerce, etc.

6. In military affairs, the chamber of a mortar is that part of the chase, where the powder lies.

7. A powder-chamber, or bomb-chamber, a place under ground for holding powder and bombs, where they may be safe and secured from rains.

8. The chamber of a mine, a place, generally of a cubical form, where the powder is confined.

9. A species of ordnance.

10. The clouds. Psalms 104:3.

11. Certain southern constellations which are hid from us.

The chambers of the south. Job 9:9.

CHAMBER-council, a private or secret council

CHAMBER-counsel, a counselor, who gives his opinion in a private apartment, but does not advocate causes in court.

CHAMBER,

CHAMBER, verb intransitive

1. To reside in or occupy as a chamber

2. To be wanton; to indulge in lewd or immodest behavior. Romans 13:1.

CHAMBER,

CHAMBER, verb transitive To shut up as in a chamber

CHAMBERER,

CHAMBERER, noun One who intrigues, or indulges in wantonness.

CHAMBERING,

CHAMBERING, noun Wanton, lewd, immodest behavior. Romans 13:13.

CHAMBERLAIN,

CHAMBERLAIN, noun

1. An officer charged with the direction and management of a chamber, or of chambers. The Lord chamberlain of Great Britain is the sixth officer of the crown. To him belong livery and lodging in the kings court; on coronation day he brings to the king his apparel, his sword, scabbard, etc. He dresses and undresses the king on that day, and waits on him before and after dinner. To him also belongs the care of providing all things in the house of lords, in time of parliament. Under him are the gentleman usher of the black rod, and other officers. The Lord chamberlain of the household has the oversight of all officers belonging to the kings chambers, except the precinct of the bed-chamber, of the wardrobe, physicians, chaplains, barbers, etc., and administers the oath to all officers above stairs.

The chamberlains of the exchequer, of London, of Chester, of North Wales, etc., are receivers of rents and revenues.

2. A servant who has the care of the chambers in an inn or hotel.

CHAMBERLAINSHIP,

CHAMBERLAINSHIP, noun The office of a chamberlain.

CHAMBREL, noun The joint or bending of the upper part of a horses hind leg. In New England pronounced gambrel, which see.

CHAMELEON, noun An animal of the genus Lacerta, or lizard, with a naked body, a tail and four feet. The body is six or seven inches long, and the tail five inches; with this it clings to the branches of trees. The skin is cold to the touch, and contains small grains or eminences, of a bluish gray color, in the shade, but in the light of the sun, all parts of the body become of a grayish brown, or tawny color. It is a native of Africa and Asia.

CHAMELEONIZE, verb transitive To change into various colors.

CHAFER, verb transitive

1. To channel; to cut a furrow, as in a column, or to cut into a sloping form.

2. To wrinkle.

CHAMFER,

CHAMFERED, participle passive Cut into furrows, or cut sloping.

CHAMFERED, pp. Cut into furrows, or cut sloping.

CHAMFERING, participle present tense Cutting a gutter in; cutting in a slope.

CHAMFRET, noun A small gutter or furrow cut in wood or other hard material; a slope.

CHAMITE, noun Fossil remains of the Chama, shell.

CHAMLET, [See Camlet.]

CHAMOIS, noun An animal of the goat kind, whose skin is made into soft leather, called shammy. It is now arranged with the Antelopes.

CHAMOMILE, [See Camomile.]

CHAMP, verb transitive

1. To bite with repeated action of the teeth; as, a horse champs the bit.

2. To bite into small pieces; to chew; to masticate; to devour.

CHAMP, verb intransitive To chew; to perform the action of biting by repeated motion of the teeth; as, to champ upon the bit.

CHAMPAGNE,

CHAMPAIGN,

CHAMPAIN, noun A flat open country.

CHAMPAIN, noun In heraldry, champain or point champain, is a mark of dishonor in the coat of arms of him who has killed a prisoner of war after he has asked for quarter.

CHAMPAIGN,

CHAMPAIN, n. A flat open country.

CHAMPANE, noun A kind of brisk sparkling wine, from Champagne in France.

CHAMPED, participle passive Bitten; chewed.

CHAMPER, noun One that champs or bits.

CHAMPERTOR, noun [See Champerty.] In law, one who is guilty of champerty, which see.

CHAMPERTY, noun A species of maintenance, being a bargain with a plaintiff or defendant, to divide the land or other matter in suit, between them, if they prevail; whereupon the champertor is to carry on the partys suit at his own expense. The purchase of a suit, or of the right of suing.

CHAMPIGNON, noun A kind of mushroom.

CHAMPING, participle passive Biting with repeated action.

CHAMPION, noun

1. A man who undertakes a combat in the place or cause of another.

2. A man who fights in his own cause in a duel.

3. A hero; a brave warrior. Hence, one who is bold in contest; as a champion for the truth.

CHAMPION, verb transitive To challenge to a combat.

CHAMPIONESS, noun A female champion.

CHANCE, noun

1. An event that happens, falls out or takes place, without being contrived, intended, expected or foreseen; the effect of an unknown cause, or the unusual or unexpected effect of a known cause; accident; casualty; fortuitous event; as, time and chance happen to all.

By chance a priest came down that way. Luke 10:31.

2. Fortune; what fortune may bing; as, they must take their chance

3. An event, good or evil; success or misfortune; luck.

4. Possibility of an occurrence; opportunity.

You ladyship may have a chance to escape this address.

CHANCE, verb intransitive To happen; to fall out; to come or arrive without design, or expectation.

If a birds nest chance to be before thee. Deuteronomy 22:6.

Ah Casca, tell us what hath chanced to day.

CHANCE, adjective Happening by chance; casual; as a chance comer.

CHANCEABLE, adjective Accidental; casual; fortuitous.

CHANCEFUL, adjective Hazardous.

CHANCEL, noun That part of the choir of a church, between the altar or communion table and the balustrade or railing that incloses it, or that part where the altar is placed; formerly inclosed with lattices or cross bars, as now with rails.

CHANCELLOR, noun Ordinally, a chief notary or scribe, under the Roman Emperors; but in England, in later times, an officer invested with judicial powers, and particularly with the superintendence of all charters, letters and other official writings of the crown, that required to be solemnly authenticated. Hence this officer became the keeper of the great seal. From the Roman Empire, this office passed to the church, and hence every bishop has his chancellor

The Lord High chancellor of Great Britain, or Keeper of the Great Seal, is the highest officer of the crown. He is a privy counselor by his office, and prolocutor of the house of lords by prescription. To him belongs the appointment of all justices of the peace; he is keeper of the kings conscience, visitor of all hospitals and colleges founded by the king, guardian of all charitable uses, and judge of the high court of chancery.

CHANCELLOR of an Ecclesiastical Court, is the bishops lawyer, versed in the civil and canon law, to direct the bishop in causes of the church, civil and criminal.

CHANCELLOR of a Cathedral, is an officer who hears lessons and lectures in the church, by himself or his vicar, inspects schools, hears causes, applies the seal, writes and dispatches letter of the chapter, keeps the books, etc.

CHANCELLOR of the Exchequer, is an officer who presides in that court, and takes care of the interest of the crown. He has power, with the lord treasurer, to lease the crown lands, and with others, to compound for forfeitures on penal statutes. He has a great authority in managing the royal revenues, and in matters relating to the first fruits.

CHANCELLOR of a University, is an officer who seals the diplomas, or letters of degree, etc. The chancellor of Oxford is usually one of the prime nobility, elected by the students in convocation, and he holds the office for life. He is the chief magistrate in the government of the university. The chancellor of Cambridge is also elected from among the prime nobility; he does not hold his office for life, but may be elected every three years.

CHANCELLOR of the Order of the Garter, and other military orders, is an officer who seals the commissions and mandates of the chapter and assembly of the knights, keeps the register of their proceedings, and delivers their acts under the seal of their order.

In France, a secretary is, in some cases, called a chancellor

In the United States, a chancellor is the judge o a court of chancery or equity, established by statute.

In scripture, a mater of the decrees, or president of the council. Ezra 4:8.

CHANCELLORSHIP, noun The office of a chancellor; the time during which one is chancellor.

CHANCERY, noun

1. In Great Britain, the highest court of justice, next to the parliament, consisting of two distinct tribunals; one ordinary, being a court of common law; the other extraordinary, or a court of equity. The ordinary legal court holds pleas of recognizance acknowledged in the chancery writs of scire facias, for repeal of letters patent, writs of partition, and all personal action by or against any officer of the court. But if the parties come to issue, in fact, this court cannot try it by a jury; but the record must be delivered to the kings bench. Rom this court issue all original writs that pass under the great seal, commissions of charitable uses, bankruptcy, idiocy, lunacy, etc.

The extraordinary court, or court of equity, proceeds upon rules of equity and conscience, moderates the rigor of the common law, and gives relief in cases where there is no remedy in the common law courts.

2. In the United States, a court of equity.

CHANDELIER, noun

1. A Frame with branches to hold a number of candles, to illuminate a public or large room.

2. In fortification, a movable parapet, serving to support fascines to cover pioneers.

CHANDLER, noun An artisan whose trade is to make candles, or one who sells candles.

In America, I believe the word never signifies a seller of candles, unless he is the maker. A corn-chandler is a seller of corn, but I believe not used in the United States.

CHANDLERLY, adjective Like a chandler.

CHANDLERY, noun The place where candles are kept.

CHANGE, verb transitive

1. To cause to turn or pass from one state to another; to alter, or make different; to vary in external form, or in essence; as, to change the color or shape of a thing; to change the countenance; to change the heart or life.

2. To put one thing in the place of another; to shift; as, to change the clothes

Be clean and change your garments. Genesis 35:2.

3. To quit one thing or state for another; followed by for; as, persons educated in a particular religion do not readily change it for another.

4. To give and take reciprocally; as, will you change conditions with me?

5. To barter; to exchange goods; as, to change a coach for a chariot.

6. To quit, as one place for another; as, to change lodgings.

7. To give one kind of money for another; to alter the form or kind of money, by receiving the value in a different kind, as to change bank notes for silver; or to give pieces of a larger denomination for an equivalent in pieces of smaller denomination, as to change an eagle for dollars, or a sovereign for sixpences, or to change a dollar into cents; or on the other hand, to change dollars for or into eagles, giving money of smaller denomination for larger.

8. To become acid or tainted; to turn from a natural state of sweetness and purity; as, the wine is changed; thunder and lightning are said to change milk.

To change a horse, or to change hand, is to turn or bear the horses head from one hand to the other, from the left to the right, or from the right to the left.

CHANGE, verb intransitive

1. To be altered; to undergo variation; as, men sometimes change for the better, often for the worse.

I am Jehovah; I change not. Malachi 3:6.

2. To pass the sun, as the moon in its orbit; as, the moon will change the 14th of this month.

CHANGE, noun

1. Any variation or alteration in form, state, quality, or essence; or a passing from one state or form to another; as a change of countenance; a change of habits or principles.

2. A succession of one thing in the place of another; vicissitude; as a change of seasons; a change of objects on a journey; a change of scenes.

3. A revolution; as a change of government.

4. A passing by the sun, and the beginning of a new monthly revolution; as a change of the moon.

5. A different state by removal; novelty; variety.

Our fathers did, for change to France repair.

6. Alteration in the order of ringing bells; variety of sounds.

Four bells admit twenty-four changes in ringing.

7. That which makes a variety, or may be substituted for another.

Thirty changes of raiment. Judges 14:12.

8. Small coins of money, which may be given for larger pieces.

9. The balance of money paid beyond the price of goods purchased.

I give the clerk a bank note for his cloth, and he gave me the change

10. The dissolution of the body; death.

All the days of my appointed time will I wait, till my change come. Job 14:14.

11. change for exchange, a place where merchants and others meet to transact business; a building appropriated for mercantile transactions.

12. In arithmetic, permutation; variation of numbers. Thirteen numbers admit of 6, 227, 020, 800 changes, or different positions.

CHANGEABILITY, noun Changeableness, which is generally used.

CHANGEABLE, adjective

1. That may change; subject to alteration; fickle; inconstant; mutable; variable; as a person of a changeable mind.

2. Having the quality of suffering alteration of external appearance; as changeable silk.

CHANGEABLENESS, noun

1. The quality of being changeable; fickleness; inconstancy; instability; mutability.

2. Susceptibility of change, or alteration.

CHANGEABLY, adverb Inconstantly.

CHANGED, participle passive Altered; varied; turned; converted; shifted.

CHANGEFUL, adjective Full of change; inconstant; mutable; fickle; uncertain; subject to alteration.

CHANGELESS, adjective Constant; not admitting alteration.

CHANGELING, noun

1. A child left or taken in the place of another.

2. An idiot; a fool.

3. One apt to change; a waverer.

4. Any thing changed and put in the place of another.

CHANGER, noun

1. One who alters the form of any thing.

2. One that is employed in changing and discounting money; a money-changer.

3. One given to change.

CHANGING, participle present tense Altering; turning; putting one thing for another; shifting.

CHANNA, noun A fish taken in the Mediterranean, resembling the sea-perch.

CHANNEL, noun

1. In a general sense, a passage; a place of passing or flowing; particularly, a water course.

2. The place where a river flows, including the whole breadth of the river. But more appropriately, the deeper part or hollow in which the principal current flows.

3. The deeper part of a strait, bay, or harbor, where the principal current flows, either of tide or fresh water, or which is the most convenient for the track of a ship.

4. That through which any thing passes; means of passing, conveying, or transmitting; as, the news was conveyed to us by different channels.

5. A gutter or furrow in a column.

6. An arm of the sea; a straight or narrow sea, between two continents, or between a continent and an isle; as the British or Irish channel

7. Channels of a ship. [See Chain-wales.]

CHANNEL, verb transitive To form a channel; to cut channels in; to groove; as, to channel a field or a column.

CHANNELED, participle passive Having channels; grooved longitudinally.

CHANNELING, participle present tense Cutting channels; grooving longitudinally.

CHANSON, noun A song.

CHANT, verb transitive

1. To sing; to utter a melodious voice; that is, to cant or throw the voice in modulations.

The cheerful birds do chant sweet music.

2. To celebrate in song; as, to chant the praises of Jehovah.

3. To sing, as in church-service; to repeat words in a kind of canting voice, with modulations.

CHANT, verb intransitive

1. To sing; to make melody with the voice.

They chant to the sound of the viol. Amos 6:5.

2. To repeat words in the church-service with a kind of singing.

CHANT, noun Song; melody; church-service.

CHANTED, participle passive Sung; uttered with modulations of voice.

CHANTER, noun

1. One who chants; a singer or songster.

2. The chief singer, or priest of the chantry.

3. The pipe which sounds the tenor or treble in a bagpipe.

CHANTICLEER, noun A cock, so called from the clearness or loudness of his voice in cowing.

CHANTING, participle present tense Singing; uttering a melodious voice; repeating words with a singing voice.

CHANTING, noun The act of singing, or uttering with a song.

CHANTRESS, noun A female singer.

CHANTRY, noun A church or chapel endowed with lands, or other revenue, for the maintenance of one or more priests daily to sing or say mass for the souls of the donors, or such as they appoint.

CHAOS, noun

1. That confusion, or confused mass, in which matter is supposed to have existed, before it was separated into its different kinds and reduced to order, by the creating power of God. Rudis, indigestaque moles.

2. Any mixed mass, without due form or order; as a chaos of materials.

3. Confusion; disorder; a state in which the parts are undistinguished.

CHAOTIC, adjective Resembling chaos; confused; as, the earth was originally in a chaotic state.

CHAP, verb transitive To cleave, split, crack, or open longitudinally, as the surface of the earth, or the skin and flesh of the hand. Dry weather chaps the earth; cold dry winds chap the hands.

CHAP, verb intransitive To crack; to open in long slits; as, the earth chaps; the hands chap

CHAP, noun A longitudinal cleft, gap or chink, as in the surface of the earth, or in the hands or feet.

CHAP, noun The upper and lower part of the mouth; the jaw. It is applied to beasts, and vulgarly to men; generally in the plural, the chaps or mouth.

CHAP, verb intransitive To cheapen.

CHAPBOOK, noun [See Chapman and Cheap.] a small book or pamphlet, carried about for sale by hawker.

CHAPE, noun

1. The catch of any thing, as the hook of a scabbard, or the catch of a buckle, by which it is held to the back strap.

2. A brass or silver tip or case, that strengthens the end of a scabbard.

CHAPEAU, noun A hat; in heraldry, a cap or bonnet.

CHAPEL, noun

1. A house for public worship; primarily, a private oratory, or house of worship belonging to a private person. In Great Britain there are several sorts of chapels; as parochial chapels, distinct from the mother church; chapels which adjoin to and are a part of the church; such were formerly built by honorable persons for burying places; chapels of ease, built in large parishes for the accommodation of the inhabitants; free chapels, which were founded by the kings of England; chapels in the universities, belonging to particular colleges; domestic chapels, built by noblemen or gentlemen for the use of their families.

2. A printers workhouse; said to be so called because printing was first carried on in a chapel

CHAPEL, verb transitive To deposit in a chapel

CHAPELESS, adjective Without a chape.

CHAPELET,

CHAPELLANY, noun A place founded within some church and dependent thereon.

CHAPELLANY, n. A place founded within some church and dependent thereon.

CHAPELLING, noun The act of turning a ship round in a light breeze of wind, when close hauled, so that she will lie the same way as before.

CHAPELRY, noun The bounds or jurisdiction of a chapel.

CHAPERON, noun A hood or cap worn by the knights of the garter in their habits. It was anciently worn by men, women, nobles and populace; afterwards appropriated to doctors and licentiates in colleges. The name then passed to certain devices placed on the foreheads of horses which drew the herse in pompous funerals.

CHAPITER, noun

1. The upper part or capital of a column or pillar; a word used in the scriptures. [See Capital.]

2. That which is delivered by the mouth of the justice in his charge to the inquest.

CHAPLAIN, noun

1. An ecclesiastic who has a chapel, or who performs service in a chapel. The king of Great Britain has forty-eight chaplains, who attend, four each month, to perform divine service for the royal family. Princes also, and persons of quality have chaplains, who officiate in their chapels.

2. A clergyman who belongs to a ship of war, or to a regiment of land forces, for performing divine service.

3. A clergyman who is retained to perform divine service in a family.

CHAPLAINs of the Pope, are auditors or judges of causes in the sacred palace.

CHAPLAINCY, noun The office or station of a chaplain.

CHAPLAINSHIP, noun

1. The office or business of a chaplain.

2. The possession, or revenue of a chapel.

CHAPLESS, noun

1. A garland or wreath to be worn on the head; the circle of a crown.

2. A string of beads used by the Roman Catholics, by which they count the number of their prayers. They are made sometimes of coral, of wood, of diamonds, etc., and are called parternosters. The invention is ascribed to Peter the hermit, who probably learnt it in the East, as the Orientals use a kind of chaplet, called a chain, rehearsing one of the perfections of God on each link, or head. The Great Mogul is said to have eighteen of these chains, all precious tones. The Turks also use a kind of chaplet in reciting their prayers.

3. In architecture, a little molding, carved into round beads, pearls, olives or the like.

4. In horsemanship, a chapelet, which see.

5. A tuft of feathers on a peacocks head.

6. A small chapel or shrine.

CHAPLET, noun A pair of stirrup leathers, with stirrups, joined at the top in a sort of leather buckle, by which they are made fast to the pommel of the saddle, after they have been adjusted to the length and bearing of the rider.

CHAPMAN, noun

1. A cheapener; one that offers as a purchaser.

Their chapmen they betray.

2. A seller; a market-man.

CHAPPED, participle passive Cleft; opened, as the surface or skin.

CHAPPING, participle present tense Cleaving, as the surface or skin.

CHAPPY, adjective Full of chaps; cleft.

CHAPS, the mouth or jaws. [See Chap.]

CHAPTER, noun

1. A division of a book or treatise; as, Genesis contains fifty chapters. Hence the phrase, to the end of the chapter that is, throughout; to the end.

2. In ecclesiastical polity, a society or community of clergymen, belonging to a cathedral or collegiate church.

3. A place where delinquents receive discipline and correction.

4. A decretal epistle.

CHAPTER, verb transitive To tax; to correct.

CHAPTREL, noun The capitals of pillars and pilasters, which support arches, commonly called imposts.

CHAR, noun A fish.

CHAR, noun In England, work done by the day; a single job, or task. In New England, it is pronounced chore, which see. I know not the origin of the word.

CHAR, verb transitive To perform a business.

CHAR, verb intransitive To work at others houses by the day, without being a hired servant; to do small jobs.

CHARACT, noun An inscription.

[See Character]

1. A mark made by cutting or engraving, as on stone, metal or other hard material; hence, a mark or figure made with a pen or style, on paper, or other material used to contain writing; a letter, or figure used to form words, and communicate ideas. Characters are literal, as the letters of an alphabet; numeral, as the arithmetical figures; emblematical or symbolical, which express things or ideas; and abbreviations, as C. For centrum, a hundred; lb. For libra, a pound; adjective D. Anno domini; etc.

2. A mark or figure made by stamping or impression, as on coins.

3. The manner of writing; the peculiar from of letters used by a particular person.

You know the character to be your brothers

4. The peculiar qualities, impressed by nature or habit on a person, which distinguish him from others; these constitute real character, and the qualities which he is supposed to possess, constitute his estimated character, or reputation. Hence we say, a character is not formed, when the person has not acquired stable and distinctive qualities.

5. An account, description or representation of any thing, exhibiting its qualities and the circumstances attending it; as, to give a bad character o a town, or to a road.

6. A person; as, the assembly consisted of various characters, eminent characters, and low characters.

All the characters in the play appeared to advantage.

The friendship of distinguished characters.

7. By way of eminence, distinguished or good qualities; those which are esteemed and respected; and those which are ascribed to a person in common estimation. We enquire whether a stranger is a man of character.

8. Adventitious qualities impressed by office, or station; the qualities that, in public estimation, belong to a person in a particular station; as when we ask how a magistrate, or commander supports his character.

9. In natural history, the peculiar discriminating qualities or properties of animals, plants and minerals.

These properties, when employed for the purpose of discriminating minerals, are called characters.

CHARACTER, verb transitive

1. To engrave; to inscribe.

2. A particular aspect or configuration of the heavens.

CHARACTERISTIC,

CHARACTERISTICAL, adjective That constitutes the character; that marks the peculiar, distinctive qualities of a person or thing.

Generosity is often a characteristic virtue of a brave man.

It is followed by of.

Generosity is characteristic of true bravery.

CHARACTERISTIC, noun

1. That which constitutes a character; that which characterizes; that which distinguishes a person or thing from another.

Invention is the characteristic of Homer.

2. In grammar, the principal letter of a word, which is preserved in most of its tenses, in its derivatives and compounds.

The characteristic of a logarithm, is its index or exponent.

The characteristic triangle of a curve, in geometry, is a rectilinear right-angled triangle, whose hypotenuse makes a part of the curve, not sensibly different from a right line.

CHARACTERISTICAL, a. That constitutes the character; that marks the peculiar, distinctive qualities of a person or thing.

CHARACTERISTICALLY, adverb The state or qualities of being characteristic.

CHARACTERIZE, verb transitive

1. To give a character, or an account of the personal qualities of a man; to describe by peculiar qualities.

2. To distinguish; to mark, or express the character; to exhibit the peculiar qualities of a person or thing; as, humility characterizes the true Christian; the hero is characterized by bravery and magnanimity.

The system of mediation has characterized the entire scheme of divine dispensation.

3. To engrave or imprint.

4. To mark with a peculiar stamp, or figure.

CHARACTERIZED, participle passive Described or distinguished by peculiar qualities.

CHARACTERIZING, participle present tense Describing or distinguishing by peculiar qualities.

CHARACTERLESS, adjective Destitute of any peculiar character.

CHARACTERY, noun Impression; mark; distinction.

CHARADE, noun A composition, in which the subject must be a word of two syllables, each forming a distinct word; and these syllables are to be concealed in an enigmatical description, first separately and then together. Example. My first, when a Frenchman in learning English, serves him to swear by. My second is either hay or corn. My whole is the delight of the age.

CHARCOAL, noun Coal made by charring wood; the remains of wood burnt under turf, and from which all watery and other volatile matter has been expelled by heat. It makes a strong heat, and is used in furnaces, forges, private families, etc. It is black, brittle, light and in odorous, and not being decomposable by water or air, will endure for ages without alteration.

CHARD noun The leaves of artichokes tied and wrapped all over, except the top, in straw, during autumn and winter. This makes them grow white and lose some of their bitterness.

CHARDs of beet are plants of white beet transplanted, producing great tops, which, in the midst, have a large, white, thick, downy, cotton-like main shoot, which is the true chard

CHARECT, noun An inscription.

[See Character]

CHARGE, verb transitive

1. To rush on; to fall on; to attack, especially with fixed bayonets; as, an army charges the enemy.

2. To load, as a musket or cannon; to thrust in powder, or powder and ball or shot.

3. To lead or burden; to throw on or impose that which oppresses; as, to charge the stomach with indigestible food; or to lay on, or to fill, without oppressing; as, to charge the memory with rules and precepts; to charge the mid with facts.

4. To set or lay on; to impose, as a tax; as, the land is charged with a quit rent; a rent is charge on the land.

5. To lay on or impose, as a task.

The gospel chargeth us with piety towards God.

6. To put or lay on; as, to charge a building with ornaments, often implying superfluity.

7. To lay on, as a duty; followed by with.

The commander charged the officer with the execution of the project. See Genesis 40:4

8. To entrust to; as, an officer is charged with dispatches.

9. To set to, as a dept; to place on the debit side of an account; as, to charge a man with the price of goods sold to him.

10. To load or lay on in words, something wrong, reproachful or criminal; to impute to; as, to charge a man with theft.

11. To lay on in words; to impute to; followed by on before the person; as, to charge a crime on the offender; to charge evil consequences on the doctrines of the stoics.

12. To lay on, give or communicate, as an order, command or earnest request; to enjoin; to exhort.

In all this, Job sinned not, nor charged God foolishly. Job 1:22.

13. To lay on, give or communicate, as an order, command or earnest request; to enjoin; to exhort.

CHARGE them that are rich in this world, that they be not high-minded. 1 Timothy 4:1.

In this sense, when the command is given in the name of God, or with an oath, the phrase amounts to an adjuration.

To adjure; to bind by an oath. 1 Samuel 14:28.

14. To give directions to; to instruct authoritatively; as, the judge charged the grand jury to inquire respecting breaches of the peace.

15. To communicate electrical matter to, as to a coated vial, or an electrical battery.

CHARGE, verb intransitive To make an onset. Thus Glanville says, like your heroes of antiquity, he charges in iron; and we say, to charge with fixed bayonets. But in this application, the object is understood; to charge the enemy.

CHARGE, noun

1. That which is laid on or in; in a general sense, any load or burden. It is the same word radically as cargo.

2. The quantity of powder, or of powder and ball or shot, used to load a musket, cannon or other like instrument.

3. An onset; a rushing on an enemy; attack; especially by moving troops with fixed bayonets. But it is used for an onset of cavalry as well as of infantry.

4. An order, injunction, mandate, command.

Moses gave Joshua a charge Numbers 27:19.

The king gave charge concerning Absalom. 2 Samuel 18:5.

5. That which is enjoined, committed, entrusted or delivered to another, implying care, custody, oversight, or duty to be performed by the person entrusted.

I gave Hanani charge over Jerusalem. Nehemiah 7:2.

Hence the word includes any trust or commission; an office, duty, employment. It is followed by of or over; more generally by of. Hence,

6. The person or thing committed to anothers custody, care or management; a trust. Thus the people of a parish are called the ministers charge

The starry guardian drove his charge away to some fresh pasture.

7. Instructions given by a judge to a jury, or by a bishop to his clergy. The word may be used as synonymous with command, direction, exhortation or injunction, but always implies solemnity.

8. Imputation in a bad sense; accusation.

Lay not this sin to their charge Acts 7:60.

9. That which constitutes debt, in commercial transactions; an entry of money or the price of goods, on the debit side of an account.

10. Cost; expense; as, the charges of the war are to be borne by the nation.

11. Imposition on land or estate; rent, tax, or whatever constitutes a burden or duty.

12. In military affairs, a signal to attack; as, to sound the charge

13. The posture of a weapon fitted for an attack or combat.

Their armed slaves in charge

14. Among farriers, a preparation of the consistence of a thick decoction, or between an ointment and a plaster, used as a remedy for sprains and inflammations.

15. In heraldry, that which is borne upon the color; or the figures represented on the escutcheon, by which the bearers are distinguished from one another.

16. In electrical experiments, a quantity of electrical fluid, communicated to a coated jar, vial or pane of glass.

A charge of lead, is thirty-six pigs, each containing six stone, wanting two pounds.

CHARGEABLE, adjective

1. That may be charged; that may be set, laid, imposed; as, a duty of forty per cent is chargeable on wine.

2. Subject to be charged; as, wine is chargeable with a duty of forty per cent.

3. Expensive; costly; as a chargeable family.

4. Laying or bringing expense.

Because we would not be chargeable to any of you. 1 Thessalonians 2:9.

5. Imputable; that may be laid or attributed as a crime, fault or debt; as a fault chargeable on a man.

6. Subject to be charged or accused; as a man chargeable with a fault, or neglect.

CHARGEABLENESS, noun Expensiveness; cost; costliness.

CHARGEABLY, adverb Expensively; at great cost.

CHARGED, participle passive Loaded; burdened; attacked; laid on; instructed; imputed; accused; placed to the debt; ordered; commanded.

CHARGEFUL, adjective Expensive; costly.

CHARGELESS, adjective Not expensive; free from expense.

CHARGER, noun

1. In Scots law, one who charges another in a suit.

2. A large dish. Numbers 7:13.

3. A horse used for attack.

CHARGING, participle present tense Loading; attacking; laying on; instructing; commanding; accusing; imputing.

CHARILY, adverb [See Chary.] Carefully; warily; frugally.

CHARINESS, noun Caution; care; nicety; scrupulousness.

CHARIOT, noun

1. A half coach; a carriage with four wheels and one seat behind, used for convenience and pleasure.

2. A car or vehicle used formerly in war, drawn by two or more horses, and conveying two men each. These vehicles were sometimes armed with hooks or sythes.

CHARIOT, verb transitive To convey in a chariot

CHARIOTED, participle passive Borne in a chariot.

CHARIOTEER, noun The person who drives or conducts a chariot. It is used in speaking of military chariots and those in the ancient games, but not of modern drivers.

CHARITABLE, adjective

1. Benevolent and kind; as a charitable disposition.

2. Liberal in benefactions to the poor, and in relieving them in distress; as a charitable man.

3. Pertaining to charity; springing from charity, or intended for charity; benevolent; as a charitable institution, or society; a charitable purpose.

4. Formed on charitable principles; favorable; dictated by kindness; as a charitable construction of words or actions.

CHARITABLENESS, noun

1. The disposition to be charitable; or the exercise of charity.

2. Liberality to the poor.

CHARITABLY, adverb Kindly; liberally; benevolently; with a disposition to help the poor; favorably.

CHARITY, noun

1. In a general sense, love, benevolence, good will; that disposition of heart which inclines men to think favorably of their fellow men, and to do them good. In a theological sense, it includes supreme love to God, and universal good will to men.

1 Corinthians 8:1. Colossians 3:14. 1 Timothy 1:5.

2. In a more particular sense, love, kindness, affection, tenderness, springing from natural relations; as the charities of father, son and brother.

3. Liberality to the poor, consisting in almsgiving or benefactions, or in gratuitous services to relieve them in distress.

4. Alms; whatever is bestowed gratuitously on the poor for their relief.

5. Liberality in gifts and services to promote public objects of utility, as to found and support bible societies, missionary societies, and others.

6. Candor; liberality in judging of men and their actions; a disposition which inclines men to think and judge favorably, and to put the best construction on words and actions which the case will admit. The highest exercise of charity is charity towards the uncharitable.

7. Any act of kindness, or benevolence; as the charities of life.

8. A charitable institution. Charity-school, is a school maintained by voluntary contributions for educating poor children.

CHARK, verb transitive To burn to a coal; to char.

CHARLATAN, noun One who prates much in his own favor, and makes unwarrantable pretensions to skill; a quack; an empiric; a mountebank.

CHARLATANICAL, adjective Quackish; making undue pretensions to skill; ignorant.

CHARLATANRY, noun Undue pretensions to skill; quackery; wheedling; deception by fair words.

CHARLOCK, noun The English name of the Raphanus raphanistrum and Sinapis arvensis, very pernicious weeds among grain. One kind has yellow flowers; another, white, with jointed pods.

CHARM, noun

1. Words, characters or other things imagined to possess some occult or unintelligible power; hence, a magic power or spell, by which with the supposed assistance of the devil, witches and sorcerers have been supposed to do wonderful things. Spell; enchantment. Hence,

2. That which has power to subdue opposition, and gain the affections; that which can please irresistible; that which delights and attracts the heart; generally in the plural.

The smiles of nature and the charms of art.

Good humor only teaches charms to last.

CHARM, verb transitive

1. To subdue or control by incantation or secret influence.

I will send serpents among you - which will not be charmed. Jeremiah 8:17.

2. To subdue by secret power, especially by that which pleases and delights the mind; to allay, or appease.

Music the fiercest grief can charm

3. To give exquisite pleasure to the mind or senses; to delight.

We were charmed with the conversation.

The aerial songster charms us with her melodious notes.

4. To fortify with charms against evil.

I have a charmed life, which must not yield.

5. To make powerful by charms.

6. To summon by incantation.

7. To temper agreeably.

CHARM, verb intransitive To sound harmonically.

CHARMA, noun A fish resembling the sea-wolf.

CHARMED, participle passive Subdued by charms; delighted; enchanted.

CHARMER, noun

1. One that charms, or has power to charm; one that uses or has the power of enchantment. Deuteronomy 18:11.

2. One who delights and attracts the affections.

CHARMERESS, noun An enchantress.

CHARMFUL, adjective Abounding with charms.

CHARMING, participle present tense

1. Using charms; enchanting.

2. adjective Pleasing n the highest degree; delighting.

Music is but an elegant and charming species of elocution.

CHARMINGLY, adverb Delightfully; in a manner to charm, or to give delight.

She smiled very charmingly

CHARMINGNESS, noun The power to please.

CHARMLESS, adjective Destitute of charms.

CHARNEL, adjective Containing flesh or carcasses.

CHARON, noun In fabulous history, the son of Erebus and Nox, whose office was to ferry the souls of the deceased over the waters of Acheron and Styx, for a piece of money.

CHARR, noun A fish, a species of Salmo.

CHARRING, participle present tense Reducing to coal; depriving of volatile matter.

CHARRY, adjective [See Char.] Pertaining to charcoal; like charcoal, or partaking of its qualities.

CHART, noun A hydrographical or marine map; a draught or projection of some part of the earths superficies on paper, with the coasts, isles, rocks, banks, channels or entrances into harbors, rivers, and bays, the points of compass, soundings or depth of water, etc., to regulate the courses of ships in their voyages. The term chart is applied to a marine map; map is applied to a draught of some portion of land.

A plan chart is a representation of some part of the superficies of the globe, in which the meridians are supposed parallel to each other, the parallels of latitude at equal distances, and of course the degrees of latitude and longitude are every where equal to each other.

Mercators chart is one on which the meridians are straight lines, parallel and equidistant; the parallels are straight lines and parallel to each other, but the distance between them increases from the equinoctial towards either pole, in the ratio of the secant of the latitude to the radius.

Globular chart is a meridional projection in which the distance of the eye from the plane of the meridian, on which the projection is made, is supposed to be equal to the sine of the angle of forty-five degrees.

Selenographic charts, represent the spots and appearances of the moon.

Topographic charts, are draughts of particular places, or small parts of the earth.

CHARTER, noun

1. A written instrument, executed with usual forms, given as evidence of a grant, contract, or whatever is done between man and man. In its more usual sense, it is the instrument of a grant conferring powers, rights and privileges, either from a king or other wovereign power, or from a private person, as a charter of exemption, that no person shall be empannelled on a jury, a charter of pardon, etc. The charters under which most of the colonies in America were settled, were given by the king of England, and incorporated certain persons, with powers to hold the lands granted, to establish a government, and make laws for their own regulation. These were called charter-governments.

2. Any instrument, executed with form and solemnity, bestowing rights or privileges.

3. Privilege; immunity; exemption.

My mother, Who has a charter to extol her blood, When she does praise me, grieves me.

CHARTER, verb transitive

1. To hire or to let a ship by charter [See Charter-party.]

2. To establish by charter

CHARTERED, participle passive

1. Hired or let, as a ship.

2. Invested with privileges by charter; privileged.

3. Granted by charter; as chartered rights; chartered power.

CHARTERING, participle present tense

1. Giving a charter; establishing by charter.

2. Hiring or letting by charter.

CHARTLESS, adjective Without a chart; of which no chart has been made; not delineated on paper; as the charless main.

CHARTULARY, noun An officer in the ancient Latin church, who had the care of charters and other papers of a public nature. Blackstone uses this word for a record or register, as of a monastery.

CHARY, adjective [Sax. Cearig. See Care.] Careful; wary; frugal.

CHASABLE, adjective That may be chased; fit for the chase.

CHASE, verb transitive

1. Literally to drive, urge, press forward with vehemence; hence, to pursue for the purpose of taking, as game; to hunt.

2. To purse, or drive, as a defeated or flying enemy. Leviticus 26:7. Deuteronomy 32:30.

3. To follow or pursue, as an object of desire; to pursue for the purpose of taking; as, to chase a ship.

4. To drive; to pursue.

CHASEd by their brothers endless malice.

To chase away, is to compel to depart; to disperse.

To chase metals. [See Enchase.]

CHASE, noun

1. Vehement pursuit; a running or driving after; as game, in hunting; a flying enemy, in war; a ship a sea, etc.

2. Pursuit with an ardent desire to obtain, as pleasure, profit, fame, etc.; earnest seeking.

3. That which may be chased; that which is usually taken by chase; as beasts of chase

4. That which is pursued or hunted; as, seek some other chase So at sea, a ship chased is called the chase

5. In law, a driving of cattle to or from a place.

6. An open ground, or place of retreat for deer and other wild beasts; differing from a forest, which is not private property and is invested with privileges, and from a park which is inclosed. A chase is private property, and well stored with wild beasts or game.

7. An iron frame used by printers to confine types, when set in columns.

8. chase of a gun, is the whole length of the bore.

9. A term in the game of tennis.

CHASE guns, in a ship of war, guns used in chasing an enemy or in defending a ship when chased. These have their ports at the head or stern. A gun at the head is called a bow-chase; at the stern, a stern-chase.

CHASED, participle passive Pursed; sought ardently; driven.

CHASER, noun

1. One who chases; a pursuer; a driver; a hunter.

2. An enchaser. [See Enchase.]

ASSIDE'ANS or CHASIDE'ANS, [Heb. pious.]

A sect of Jews who resorted to Mattathias to fight for the laws of their God and the liberties of their country. They were men of great zeal, and observed the traditions of the elders. From these sprung the Pharisees and Essenes.

CHASING, participle present tense Pursuing; driving; hunting.

CHASM, noun

1. A cleft; a fissure; a gap; properly, an opening made by disrupture, as a beach in the earth or a rock.

2. A void space; a vacuity.

Between the two propositions, that the gospel is true and that it is false, what a fearful chasm! The unsettled reason hovers over it in dismay.

CHASMED, adjective Having gaps or a chasm.

CHASSELAS, noun A sort of grape.

CHASTE, adjective

1. Pure from all unlawful commerce of sexes. Applied to persons before marriage, it signifies pure from all sexual commerce, undefiled; applied to married persons, true to the marriage bed.

2. Free from obscenity.

While they behold your chaste conversation. 1 Peter 3:2.

3. In language, pure; genuine; uncorrupt; free from barbarous words and phrases, and from quaint, affected, extravagant expressions.

CHASTELY, adverb In a chaste manner; without unlawful commerce of sexes; without obscenity; purely; without barbarisms or unnatural phrases.

CHASTEN, verb transitive

1. To correct by punishment; to punish; to inflict pain for the purpose of reclaiming an offender; as, to chasten a son with a rod.

I will chasten him with the rod of men. 2 Samuel 7:14.

2. To afflict by other means.

As many as I love I rebuke and chasten Revelation 3:19.

3. To purify from errors or faults.

CHASTENED, participle passive Corrected; punished; afflicted for correction.

CHASTENER, noun One who punishes, for the purpose of correction.

CHASTENESS, noun Chastity; purity.

CHASTENING, participle present tense Correcting; afflicting for correction.

CHASTENING, noun Correction; punishment for the purpose of reclaiming.

No chastening for the present seemeth to be joyous but grievous. Hebrews 12:11.

CHASTISABLE, adjective Deserving of chastisement.

CHASTISE, verb transitive

1. To correct by punishing; to punish; to inflict pain by stripes, or in other manner, for the purpose of punishing an offender and recalling him to his duty.

I will chastise you seven times for your sins. Leviticus 26:28.

2. To reduce to order or obedience; to restrain; to awe; to repress.

The gay social sense, By decency chastisd.

3. To correct; to purify by expunging faults; as, to chastise a poem.

CHASTISED, participle passive Punished; corrected.

CHASTISEMENT, noun Correction; punishment; pain inflicted for punishment and correction, either by stripes or otherwise.

Shall I so much dishonour my fair stars, On equal terms to give him chastisement

I have borne chastisement I will not offend any more. Job 34:31.

The chastisement of our peace, in Scripture, was the pain which Christ suffered to purchase our peace and reconciliation to God. Isaiah 53:5.

CHASTISER, noun One who chastises; a punisher; a corrector.

CHASTISING, participle present tense Punishing for correction; correcting.

CHASTITY, noun

1. Purity of the body; freedom from all unlawful commerce of sexes. Before marriage, purity from all commerce of sexes; after marriage, fidelity to the marriage bed.

2. Freedom from obscenity, as in language or conversation.

3. Freedom from bad mixture; purity in words and phrases.

4. Purity; unadulterated state; as the chastity of the gospel.

CHAT, verb intransitive

1. To talk in a familiar manner; to talk without form or ceremony.

2. To talk idly; to prate.

CHAT, verb transitive To talk of.

CHAT, noun Free, familiar talk; idle talk; prate.

CHAT, noun A twig, or little stick. [See Chit.]

CHATEAU, noun A castle; a seat in the country.

CHATELET, noun A little castle.

CHATELLANY, noun The lordship or jurisdiction of a castellan, or governor of a castle. [See Castellany.]

CHATOYANT, adjective A hard stone, a little transparent, which being cut smooth presents on its surface and in the interior, an undulating or wavy light. It is of a yellowish gray color or verging to an olive green. It rarely exceeds the size of a filbert.

CHATOYMENT, noun Changeable colors, or changeableness of color, in a mineral; play of colors.

CHATTEL, noun chatl. [See Cattle.] Primarily, any article of movable goods. In modern usage, the word chattels comprehends all goods, movable or immovable, except such as have the nature of freehold. Chattels are real or personal. Chattels real, are such as concern or savor of the realty, as a term for years of land, ward-ships in chivalry, the next presentation to a church, estates by statute merchant, elegit and the like. Chattels personal, are things movable, as animals, furniture of a house, jewels, corn, etc.

CHATTER, verb intransitive [See Chat.]

1. To utter sounds rapidly and indistinctly, as a magpie, or a monkey.

2. To make a noise by collision of the teeth. We say, the teeth chatter when one is chilly and shivering.

3. To talk idly, carelessly or rapidly; to jabber.

CHATTER, noun Sounds like those of a pie or monkey; idle talk.

CHATTERER, noun A prater; an idle talker.

CHATTERING, participle present tense Uttering rapid, indistinct sounds, as birds; talking idly; moving rapidly and clashing, as the teeth.

CHATTERING, noun Rapid, inarticulate sounds, as of birds; idle talk; rapid striking of the teeth, as in chilliness.

CHATTING, participle present tense Talking familiarly.

CHATTY, adjective Given to free conversation; talkative.

CHATWOOD, noun Little sticks; fuel.

CHAUMONTELLE, noun A sort of pear.

CHAUN, noun A gap.

CHAUN, verb intransitive To open; to yawn.

CHAVENDER,

CHAW, verb transitive

1. To grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food in eating; to ruminate, or to chew as the cud.

2. To ruminate in thought; to revolve and consider.

CHAW, noun

1. The jaw. Ezekiel 29:4. But in modern editions of the Bible it is printed jaw.

2. In vulgar language, a cud; as much as is put in the mouth at once.

CHAW, v.t.

CHAW, n.

CHAWDRON, noun Entrails.

CHAY, noun Chaya-root; the root of the Oldenlandia umbellata, used in dyeing red.

CHEAP, adjective

1. Bearing a low price, in market; that may be purchased at a low price; that is, at a price as low or lower than the usual price of the article or commodity, or at a price less than the real value. The sense is always comparative; for a price deemed cheap at one time is considered dear at another.

It is a principle which the progress of political science has clearly established; a principle that illustrates at once the wisdom of the creator and the blindness of human cupidity, that it is cheaper to hire the labor of freemen than to compel the labor of slaves.

2. Being of small value; common; not respected; as cheap beauty.

Make not yourself cheap in the eyes of the world.

CHEAP, noun Bargain; purchase; as in the phrases, good cheap better cheap; the original phrases from which we have cheap

CHEAPEN, verb transitive

1. To attempt to buy; to ask the price of a commodity; to chaffer.

To shops in crowds the daggled females fly,

Pretend to cheapen goods, but nothing buy.

2. To lessen value.

CHEAPENER, noun One who cheapens or bargains.

CHEAPLY, adverb At a small price; at a low rate.

CHEAPNESS, noun Lowness in price, considering the usual price, or real value.

CHEAR, [See Cheer.]

CHEAT, verb transitive

1. To deceive and defraud in a bargain; to deceive for the purpose of gain in selling. Its proper application is to commerce, in which a person uses some arts, or misrepresentations, or withholds some facts, by which he deceives the purchaser.

2. To deceive by any artifice, trick or device, with a view to gain an advantage contrary to common honesty; as, to cheat a person at cards.

3. To impose on; to trick. It is followed by of or out of, and colloquially by into, as to cheat a child into a belief that a medicine is palatable.

CHEAT, noun

1. A fraud committed by deception; a trick; imposition; imposture.

2. A person who cheats; one guilty of fraud by deceitful practices.

CHEATABLENESS, noun Liability to be cheated.

CHEATED, participle present tense Defrauded by deception.

CHEATER, noun One who practices a fraud in commerce.

CHEATING, participle present tense Defrauding by deception; imposing on.

CHEATING, noun The act of defrauding by deceitful arts.

CHECK, verb transitive

1. To stop; to restrain; to hinder; to curb. It signifies to put an entire stop to motion, or to restrain its violence, and cause an abatement; to moderate.

2. To rebuke; to chide or reprove.

3. To compare any paper with its counterpart or with a cipher, with a view to ascertain its authenticity; to compare corresponding papers; to control by a counter-register.

4. In seamenship, to ease of a little of a rope, which is too stiffly extended; also, to stopper the cable.

CHECK, verb intransitive

1. To stop; to make a stop; with at.

The mid checks at any vigorous undertaking.

2. To clash or interfere.

I love to check with business.

3. To strike with repression.

CHECK, noun

1. A stop; hindrance; rebuff; sudden restraint, or continued restraint; curb; control; government.

2. That which stops or restrains, as reproof, reprimand, rebuke, slight or disgust, fear, apprehension, a person; any stop or obstruction.

3. In falconry, when a hawk forsakes her proper game, to follow rooks, pies, or other fowls, that cross her in her flight.

4. The correspondent cipher of a bank note; a corresponding indenture; any counter-register.

5. A term in chess, when one party obliges the other either to move or guard his king.

6. An order for money, drawn on a banker or on the cashier of a bank, payable to the bearer.

This is a sense derived from that in definition 4.

7. In popular use, checkered cloth; check for checkered.

CHECK or check-roll, a roll or book containing the names of persons who are attendants and in the pay of a king or great personage, as domestic servants.

Clerk of the check in the British Kings household, has the check and control of the yeomen of the guard, and all the ushers belonging to the royal family, the care of the watch, etc.

Clerk of the check in the British Royal Dock-Yards, is an officer who keeps a register of all the men employed on board his majestys ships and vessels, and of all the artificers in the service of the navy, at the port where he is settled.

CHECKED, CHECKT, participle passive Stopped; restrained; repressed; curbed; moderated; controlled; reprimanded.

CHECKER, verb transitive

1. To variegate with cross lines; to form into little squares, like a chess board, by lines or stripes of different colors. Hence,

2. To diversify; to variegate with different qualities, scenes, or events.

Our minds are, as it were, checkered with truth and falsehood.

CHECKER, noun

1. One who checks or restrains; a rebuker.

2. A chess-board.

CHECKERS, n plural A common game on a checkered board.

CHECKING, participle present tense Stopping; curbing; restraining; moderating; controlling; rebuking.

CHECKLESS, adjective That cannot be checked, or restrained.

CHECKED, CHECKT participle passive Stopped; restrained; repressed; curbed; moderated; controlled; reprimanded.

CHECKY, noun In heraldry, a border that has more than two rows of checkers, or when the bordure or shield is checkered, like a chess-board.

CHEEK, noun

1. The side of the face below the eyes on each side.

2. Among mechanics, cheeks are those pieces of a machine which form corresponding sides, or which are double and alike; as the cheeks of a printing press, which stand perpendicular and support the three sommers, the head, shelves and winter; the cheeks of a turners lathe; the cheeks of a glaziers vise; the cheeks of a mortar, and of a gun-carriage; the cheeks of a mast, which serve to sustain the trestle trees, etc.

CHEEK by jowl, closeness, proximity.

CHEEKED, adjective Brought near the cheek.

CHEEP, verb intransitive To chirp, as a small bird.

CHEER, verb transitive

1. To salute with shouts of joy, or cheers.

2. To dispel gloom, sorrow, silence or apathy; to cause to rejoice; to gladden; to make cheerful; as, to cheer a lonely desert; the cheering rays of the sun; good news cheers the heart.

3. To infuse life; spirit, animation; to incite; to encourage; as, to cheer the hounds.

CHEER, verb intransitive To grow cheerful; to become gladsome, or joyous.

At sight of thee my gloomy soul cheers up.

CHEER up, my lads.

CHEER, noun

1. A shout of joy; as, they gave three cheers.

2. A state of gladness or joy; a state of animation, above gloom and depression of spirits, but below mirth, gayety and jollity.

Son, be of good cheer thy sins are forgiven thee. Matthew 9:2.

Then were they all of good cheer and they also took some meat. Acts 27:22.

3. Mirth; gayety; jollity; as at a feast.

4. Invitation to gayety.

5. Entertainment; that which makes cheerful; provisions for a feast.

The table was loaded with good cheer

6. Air of countenance, noting a greater or less degree of cheerfulness.

His words their drooping cheer Enlightened.

CHEERED, participle passive Enlivened; animated; made glad.

CHEERER, noun One who cheers; he or that which gladdens.

Thou cheerer of our days.

Prime cheerer light.

CHEERFUL, adjective

1. Lively; animated; having good spirits; moderately joyful. This is the most usual signification of the word, expressing a degree of animation less than mirth and jollity.

2. Full of life; gay; animated; mirthful; musical; as the cheerful birds.

3. Expressive of good spirits or joy; lively; animated.

A merry heart maketh a cheerful countenance. Proverbs 15:13.

CHEERFULLY, adverb In a cheerful manner; with alacrity or willingness; readily; with life, animation or good spirits.

CHEERFULNESS, noun Life; animation; good spirits; a state of moderate joy or gayety; alacrity.

He that showeth mercy, with cheerfulness Romans 12:8.

CHEERILY, adverb With cheerfulness; with spirit.

CHEERING, participle present tense Giving joy or gladness; enlivening; encouraging; animating.

CHEERISHNESS, noun State of cheerfulness.

CHEERLESS, adjective Without joy, gladness, or comfort; gloomy; destitute of any thing to enliven or animate the spirits.

CHEERLY, adjective Gay; cheerful; not gloomy.

CHEERLY, adverb Cheerfully; heartily; briskly.

CHEERLY, adjective Gay; sprightly; having power to make gay.

Come, let us hie, and quaff a cheery bowl.

CHEESE, noun

1. The curd of milk, coagulated by rennet, separated from the serum or whey, and pressed in a vat, hoop or mold.

2. A mass of pumice or ground apples placed on a press.

CHEESY, adjective Having the nature, qualities, taste or form of cheese.

CHEGOE, noun A tropical insect that enters the skin of the feet and multiplies incredibly, causing an itching.

CHEIROPTER, noun An animal whose anterior toes are connected by a membrane, and whose feet thus serve for wings, as the bat.

CHELIDON, noun A brown fly with silvery wings.

CHELIFEROUS, adjective Furnished with claws, as an animal.

CHELIFORM, adjective Having the form of a claw.

CHELMSFORDITE, noun A mineral arranged as a subspecies of schaalstein; found in Chelmsford, Massachusetts.

CHELONIAN, adjective Pertaining to or designating animals of the tortoise kind.

CHELY, noun The claw of a shell-fish.

CHEMICAL. [See Chimical.]

CHEMICALLY. [See Chimically.]

CHEMISE, noun

1. A shift, or under garment worn by females.

2. A wall that lines the face of any work of earth.

CHEMIST. [ See chimist.]

CHEMISTRY. [See Chimistry.]

CHEQUER. [See Checker.]

CHERIFF, noun Written also Sheriff. The prince of Mecca; a high priest among the Mohammedans.

CHERISH, noun The prince of Mecca; a high priest among the Mohammedans.

CHERISH, verb transitive

1. To treat with tenderness and affection; to give warmth, ease or comfort to.

We were gentle among you, even as a nurse cherisheth her children. 1 Thessalonians 2:7.

The damsel was fair and cherished the king. 1 Kings 1:2.

2. To hold as dear; to embrace with affection; to foster, and encourage; as, to cherish the principles of virtue; to cherish religion in the heart.

3. To treat in a manner to encourage growth, by protection, aid, attendance, or supplying nourishment; as, to cherish tender plants.

4. To harbor; to indulge and encourage in the mind; as, to cherish ill will, or any evil passion.

CHERISHED, participle passive Treated with tenderness; warmed; comforted; fostered.

CHERISHER, noun One who cherishes; an encourager; a supporter.

CHERISHING, participle present tense Warming; comforting; encouraging; fostering; treating with affection.

CHERISHMENT, noun Encouragement; comfort.

CHERMES. [See Kermes.]

CHERRY, noun The fruit of a tree, a species of Prunus, of which there are many varieties, as the red or garden cherry the red heart, the white heart, the black cherry the black heart, and several others. The fruit is a pulp inclosing a kernel. It is related that this fruit was brought from Cerasus in Pontus to Italy, after the defeat of Mithridates by Lucullus, A R. 680., and introduced into England by the Romans, about 120 years afterwards, adjective D. 55.

Barbadoes cherry is the genus Malpighia, of several species. The berries are red, cherry-shaped, acid and eatable.

Bird cherry is a species of Prunus, the common laurel or lauro-cerasus.

Also, the Prunus padus.

Cornelian cherry is the fruit of the Cornus, cornel-tree or dogwood. It is a small, acid, cherry-like, eatable berry.

Dwarf cherry is the fruit of a species of Lonicera, or honey-suckle.

Hottentot-cherry, is the fruit of a species of Cassine. The fruit is a trispermous berry of a dark purple color.

Winter-cherry, is a name of the fruit of the Physalis, a genus of many species. It is a berry of the size of a small cherry inclosed in an inflated, bladder-like calyx. This name is also given to a species of Solanum.

CHERRY, adjective Like a red cherry in color; red, ruddy, blooming; as a cherry lip; cherry cheeks.

CHERRY, noun A cordial composed of cherry juice and spirit, sweetened, and diluted. The wild cherry is most generally used for this purpose, being steeped for some days in spirit, which extracts the juice of the fruit; the tincture is then sweetened and diluted to the taste. This cordial is moderately bitter and astringent. It is sometimes made of the mazzard.

CHERSONESE, noun A peninsula; a tract of land of any indefinite extent, which is nearly surrounded by water, but united to a larger tract by a neck of land or isthmus; as the Cimbric chersonese or Jutland; the Tauric chersonese or Crimea.

CHERT, noun In mineralogy, a subspecies of rhomboidal quartz; called also hornstone, petrosilex or rock flint. It is less hard than common quartz; its fracture usually dull and splintery, sometimes more or less conchoidal. It is more or less translucent, sometimes at the edges, and sometimes the whole mass, if thin, has the strong translucency of certain horns. Its colors are numerous and usually dull. It is usually amorphous, sometimes globular, or in nodules. It occurs often in veins, especially metallic, in primitive mountains.

CHERT is also applied to other minerals besides hornstone. Aikin calls a variety of flint, flinty chert and the Derbyshire miners apply the term, black chert to a fusible mineral, whereas the hornstone above described is infusible.

CHERTY, adjective Like chert; flinty.

CHERUB, noun plural Cherubs, but the Hebrew plural cherubim is also used.

A figure composed of various creatures, as a man, an ox, an eagle or lion. The first mention of cherubs is in Genesis 3:24, where the figure is not described, but their office was, with a flaming sword, to keep or guard the way of the tree of life. The two cherubs which Moses was commanded to make at the ends of the Mercy seat, were to be of beaten work of gold; and their wings were to extend over the Mercy seat, their faces towards each other, and between them was the residence of the Deity. Exodus 15:1. The cherubs, in Ezekiels vision, had each four heads or faces, the hands of a man and wings. The four faces were, the face of a bull, that of a man, that of a lion, and that of an eagle. They had the likeness of a man. Ezekiel 4:1, and 10. In 2 Samuel 22:11, and Psalms 18:10, Jehovah is represented as riding on a cherub and flying on the wings of the wind. In the celestial hierarchy, cherubs are represented as spirits next in order to seraphs. The hieroglyphical and emblematical figures embroidered on the vails of the tabernacle are called cherubs of curious or skilful work. Exodus 26:1.

CHERUBIC,

CHERUBIC, adjective Pertaining to cherubs; angelic.

CHERUBIM, noun The Hebrew plural of cherub.

CHERUBIN, adjective Cherubic; angelic.

CHERUBIN, noun A cherub.

CHERUP, a corruption of chirp, which see.

CHERVIL, noun A genus of plants, two species of which are called cow-weed.

CHESAPEAK, noun A bay of the United States, whose entrance is between Cape Charles and Cape Henry, in Virginia, and which extends northerly into Maryland 270 miles. It receives the waters of the Susquehannah, Potomack, Rappahannock, York, and James Rivers.

CHESIBLE, noun A short vestment without sleeves, worn by a popish priest at mass.

CHESLIP, noun A small vermin that lies under stones and tiles.

CHESS, noun An ingenious game performed by two parties with different pieces, on a checkered board, that is, a board divided into sixty four squares or houses. The success of the game depends almost entirely on skill. Each gamester has eight dignified pieces, called a king, a queen, two bishops, two knights, and two rooks or castles; also eight pawns. The pieces of the parties are of different colors.

CHESS, noun In New England, that weed which grows among wheat, and is supposed to be wheat degenerated or changed, as it abounds most in fields where the wheat is winter-killed. It bears some resemblance to oats. This fact is mentioned by Pliny, Nat. Hist. Lib. 18. Ca 17. Primum omnium frumenti vitium avena est: et hordeum in eam degenerat. This change of wheat and barley into oats, he ascribes to a moist soil, wet weather, bad seed, etc. This opinion coincides with observations in America, as wheat is most liable to perish in moist land, and often in such places, almost all the wheat is killed, and instead of it chess often appears.

CHESSOM, noun Mellow earth.

CHEST, noun

1. A box of wood or other material, in which goods are kept or transported. It differs from a trunk in not being covered with skin or leather.

2. The trunk of the body from the neck to the belly; the thorax. Hence, broad-chested, narrow-chested, having a broad or narrow chest

3. In commerce, a certain quantity; as a chest of sugar; a chest of indigo; etc.

CHEST of drawers is a case of movable boxes called drawers.

CHEST, verb transitive To reposit in a chest; to hoard.

CHESTNUT, noun The fruit, seed or nut of a tree belonging to the genus Fagus. It is inclosed in a prickly pericarp, which contains two or more seeds.

CHESTNUT, adjective Being of the color of a chestnut; of a brown color. It is perhaps rarely used as a noun.

CHESTON, noun A species of plum.

CHEVACHIE, noun An expedition with cavalry.

CHEVAL DE FRISE, generally used in the plural, chevaux de frise, pronounced shevo de freez.

1. A piece of timber traversed with wooden spikes, pointed with iron, five or six feet long; used to defend a passage, stop a breach, or make a retrenchment to stop cavalry.

2. A kind of trimming.

CHEVAGE, noun A tribute by the head.

CHEVALIER, noun

1. A knight; a gallant young man.

2. In heraldry, a horseman armed at all points.

CHEVEN, noun A river fish, the chub.

CHEVEN, noun The chub, a fish.

CHEVERIL, noun A kid, or rather leather made of kid-skin; used as a noun or adjective.

CHEVERILIZE, verb transitive To make as pliable as kid-leather.

CHEVISANCE, noun

1. Achievement; deed; performance; enterprize accomplished.

2. In law, a making of contracts; a bargain.

3. An unlawful agreement or contract. James 1:12.

4. An agreement or composition, as an end or order set down between a creditor and his debtor.

CHEVRON, noun In heraldry, an honorable ordinary, representing two rafters of a house meeting at the top.

CHEVRONED, adjective Having a chevron, or the form of it.

CHEVROTAIN, noun The smallest of the antelope kind.

CHEW, verb transitive

1. To bite and grind with the teeth; to masticate, as food, to prepare it for deglutition and digestion.

2. To ruminate in the thoughts; to meditate; as, to chew revenge.

3. To champ; to bite, hold or roll about in the mouth; as, to chew tobacco.

4. To taste, without swallowing.

CHEW, verb intransitive To champ upon; to ruminate.

Old politicians chew on wisdom past.

CHEW, noun That which is chewed; that which is held in the mouth at once; a cud.

CHEWED, participle passive Ground by the teeth; masticated.

CHEWET, noun A kind of pie, made with chopped substances.

CHEWING, participle present tense Grinding with the teeth; masticating; ruminating; meditating; champing.

CHIA, noun A beautiful Mexican plant.

CHIAN, adjective Pertaining to Chios, an isle in the Levant.

CHIAN earth, a medicinal, dense, compact kind of earth, from Chios, used anciently as an astringent, and a cosmetic.

CHIAN turpentine, or Cyprus turpentine, is procured from the Pistacia Terebinthus. It is of the consistence of honey, clear and of a yellowish white.

CHIASTOLITE, noun A mineral, called also macle, whose crystals are arranged in a peculiar manner. The form of the crystals is a four-sided prism, whose bases are rhombs, differing little from squares. But each crystal, when viewed at its extremities, or on a transverse section, is obviously composed of two very different substances; and its general aspect is that of a black prism, passing longitudinally through the axis of another prism which is whitish. The term macle, as the name of a distinct species, applies to the whitish prisms only.

CHIBBAL, noun A small sort of onion.

CHICANE, noun

1. In law, shift; turn; trick; cavil; an abuse of judiciary proceedings, by artifices, unfair practices, or idle objections, which tend to perplex a cause, puzzle the judge, or impose on a party, and thus to delay or pervert justice.

2. In disputes, sophistry; distinctions and subtleties, that tend to perplex the question and obscure the truth.

3. Any artifice or stratagem.

CHICANE, verb intransitive To use shafts, cavils or artifices.

CHICANER, noun One who uses shifts, turns, evasions or undue artifices, in litigation or disputes; a caviller; a sophister; an unfair disputant.

CHICANERY, noun Sophistry; mean or unfair artifices to perplex a cause and obscure the truth.

CHICHES, noun Dwarf peas.

CHICHLING,

CHICK, verb intransitive To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate.

CHICK, v.i. To sprout, as seed in the ground; to vegetate.

CHICKEN, noun

1. The young of fowls, particularly of the domestic hen, or gallinaceous fowls.

2. A person of tender years.

3. A word of tenderness.

CHICKLING, noun A small chick or chicken.

CHIDE, verb transitive

1. To scold at; to reprove; to utter words in anger, or by way of disapprobation; to rebuke; as, to chide one for his faults.

2. To blame; to reproach; as, to chide folly or negligence.

To chide from or chide away, is to drive away by scolding or reproof.

CHIDE, verb intransitive

1. To scold; to clamor; to find fault; to contend in words of anger; sometimes followed by with.

The people did chide with Moses. Exodus 17:2.

2. To quarrel.

3. To make a rough, clamorous, roaring noise; as the chiding flood.

CHIDE, noun Murmur; gentle noise.

CHIDER, noun One who chides, clamors, reproves or rebukes.

CHIDERESS, noun A female who chides.

CHIDING, participle present tense Scolding; clamoring; rebuking; making a harsh or continued noise.

CHIDING, noun A scolding or clamoring; rebuke; reproof.

CHIDINGLY, adverb In a scolding or reproving manner.

CHIEF, adjective

1. Highest in office or rank; principal; as a chief priest; the chief butler. Genesis 40:9.

Among the chief rulers, many believed on him. John 12:10.

2. Principal or most eminent, in any quality or action; most distinguished; having most influence; commanding most respect; taking the lead; most valuable; most important; a word of extensive use; as a country chief in arms.

The hand of the princes and rulers hath been chief in this trespass. Ezra 9:2.

Agriculture is the chief employment of men.

3. First in affection; most dear and familiar.

A whisperer separateth chief friends. Proverbs 16:28.

CHIEF, noun

1. A commander; particularly a military commander; the person who heads an army; equivalent to the modern terms, commander or general in chief captain general, or generalissimo. 1 Chronicles 11:6.

2. The principal person of a tribe, family, or congregation, etc.

Numbers 3:24. Job 29:25. Math. 20.

3. In chief in English law, in capite. To hold land in chief is to hold it directly from the king by honorable personal services.

4. In heraldry, chief signifies the head or upper part of the escutcheon, from side to side, representing a mans head. In chief imports something borne in this part.

5. In Spenser, it seems to signify something like achievement, a mark of distinction; as, chaplets wrought with a chief

6. This word is often used, in the singular number, to express a plurality.

I took the chief of your tribes, wise men and known, and made them heads over you. Deuteronomy 1:15.

These were the chief of the officers, that were over Solomons work. 1 Kings 9:23.

In these phrases, chief may have been primarily an adjective, that is, chief men, chief persons.

7. The principal part; the most or largest part, of one thing or of many.

The people took of the spoil, sheep and oxen, the chief of the things which should have been utterly destroyed. 1 Samuel 15:21.

He smote the chief of their strength. Psalms 68:1.

The chief of the debt remains unpaid.

CHIEF, adverb Chiefly.

CHIEFAGE,

CHIEFDOM, noun Sovereignty.

CHIEFLESS, adjective Without a chief or leader.

CHIEFLY, adverb

1. Principally; eminently; in the first place.

It chiefly concerns us to obey the divine precepts.

2. For the most part.

In the parts of the kingdom where the estates of the dissenters chiefly lay.

CHIEFRIE, noun A small rent paid to the lord paramount.

CHIEFTAIN, noun A captain, leader or commander; a chief; the head of a troop, army or clan. It is most commonly used in the latter sense. The chieftains of the Highland clans in Scotland, were the principal noblemen and gentlemen.

CHIEFTAINRY,

CHIEFTAINSHIP, noun Headship; captaincy; the government over a clan.

CHIEVANCE, noun An unlawful bargain; traffick in which money is extorted.

CHIEVE or CHIVE, verb intransitive To come to an end; to issue; to succeed.

CHILBLAIN, noun A blain or sore produced by cold; a tumor affecting the hands and feet, accompanied with inflammation, pain, and sometimes ulceration.

CHILD, noun

1. A son or a daughter; a male or female descendant, in the first degree; the immediate progeny of parents; applied to the human race, and chiefly to a person when young. The term is applied to infants from their birth; but the time when they cease ordinarily to be so called, is not defined by custom. In strictness, a child is the shoot, issue or produce of the parents, and a person of any age, in respect to the parents, is a child

An infant.

Hagar cast the child under one of the shrubs. Genesis 21:8.

It signifies also a person of more advanced years.

Jephthas daughter was his only child Judges 11:34.

The child shall behave himself proudly. Isaiah 3:5.

A curse will be on those who corrupt the morals of their children.

The application of child to a female in opposition to a male, as in Shakspeare, is not legitimate.

2. One weak in knowledge, experience, judgment or attainments; as, he is a mere child

Behold, I cannot speak, for I am a child Jeremiah 1:6.

3. One young in grace. 1 John 2:1.

One who is unfixed in principles. Ephesians 4:1.

4. One who is born again, spiritually renewed and adopted; as a child of God.

5. One who is the product of another; or whose principles and morals are the product of another.

Thou child of the devil. Acts 13:10.

That which is the product or effect of something else.

This noble passion, child of integrity.

6. In the plural, the descendants of a man however remote; as the children of Israel; the children of Edom.

7. The inhabitants of a country; as the children of Seir. 2 Chronicles 25:1.

To be with child to be pregnant. Genesis 16:11, Gen 29:36.

CHILD, verb intransitive To bring children.

CHILDBED, noun The state of a woman bringing forth a child or being in labor; parturition.

CHILDBIRTH, noun The act of bringing forth a child; travail; labor; as the pains of childbirth

CHILDED, adjective Furnished with a child.

CHILDERMAS DAY, noun An anniversary of the church of England, held on the 28th of December, in commemoration of the children of Bethlehem slain by Herod; called also Innocents Day.

CHILDHOOD, noun

1. The state of a child, or the time in which persons are children, including the time from birth to puberty. But in a more restricted sense, the state or time from infancy to puberty. Thus we say, infancy, childhood youth and manhood.

CHILDHOOD and youth are vanity. Ecclesiastes 11:10.

2. The properties of a child.

CHILDING, participle present tense Bearing children; producing; as childing women.

CHILDISH, adjective

1. Belonging to a child; trifling; puerile.

When I became a man, I put away childish things. 1 Corinthians 13:11.

2. Pertaining to a child; as childish yeas or age; childish sports.

3. Pertaining to children; ignorant; silly; weak; as childish fear.

CHILDISHLY, adverb In the manner of a child; in a trifling way; in a weak or foolish manner.

CHILDISHNESS, noun Triflingness, puerility, the state or qualities of a child, in reference to manners. But in reference to the mind, simplicity, harmlessness, weakness of intellect.

CHILDLIKE, adjective Resembling a child or that which belongs to children; becoming a child; meek; submissive; dutiful; as childlike obedience.

CHILDLY, adjective Like a child.

CHILDREN, noun plural Of child.

CHILI, adjective

1. Cool; moderately cold; tending to cause shivering; as the chill vapors of night.

2. Shivering with cold.

My chill veins freeze with despair.

3. Cool; distant; formal; dull; not warm, animated or affectionate; as a chill reception.

4. Depressed; dispirited; dejected; discouraged.

CHILL, verb transitive

1. To cause a shivering, or shrinking of the skin; to check circulation or motion; as, to chill the blood, or the veins. The force of this word lies in expressing the shivering and shrinking caused by cold.

2. To make cold, or cool; as, the evening air chills the earth.

3. To blast with cold; to check the circulation in plants, and stop their growth.

4. To check motion, life or action; to depress; to deject; to discourage; as, to chill the gayety of the spirits.

CHILIAD, noun

1. A thousand; a collection or sum, containing a thousand individuals or particulars.

2. The period of a thousand years.

CHILIAGON, noun A plain figure of a thousand angles and sides.

CHILIAHEDRON, noun A figure of a thousand equal sides.

CHILIARCH, noun A body consisting of a thousand men.

CHILIAST, noun One of the sect of Millenarians.

CHILIFACTIVE. [See Chylifactive.]

CHILIOLITER. [See Kiloliter.]

CHILIOMETER. [See Kilometer.]

CHILL, noun

1. A shivering with cold; rigors, as in an ague; the cold fit that precedes a fever; sensation of cold in an animal body; chilliness. [See Cold and Heat.]

2. A moderate degree of cold; chilliness in any body; that which gives the sensation of cold.

CHILLED, participle passive Made cool; made to shiver; dejected.

CHILLI, noun A Mexican plant, Guinea pepper.

CHILLINESS, noun

1. A sensation of shivering; rigors.

2. A moderate degree of coldness; as the chilliness of the air, which tends to cause a shivering.

CHILLING, participle present tense Cooling; causing to shiver.

CHILLNESS, noun Coolness; coldness; a shivering.

CHILLY, adjective Cool; moderately cold, such as to cause shivering; as a chilly day, night, or air.

CHILOGRAM. [See Kilogram.]

CHIMB, noun [See Chime.]

CHIME, noun

1. The consonant or harmonic sounds of several correspondent instruments.

Instruments that made melodious chime

2. Correspondence of sound.

Love - harmonized the chime

3. The musical sounds of bells, struck with hammers.

4. Correspondence of proportion or relation.

5. A kind of periodical music, or tune of a clock, produced by an apparatus annexed to it.

6. A set of bells which chime or ring in harmony.

CHIME, verb intransitive

1. To sound in consonance or harmony; to accord.

To make the rough recital aptly chime

2. To correspond in relation or proportion.

Father and son, husband and wife, correlative terms, do readily chime

3. To agree; to fall in with.

He often chimed in with the discourse.

4. To agree; to suit with.

5. To jingle; to clatter.

The sely tonge may wel ringe and chimbe.

CHIME, verb transitive

1. To move, strike, or cause to sound in harmony.

2. To strike or cause to sound, as a set of bells.

CHIME, noun The edge or brim of a cask or tub, formed by the ends of the staves.

CHIMER, noun One who chimes.

CHIMERA, noun

1. In fabulous history, a monster with three heads, that of a lion, of a goat, and of a dragon, vomiting flames. The foreparts of the body wee those of a lion, the middle was that of a goat, and the hinder parts were those of a dragon; supposed to represent a volcanic mountain in Lycia, whose top was the resort of lions, the middle, that of goats, and the foot, that of serpents. Hence,

2. In modern usage, a vain or idle fancy; a creature of the imagination, composed of contradictions or absurdities, that can have no existence except in thought.

CHIMERICAL, adjective Merely imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wildly or vainly conceived; that has, or can have no existence except in thought.

CHIMERICALLY, adverb Wildly; vainly; fancifully; fantastically.

CHIMICAL, adjective [See Chimistry.]

1. Pertaining to chimistry; as a chimical operation.

2. Resulting from the operation of the principles of bodies by decomposition, combination, etc.; as chimical changes.

3. According to the principles of chimistry; as a chimical combination.

CHIMICALLY, adverb According to chimical principles; by chimical process or operation.

CHIMINAGE, noun In law, a toll for passage through a forest.

CHIMING, participle present tense Causing to chime; sounding in accordance.

CHIMIST, noun A person versed in chimistry; a professor of chimistry.

CHIMISTRY, noun chimistry is a science, the object of which is to discover the nature and properties of all bodies by analysis and synthesis.

CHIMISTRY is that science which explains the intimate mutual action of all natural bodies.

Analysis or decomposition, and synthesis or combination, are the two methods which chimistry uses to accomplish its purposes.

CHIMISTRY may be defined, the science which investigates the composition of material substances, and the permanent changes of constitution which their mutual actions produce.

CHIMISTRY may be defined, that science, the object of which is to discover and explain the changes of composition that occur among the integrant and constituent parts of different bodies.

CHIMISTRY is the science which treats of those events and changes in natural bodies, which are not accompanied by sensible motions.

CHIMISTRY is justly considered as a science, but the practical operations may be denominated an art.

CHIMNEY, noun

1. In architecture, a body of brick or stone, erected in a building, containing a funnel or funnels, to convey smoke, and other volatile matter through the roof, from the hearth or fire-place, where fuel is burnt. This body of materials is sometimes called a stack of chimneys, especially when it contains two or more funnels, or passages.

2. A fireplace; the lower part of the body of brick or stone which confines and conveys smoke.

CHIMPANZEE, noun An animal of the ape kind, a variety of the ourang-outang.

It is now considered a distinct species.

CHIN, noun The lower extremity of the face below the mouth; the point of the under jaw.

CHINA, noun A species of earthern ware made in china and so called from the country; called also china ware and porcelain. [See Porcelain.]

CHINCH, noun A genus of insects, resembling the feather-wing moths. These insects live in the flowers of plants, and wander from flower to flower, but prefer those which are sweetest.

CHINE, noun

1. The back-bone, or spine of an animal.

2. A piece of the back-bone of an animal, with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking.

3. The chime of a cask, or the ridge formed by the ends of the staves.

CHINE, verb transitive To cut through the back-bone, or into chine-pieces.

CHINED, adjective Pertaining to the back.

CHINESE, adjective Pertaining to China.

CHINESE, noun sing. and plural A native of China; also, the language of China.

CHINGLE, noun Gravel free from dirt. [See Shingle.]

CHINK, noun A small aperture lengthwise; a cleft, rent, or fissure, of greater length than breadth; a gap or crack; as the chinks of a wall.

CHINK, verb intransitive To crack; to open.

CHINK, verb transitive To open or part and form a fissure.

CHINK, verb transitive [See Jingle.] To cause to sound by shaking coins or small pieces of metal, or by bringing small sonorous bodies in collision; as, to chink a purse of money.

CHINK, verb intransitive To make a small sharp sound, as by the collision of little pieces of money, or other sonorous bodies.

CHINKAPIN, noun The dwarf chestnut, Fagus pumila, a tree that rises eight or ten feet, with a branching shrubby stem, producing a nut.

CHINKY, adjective Full of chinks, or fissures; gaping; opening in narrow clefts.

CHINNED, adjective Having a long chin.

CHINSE, verb transitive In naval affairs, to thrust oakum into the seams or chinks of a ship with a chisel or point of a knife, as a temporary expedient for calking.

CHINTS, noun Cotton cloth, printed with more than two colors.

CHIOPPINE, noun A high shoe, formerly worn by ladies.

CHIP, CHEAP, CHIPPING, in the names of places, imply a market; from Sax. Ceapan, cypan, to buy or sell. [See Cheap.]

CHIP, noun

1. A piece of wood or other substance, separated from a body by cutting instrument, particularly by an ax. It is used also for a piece of stone separated by a chisel or other instrument, in hewing.

2. A fragment or piece broken off; a small piece.

CHIP, verb transitive To cut into small pieces, or chips; to diminish by cutting away a little at a time, or in small pieces; to hew.

CHIP, verb intransitive To break or fly off in small pieces, as in potters ware.

CHIPPED, participle passive Cut in chips, or small pieces; hewed.

CHIPPING, noun

1. A chip; a piece cut off or separated by a cutting or engraving instrument; a fragment.

2. The flying or breaking off in small pieces, of the edges of potters ware, and porcelain.

CHIRAGRICAL, adjective Having the gout in the hand, or subject to that disease.

CHIRK, adjective Lively; cheerful; in god spirits; in a comfortable state.

CHIRK, verb intransitive To chirp.

CHIRM, verb intransitive To sing as a bird.

CHIROGRAPH, noun

1. Anciently a deed, which, requiring a counterpart, was engrossed twice on the same piece of parchment, with a space between, in which was written chirograph through which the parchment was cut, and one part given to each party. It answered to what is now called a charter-party.

2. A fine, so called from the manner of engrossing, which is still retained in the chirographers office in England.

CHIROGRAPHER, noun [See Chirograph.] He that exercises or professes the art or business of writing. In England, the chirographer of fines is an officer in the common pleas, who engrosses fines acknowledged in that court, and delivers the indentures to the parties.

CHIROGRAPHIC,

CHIROGRAPHICAL, adjective Pertaining to chirography.

CHIROGRAPHICAL, a. Pertaining to chirography.

CHIROGRAPHIST, noun One who tells fortunes by examining the hand.

CHIROGRAPHY, noun [See Chirograph.] The art of writing, or a writing with ones own hand.

CHIROLOGICAL, adjective Pertaining to chirology.

CHIROLOGIST, noun One who communicates thoughts by signs made with the hands and fingers.

CHIROLOGY, noun [See Chirologist.] The art or practice of communicating thoughts by signs made by the hands and fingers; a substitute for language or discourse, much used by the deaf and dumb, and by others who communicate with them.

CHIROMANCER, noun [See Chiromancy.] One who attempts to foretell future events, or to tell the fortunes and dispositions of persons, by inspecting the hands.

CHIROMANCY, noun Divination by the hand; the art or practice of attempting to foretell events, or to discover the dispositions of a person, by inspecting the lines and lineaments of his hand.

CHIROMANTIC, adjective Pertaining to chiromancy, or divination by the hand.

CHIROMANTIC deception.

CHIRP, verb intransitive Cherp. To make the noise of certain small birds, or of certain insects; as a chirping lark, or cricket.

CHIRP, verb transitive To make cheerful.

CHIRP, noun A particular voice of certain birds or insects.

CHIRPER, noun One that chirps, or is cheerful.

CHIRPING, participle present tense Making the noise of certain small birds.

CHIRPING, noun The noise of certain small birds and insects.

CHIRURGEON, noun A surgeon; one whose profession is to heal diseases by manual operations, instruments or external applications.

CHIRURGERY, noun That part of the medical art which consists in healing diseases and wounds by instruments and external applications; now written surgery.

CHIRURGIC,

CHIRURGICAL, adjective

1. Pertaining to surgery, or to the art of healing diseases and wounds by manual operations, instruments or external applications.

2. Having qualities useful in external applications, for healing diseases or injuries.

It is now written surgical.

CHIRURGICAL, a.

CHISEL, noun An instrument of iron or steel, used in carpentry, joinery, cabinet work, masonry, sculpture, etc., either for paring, hewing or gouging. Chisels are of different sizes and shapes, fitted for particular uses.

CHISEL, verb transitive To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel

CHISELED, participle passive Cut or engraved with a chisel.

CHISELING, participle present tense Cutting with a chisel.

CHISLEU, noun The ninth month of the Jewish year, answering to a part of November and a part of December, in the modern division of the year.

CHISTIANITY, noun [See Christian, from Christ.] The religion of Christians; or the system of doctrines and precepts taught by Christ, and recorded by the evangelists and apostles.

Whilst politicians are disputing about monarchies, aristocracies, and republics, Christianity is alike applicable, useful and friendly to them all.

CHIT, noun

1. A shoot or sprout; the first shooting or germination of a seed or plant. Hence,

2. A child or babe, in familiar language.

3. A freckle, that is, a push.

CHIT, verb intransitive To sprout; to shoot, as a seed or plant.

CHITTERLING, noun The frill to the breast of a shirt.

CHITTERLINGS, noun plural The guts or bowels; sausages.

CHITTY, adjective

1. Childish; like a babe.

2. Full of chits or warts.

CHIVALROUS, adjective [See Chivalry.] Pertaining to chivalry, or knight errantry; warlike; bold; gallant.

CHIVALRY, noun

1. Knighthood; a military dignity, founded on the service of soldiers on horseback, called knights; a service formerly deemed more honorable than service in infantry.

2. The qualifications of a knight, as valor and dexterity in arms.

3. The system of knighthood; the privileges, characteristics or manners of knights; the practice of knight-errantry, or the heroic defense of life and honor.

4. An adventure or exploit, as of a knight.

5. The body or order of knights.

6. In English law, a tenure of lands by knights service; that is, by the condition of performing service on horseback, or of performing some noble or military service to his lord. This was general or special; general, when the tenant held per servitium militare, without specification of the particular service; special, when the particular service was designated. When the tenant held only of the king, the tenure was regal; when he held of a common person, it was called common. This service was also grand sergeantry, as when the tenant was bound to perform service to the king in his own person; and petit sergeantry, when he was bound to yield to the king annually some small thing, as a sword or dagger. chivalry that might be held of a common person, was called escuage, scutagium, or shield service.

Court of chivalry a court formerly held before the Lord High Constable and Earl Marshal of England, having cognizance of contracts and other matters relating to deeds of arms and war. It had jurisdiction both of civil and criminal causes, but no power to enforce its decisions by fine or imprisonment, not being a court of record. It is now nearly extinct.

CHIVE, noun A SPECIES OF SMALL ONION.

CHIVES, noun plural In botany, slender threads or filaments in the blossoms of plants. [See Stamen.]

CHLDLESS, adjective Destitute of children or offspring. 1 Samuel 15:33.

CHLORATE, noun [See chlorine.] A compound of chloric acid with a salifiable base.

CHLORIC, adjective Pertaining to chlorine, or obtained from it; as chloric acid.

CHLORID, noun [See Chlorine.] A compound of chlorine with a combustible body.

CHLORIDE,

CHLORIDIC, adjective Pertaining to a chloride

CHLORIDIC, a. Pertaining to a chloride.

CHLORIN, noun Chloric gas; a new name given to what has been called oxymuriatic gas. This substance has hitherto resisted all efforts to decompose it, and as it is not known to contain oxygen, and is apparently a simple substance, it has been denominated from its color, chlorine, or chloric gas.

CHLORINE,

CHLORIODIC, adjective Consisting of chlorine and iodine, or obtained from them.

CHLORIODIC, a. Consisting of chlorine and iodine, or obtained from them.

CHLORIS, noun The green finch, a small bird.

CHLORITE, noun A mineral of a grass green color, opake, usually friable or easily pulverized, composed of little spangles, scales, prisms or shining small grains. It is classed by Kirwan with the muriatic genus. There are four subspecies, chlorite earth, common chlorite chlorite slate, and foliated chlorite

CHLOROPAL, noun A newly observed mineral, of two varieties, the conchoidal and the earthy; the conchoidal is of a pistachio green color; the other has an earthy fracture, and both varieties are possessed of magnetic properties.

CHLOROPHANE, noun A variety of fluor spar, from Siberia. When placed on a heated iron, it gives a beautiful emerald green light.

CHLOROPHEITE, noun A rare mineral found in small nodules.

CHLOROPHYL, noun The green matter of the leaves of vegetables.

CHLOROSIS, noun The green sickness; a disease of females, characterized by a pale or greenish hue of the skin, weakness, palpitation, dyspepsy, etc.

CHLOROTIC, adjective

1. Pertaining to chlorosis; as, chlorotic affections. Medical Repository.

2. Affected by chlorosis; as, chlorotic nuns.

CHLOROUS, adjective Pertaining to chlorine; as chlorous oxyd.

CHOAK, [See Choke.]

CHOCK, noun In marine language, a kind of wedge for confining a cask or other body, to prevent it from moving.

CHOCKs of the rudder, are pieces of timber kept in readiness to stop the motion of the rudder, in case of an accident, etc.

CHOCK, an encounter. [See Shock.]

CHOCOLATE, noun

1. A paste or cake composed of the kernel of cacao, with other ingredients, usually a little sugar, cinnamon or vanilla. The nut is first ground fine, mixed with the ingredients, and put in a mold.

2. The liquor made by dissolving chocolate in boiling water.

CHODE, the old preterit of chide, which see.

CHOICE, noun

1. The act of choosing; the voluntary act of selecting or separating from two or more things that which is preferred; or the determination of the mind in preferring one thing to another; election.

Ye know how that a good while ago God made choice among us, that the Gentiles by my moth should hear the word of the gospel, and believe. Acts 15:7.

2. The power of choosing; option.

Where there is force, there can be no choice

Of these alternatives we have our own choice

3. Care in selecting; judgment or skill in distinguishing what is to be preferred, and in giving a preference.

I imagine Cesars apothems were collected with judgment and choice

4. The thing chosen; that which is approved and selected in preference to others; selection.

Nor let thy conquests only be her choice

5. The best part of any thing; that which is preferable, and properly the object of choice

In the choice of our sepulchers bury thy dead. Genesis 23:6.

6. The act of electing to office by vote; election.

To make choice of, to choose; to select; to separate and take in preference.

CHOICE, adjective

1. Worthy of being preferred; select; precious; very valuable.

My choicest hours of life are lost.

My revenue is better than choice silver. Proverbs 8:10.

2. Holding dear; preserving or using with care, as valuable; frugal; as, to be choice of time or of advantages.

3. Selecting with care, and due attention to preference; as, to be choice of ones company.

CHOICELESS, adjective Not having the power of choosing; not free.

CHOICELY, adverb

1. With care in choosing; with nice regard to preference; with exact choice; as a band of men choicely collected.

2. Valuably; excellently; preferably; curiously.

3. With great care; carefully; as a thing choicely preserved.

CHOICENESS, noun Valuableness; particular value or worth; as the choiceness of a plant or of wine.

CHOIR, noun

1. A collection of singers, especially in divine service, in a church.

2. Any collection of singers.

3. That part of a church appropriated for the singers, separated from the chancel and the nave. In congregational and some other churches, the singers are placed in certain seats in the galleries.

4. In nunneries, a large hall adjoining to the body of the church, separated by a grate, where the nuns sing the office.

CHOKE, verb transitive

1. To stop the passage of the breath, by filling the windpipe or compressing the neck. The word is used to express a temporary or partial stoppage, as to choke with dirt or smoke; or an entire stoppage that causes death; to suffocate; to strangle. Mark 5:13.

2. To stop by filling; to obstruct; to block up; as, to choke the entrance of a harbor, or any passage.

3. To hinder by obstruction or impediments; to hinder or check growth, expansion, or progress; as, to choke plants; to choke the spreading of the fruit.

Thorns choke them. Matthew 13:22. Luke 8:7.

4. To smother or suffocate, as fire.

5. To suppress or stifle; as, to choke the strong conception.

6. To offend; to cause to take an exception; as, I was choked at this word.

We observe that this word generally implies crowding, stuffing or covering. A channel is choked by stones and sand, but not by a boom.

CHOKE, verb intransitive

1. To have the wind-pipe stopped; as, cattle are apt to choke when eating potatoes.

2. To be offended; to take exceptions.

CHOKE, noun The filamentous or capillary part of the artichoke.

CHOKED, participle passive Suffocated; strangled; obstructed by filling; stifled; suppressed; smothered.

CHOKER, noun One that chokes another; one that puts another to silence; that which cannot be answered.

CHOKY, adjective That tends to suffocate, or has power to suffocate.

CHOLAGOGUE, noun A medicine that has the specific quality of evacuating the bile.

CHOLER, noun

1. The bile. By the superabundance of this fluid, anger was formerly supposed to be produced; or perhaps the opinion was that the bile caused the inflamed appearance of the face in anger. Hence,

2. Anger; wrath; irritation of the passions.

Cholera Morbus, a sudden evacuation of bile, both upwards and downwards.

First occurrence in the Bible(KJV): Daniel 8:7

CHOLERIC, adjective

1. Abounding with choler.

2. Easily irritated; irascible; inclined to anger; as a choleric man.

3. Angry; indicating anger; excited by anger; as a choleric speech.

CHOLERICNESS, noun Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as cholesteric acid.

CHOLESTERIN, noun A name given by M. Chevreul, to the pearly or crystaline substance of human biliary calculi.

CHOLESTERINE,

CHOLIAMBIC, noun A verse in poetry having an iambic foot in the fifth place, and a spondee in the sixth or last.

CHOMER, noun A Hebrew measure containing the tenth part of an epha, or about six pints.

CHONDRODITE, noun A mineral, called also Brucite. It occurs in grains or imperfect crystals, or in four-sided prisms with rhombic bases, truncated on the two acute lateral edges. It is translucent; and its color varies from reddish or amber yellow to grayish brown.

CHOOSE, verb transitive

1. To pick out; to select; to take by way of preference from two or more things offered; to make choice of.

The man the Lord doth choose shall be holy. Numbers 16:7.

2. To take in preference.

Let us choose to us judgment. Job 34:4.

3. To prefer; to choose for imitation; to follow.

Envy not the oppressor, and choose none of his ways. Proverbs 3:31.

4. To elect for eternal happiness; to predestinate to life.

Many are called but few chosen. Matthew 20:1.

For his elects sake, whom he hath chosen. Mark 13:1.

5. To elect or designate to office or employment by votes or suffrages. In the United States, the people choose representatives by votes, usually by ballot.

CHOOSE, verb intransitive

1. To prefer; as, I choose to go.

2. To have the power of choice. The phrase, he cannot choose but stay, denotes that he has not the power of choice, whether to stay or not.

The verb, in these phrases, is really transitive; the following verb standing as the object, instead of a noun.

CHOOSER, noun He that chooses he that has the power or right of choosing; an elector.

CHOOSING, participle present tense Selecting; taking in preference; electing.

CHOOSING, noun Choice; election.

CHOP, verb transitive

1. To cut off or separate, by striking with a sharp instrument, either by a single blow or by repeated blows; as, to chop off a head; to chop wood.

2. To cut into small pieces; to mince; as, to chop meat; to chop straw.

3. To grand and mince with the teeth; to devour eagerly; with up; as, to chop up an entertainment.

4. To break or open into chinks or fissures; to crack; to chap. [See Chap.]

CHOP, verb intransitive

1. To buy, or rather to barter, truck, exchange.

2. To exchange; to put one thing in the place of another; as, to chop and change our friends.

3. To bandy; to altercate; to return one word or thing for another.

Let not the council chop with the judge.

CHOP, verb intransitive To turn, vary, change or shift suddenly; as in the seamans phrase, the wind chops, or chops about. [The various senses of this verb seem to center in that of thrusting, driving, or a sudden motion or exertion of force.]

CHOP, noun

1. A piece chopped off; a small piece of meat; as a mutton chop

2. A crack or cleft. See Chap, which, with the broad sound of a, is often pronounced chap.

3. The chap; the jaw; plural The jaws; the mouth; the sides of a rivers mouth or channel. [See Chap.]

CHOPIN, noun A liquid measure in France, containing nearly a pint Winchester measure. In Scotland, a quart of wine measure.

CHOPPED, participle passive Cut; minced.

CHOPPING, participle present tense Cutting; mincing; buying; bartering.

CHOPPING, adjective Stout; lusty; plump.

CHOPPING, noun

1. A high-heeled shoe, worn by ladies in Italy. [See Chioppine.]

2. A cutting; a mincing; from chop.

CHOPPY, adjective Full of clefts or cracks.

CHOPS, [See Chop.]

CHORAL, adjective

1. Belonging to or composing a choir or concert; as, choral symphonies.

2. Singing in a choir; as, choral seraphs.

CHORALLY, adverb In the manner of a chorus.

CHORD, noun

1. The string of a musical instrument.

2. In music, the union of two or more sounds uttered at the same time, forming an entire harmony; as a third, fifth and eighth, which are perfect chords, or consonancies. The fourth and sixth are imperfect chords.

3. In geometry, a right line drawn or supposed to extend from one end of an arch of a circle to the other. Hence the chord of an arch is a right line joining the extremities of that arch.

CHORD, verb transitive To string.

CHORDEE, noun [See Chord.] In medicine and surgery, an inflammatory or spasmodic contraction of the fraenum, attending gonorrhea and accompanied with pain.

CHORE, noun In America, this word denotes small work of a domestic kind, as distinguished from the principal work of the day. It is generally used in the plural, chores, which includes the daily or occasional business of feeding cattle and other animals, preparing fuel, sweeping the house, cleaning furniture, etc. [See Char.]

CHOREUS, noun In ancient poetry, a foot of two syllables, the first long and the second short; the trochee.

CHORIAMB,

CHORIAMBIC, noun A choriamb

CHORIAMBIC, adjective Pertaining to a choriamb

CHORIAMBUS, noun In ancient poetry, a foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first and last are long, and the others short; that is, a choreus or trochee and an iambus united; as, nobilitas, anxietas.

CHORION, noun In anatomy, the exterior membrane which invests the fetus in utero.

CHORIST, noun A singing man in a choir.

CHORISTER, noun

1. Literally, a singer; one of a choir; a singer in a concert.

2. One who leads a choir in church music. This is the sense in the United States.

CHOROGRAPHER, noun [See Chorography.] A person who describes a particular region or country; or one who forms a map or maps of particular regions or countries.

CHOROGRAPHICAL, adjective Pertaining to chorography; descriptive of particular regions or countries; laying down or marking the bounds of particular countries.

CHOROGRAPHICALLY, adverb In a chorographical manner; in a manner descriptive of particular regions.

CHOROGRAPHY, noun The art or practice of making a map of a particular region, country, or province; or of marking its limits, bounds or position. chorography differs from geography, as the description of a particular country differs from that of the whole earth; and from topography, as the description of a country differs from that of a town, city or district.

CHOROID, noun In anatomy, a term applied to several parts of the body that resemble the chorion; as the inner membrane investing the brain, or the pia mater; the second coat of the eye; the fold of the carotid artery in the brain, in which is the pineal gland.

CHORUS, noun

1. A number of singers; a company of persons singing in concert.

2. The persons who are supposed to behold what passes in the acts of a tragedy, and sing their sentiments between the acts.

3. The song between the acts of a tragedy.

4. Verses of a song in which the company join the singer; or the union of a company with a singer, in repeating certain couplets or verses, at certain periods in a song.

5. A musical composition of two or more parts.

6. Among the Greeks, a chorus consisted of a number of singers and dancers.

CHOSE, noun In law, property in action; a right to possession; or that which may be demanded and recovered by suit or action at law. Thus, money due on a bond or note is a chose in action; a recompense for damage done is a chose in action; the former proceeding from an express, the latter from an implied contract. A contract executed is a chose in possession; a contract executory conveys only a chose in action. A chose local is annexed to a place, as a mill or the like; a chose transitory is a thing which is movable.

CHOSE, s as z, preterit tense and p. of choose.

CHOSEN, participle passive

1. Selected from a number; picked out; taken in preference; elected; predestinated; designated to office.

2. Select; distinguished by preference; eminent.

His chosen captains are drowned in the sea. Exodus 15:4.

Ye are a chosen generation, a royal priesthood. 1 Peter 2:4.

CHOUGH, noun The Cornish chough is a fowl of the genus Corvus, nearly of the size of the crow, and mischievous, like the magpie. It is black, except the bill, legs and feet, which are red. It is a native of the west of England.

Couch is also applied to the jackdaw.

CHOULE. [See Jowl.]

CHOUSE, verb transitive To cheat, trick, defraud; followed by of, in Hudibras; but in America, by out of; as, to chouse one out of his money.

CHOUSE, noun One who is easily cheated; a tool; a simpleton.

A trick; sham; imposition.

CHOUSED, participle passive Cheated; defrauded; imposed on.

CHOUSING, participle present tense Cheating; imposing on.

CHOWDER, noun In New England, a dish of fish boiled with biscuit, etc. In Spanish, chode is a paste made of mild, eggs, sugar and flour. In the west of England, chowder-beer is a liquor made by boiling black spruce in water and mixing with it melasses.

CHOWDER, verb transitive To make a chowder

CHOWTER, verb transitive To grumble like a frog or a froward child.

CHRISM, noun Unguent; unction. In the Romish and Greek churches, oil consecrated by the bishop, and used in the administration of baptism, confirmation, ordination, and extreme unction. It is prepared on holy Thursday with much ceremony, and in some cases, mixed with balsam.

CHRISMAL, adjective Pertaining to chrism.

CHRISMATION, noun The act of applying the chrism, or consecrated oil; in baptism, by the priest; in confirmation, by the bishop. In ordination, it is usually styled unction.

CHRISMATORY, noun A vessel to hold the oil for chrism.

CHRISOM, noun [See Chrism.] a child that dies within a month after its birth; so called from the chrisom-cloth, a linen cloth anointed with holy oil, which was formerly laid over a childs face when it was baptized. Also, the cloth itself.

CHRIST, noun THE ANOINTED; an appellation given to the Savior of the World, and synonymous with the Hebrew Messiah. It was a custom of antiquity to consecrate persons to the sacerdotal and regal offices by anointing them with oil.

CHRISTANIZE, verb transitive To make Christian; to convert to Christianity; as, to Christianize pagans.

CHRISTEN, verb transitive

1. To baptize, or rather to baptize and name; to initiate into the visible church of Christ by the application of water; applied to persons. And as a name is given to the person in the ceremony, hence,

2. To name; to denominate; applied to things.

CHRISTENDOM, noun

1. The territories, countries or regions inhabited by Christians, or those who profess to believe in the Christian religion.

2. The whole body of Christians.

3. Christianity; the Christian religion; as, while christendom prevailed.

CHRISTENED, participle passive Baptized and named; initiated into Christianity.

CHRISTENING, participle present tense The act or ceremony of baptizing and naming; initiation into the Christian religion.

CHRISTIAN, noun

1. A believer in the religion of Christ.

2. A professor of his belief in the religion of Christ.

3. A real disciple of Christ; one who believes in the truth of the christian religion, and studies to follow the example, and obey the precepts, of Christ; a believer in Christ who is characterized by real piety.

4. In a general sense, the word Christians includes all who are born in a christian country or of christian parents.

CHRISTIAN, adjective [See the Noun.]

1. Pertaining to Christ, taught by him, or received from him; as the christian religion; christian doctrines.

2. Professing the religion of Christ; as a christian friend.

3. Belonging to the religion of Christ; relating to Christ, or to his doctrines, precepts and example; as christian profession and practice.

4. Pertaining to the church; ecclesiastical; as courts christian

CHRISTIAN, verb transitive To baptize.

CHRISTIANISM, noun

1. The Christian religion.

2. The nations professing Christianity.

CHRISTIANITE, noun A newly discovered Vesuvian mineral; its primitive form is that of an oblique rectangular prism; its colors brown, yellow or reddish.

CHRISTIANLIKE, adjective Becoming a Christian.

CHRISTIANLY, adverb In a Christian manner; in a manner becoming the principles of the Christian religion, or the profession of that religion.

CHRISTIANOGRAPHY, noun A description of Christian nations.

CHRISTMAS, noun

1. The festival of the Christian church observed annually on the 25th day of December, in memory of the birth of Christ, and celebrated by a particular church service. The festival includes twelve days

2. Christmas-day.

CHROASTACES, noun In natural history, a genus of pellucid gems, comprehending all those of variable colors, as viewed in different lights.

CHROMATE, noun [See chrome.] A salt or compound formed by the chromic acid with a base.

CHROMATIC, adjective

1. Relating to color.

2. Noting a particular species of music, which proceeds by several semitones in succession.

CHROMATICALLY, adverb In the chromatic manner.

CHROMATICS, noun The science of colors; that part of optics which treats of the properties of the colors of light and of natural bodies.

CHROME, noun A metal consisting of a porous mass of agglutinated grains, very hard, brittle, and of a grayish white color. Its texture is radiated. In its highest degree of oxydation, it passes into the state of an acid, of a ruby red color. It takes its name from the various and beautiful colors which its oxyd and acid communicate to minerals into whose composition they enter. chrome is employed to give a fine deep green to the enamel of porcelain, to glass, etc.

The oxyd of chrome is of a bright grass green or pale yellow color.

CHROMIC, adjective Pertaining to chrome, or obtained from it; as chromic acid.

CHROMIC yellow, the artificial chromate of lead, a beautiful pigment.

CHRONIC,

CHRONICAL, adjective Continuing a long time, as a disease. A chronic disease is one which is inveterate or of long continuance, in distinction from an acute disease, which speedily terminates.

CHRONICAL, a. Continuing a long time, as a disease. A chronic disease is one which is inveterate or of long continuance, in distinction from an acute disease, which speedily terminates.

CHRONICLE, noun [See Chronic.]

1. A historical account of facts or events disposed in the order of time. It is nearly synonymous with annals. In general, this species of writing is more strictly confined to chronological order, and is less diffuse than the form of writing called history.

2. In a more general sense, a history.

3. That which contains history.

Europe - her very ruins tell the history of times gone by, and every moldering stone is a chronicle

4. Chronicles, plural Two books of the Old Testament.

CHRONICLE, verb transitive To record in history, or chronicle; to record; to register.

CHRONICLER, noun A writer of a chronicle; a recorder of events in the order of time; a historian.

CHRONIQUE, noun A chronicle.

CHRONOGRAM, noun An inscription in which a certain date or epoch is expressed by numeral letters; as in the motto of a medal struck by Gustavus Adolphus in 1632.

ChrIstVs DVX; ergo trIVMphVs.

CHRONOGRAMMATIC,

CHRONOGRAMMATICAL, adjective Belonging to a chronogram, or containing one.

CHRONOGRAMMATICAL, a. Belonging to a chronogram, or containing one.

CHRONOGRAMMATIST, noun A writer of chronograms.

CHRONOGRAPHER, noun One who writes concerning time or the events of time; a chronologer.

CHRONOGRAPHY, noun The description of time past.

CHRONOLOGER,

CHRONOLOGIC,

CHRONOLOGICAL, adjective Relating to chronology; containing an account of events in the order of time; according to the order of time.

CHRONOLOGIC,

CHRONOLOGICAL, a. Relating to chronology; containing an account of events in the order of time; according to the order of time.

CHRONOLOGICALLY, adverb In a chronological manner; in a manner according with the order of time, the series of events, or rules of chronology.

CHRONOLOGIST, noun [See Chronology.]

1. A person who attempts to discover the true dates of past events and transactions, and to arrange them under their proper years, or divisions of time, in the order in which they happened.

2. One who studies chronology, or is versed in the science.

CHRONOLOGY, noun The science of time; the method of measuring, or computing time by regular divisions or periods, according to the revolutions of the sun, or moon; of ascertaining the true periods or years when past events or transactions took place; and arranging them in their proper order according to their dates.

If history without chronology is dark and confused; chronology without history is dry and insipid.

CHRONOMETER, noun Any instrument that measures time or that divides time into equal portions, or that is used for that purpose, as a clock, watch or dial; particularly an instrument that measures time with great exactness.

CHRYSALID, noun [See Chrysalis.]

CHRYSALIS, noun The particular form which butterflies, moths, and some other insects assume, before they arrive at their winged or perfect state. It is called also aurelia, from aurum, gold. In this form, the animal is in a state of rest or insensibility; having no organs for taking nourishment, nor wings, nor legs. The external covering is cartilaginous, and usually smooth and glossy; sometimes hairy. The name is taken from the yellow color of certain species; but they are of different colors, as green, black, etc.

CHRYSOBERYL, noun A siliceous gem, of a dilute yellowish green color.

CHRYSOBERYL, the cymophane of Hauy, is a mineral usually found in round pieces, about the size of a pea; but it is also found crystalized in eight-sided prisms. It is next to the sapphire in hardness, and employed in jewelry.

CHRYSOCOLLA, noun Carbonate of copper, of two subspecies, the blue and the green; formerly called blue and green chrysocolla also mountain blue and mountain green. It occurs in crystals, stalactites and other forms.

CHRYSOLITE, noun A mineral, called by Hauy and Brongniart, peridote and by Jameson, prismatic chrysolite Its prevailing color is some shade of green. It is harder than glass, but less hard than quartz; often transparent, sometimes only translucent. It occurs sometimes in crystals, sometimes in small amorphous masses or grains, and sometimes in rolled pieces.

CHRYSOPRASE, noun A mineral, a subspecies of quartz. Its color is commonly apple green, and often extremely beautiful. It is translucent, or sometimes semi-transparent; its fracture even and dull, sometimes a little splintery, sometimes smooth and slightly conchoidal; its harness a little inferior to that of flint.

CHUB, noun A river fish, called also cheven, of the genus Cyprinus. The body is oblong, nearly round; the head and back, green; the sides silvery, and the belly white. It frequents deep holes in rivers shaded by trees; but in warm weather floats near the surface, and furnishes sport for anglers. It is indifferent food.

CHUBBED,

CHUBBY, adjective Like a chub; short and thick.

CHUBBY, a. Like a chub; short and thick.

CHUCK, verb intransitive To make the noise of a hen or partridge, when she calls her chickens.

CHUCK, verb transitive To call, as a hen her chickens.

CHUCK, verb intransitive To jeer; to laugh. [See Chuckle.]

CHUCK, verb transitive

1. To strike, or give a gentle blow; as, to chuck one under the chin.

2. To throw, with quick motion, a short distance; to pitch.

CHUCK, noun

1. The voice or call of a hen.

2. A sudden small noise.

3. A word of endearment, corrupted from chick, chicken.

CHUCKLE, verb transitive

1. To call, as a hen her chickens.

2. To fondle; to cocker.

CHUCKLE, verb intransitive To laugh heartily, or convulsively; to shake with laughter, or to burst into fits of laughter.

CHUD, verb transitive To champ; to bite.

CHUET, noun Forced meat.

CHUFF, noun A clown; a coarse, heavy, dull or surly fellow.

CHUFFILY, adverb In a rough, surly manner; clownishly.

CHUFFINESS, noun Surliness.

CHUFFY, adjective Blunt; clownish; surly; angry; stomachful. In New England, this word expresses that displeasure which causes a swelling or surly look and grumbling, rather than heat and violent expressions of anger.

CHUK, noun A word used in calling swine. It is the original name of that animal, which our ancestors brought with them from Persia, where it is still in use, Pers. chuk Zend, chuk a hog; Sans. Sugara. Our ancestors, while in England, adopted the Welsh hwc, hog, but chuck is retained in our popular name of woodchuck, that is, wood hog. This is a remarkable proof of the original seat of the Teutonic nations. I have taken chuk from Adelung. The French cochon may be the same word.

CHUM, noun A chamber-fellow; one who lodges or resides in the same room; a word used in colleges.

CHUMP, noun A short, thick, heavy piece of wood, less than a block.

CHUNK, noun A short thick piece of wood. [Colloquial.]

CHURCH, noun

1. A house consecrated to the worship of God, among Christians; the Lords house. This seems to be the original meaning of the word. The Greek, to call out or call together, denotes an assembly or collection. But, Lord, a term applied by the early Christians to Jesus Christ; and the house in which they worshipped was named from the title. So church goods, bona ecclesiastica; the Lords day, dies dominica.

2. The collective body of Christians, or of those who profess to believe in Christ, and acknowledge him to be the Savior of mankind. In this sense, the church is sometimes called the Catholic or Universal church

3. A particular number of Christians, united under one form of ecclesiastical government, in one creed, and using the same ritual and ceremonies; as the English church; the Gallican church; the Presbyterian church; the Romish church; the Greek church

4. The followers of Christ in a particular city or province; as the church of Ephesus, or of Antioch.

5. The disciples of Christ assembled for worship in a particular place, as in a private house. Colossians 4:15.

6. The worshipers of Jehovah or the true God, before the advent of Christ; as the Jewish church

7. The body of clergy, or ecclesiastics, in distinction from the laity. Hence, ecclesiastical authority.

8. An assembly of sacred rulers convened in Christs name to execute his laws.

9. The collective body of Christians, who have made a public profession of the Christian religion, and who are untied under the same pastor; in distinction from those who belong to the same parish, or ecclesiastical society, but have made no profession of their faith.

CHURCH, verb transitive To perform with any one the office of returning thanks in the church after any signal deliverance, as from the dangers of childbirth.

CHURCHDOM, noun The government or authority of the church.

CHURCHING, noun The act of offering thanks in church after childbirth.

CHURCHLIKE, adjective Becoming the church.

CHURCHMAN, noun

1. An ecclesiastic or clergyman; one who ministers in sacred things.

2. An episcopalian, as distinguished from a presbyterian or congregationalist, etc.

CHURCHSHIP, noun Institution of the church.

CHURL, noun

1. A rude, surly, ill-bred man.

2. A rustic; a countryman, or laborer.

3. A miser; a niggard. Isaiah 32:5.

CHURLISH, adjective

1. Rude; surly; austere; sullen; rough in temper; unfeeling; uncivil.

2. Selfish; narrow-minded; avaricious.

3. [Of things.] Unpliant; unyielding; cross-grained; harsh; unmanageable; as churlish metal.

4. Hard; firm; as a churlish knot.

5. Obstinate; as a churlish war.

CHURLISHLY, adverb Rudely; roughly; in a churlish manner.

CHURLISHNESS, noun Rudeness of manners or temper, but generally the word refers to the temper or disposition of mind; sullenness; austerity; indisposition to kindness or courtesy.

CHURLY, adjective Rude; boisterous.

CHURME, or, CHIRM, noun Noise; clamor, or confused noise.

CHURN, noun A vessel in which cream or milk is agitated for separating the oily part from the caseous and serous parts, to make butter.

CHURN, verb transitive

1. To stir or agitate cream for making butter.

2. To shake or agitate with violence or continued motion, as in the operation of making butter.

CHURNED, participle passive Agitated; made into butter.

CHURNING, participle present tense Agitating to make butter; shaking; stirring.

CHURNING, noun

1. The operation of making butter from cream by agitation; a shaking or stirring.

2. As much butter as is made at one operation.

CHURNWORM, noun An insect that turns about nimbly, called also a fancricket.

CHUSE, [See Choose.]

CHUSITE, noun A yellowish mineral found by Saussure in the cavities of porphyries in the environs of Limbourg.

CHYLACEOUS, adjective [See Chyle.] Belonging to chyle; consisting of chyle.

CHYLE, noun In animal bodies, a white or milky fluid separated from aliments by means of digestion. It is absorbed by the lacteal vessels, by which it is conveyed into the circulation, assimilated into blood, and converted into nutriment.

CHYLIFACTION, noun The act or process by which chyle is formed from food in animal bodies.

CHYLIFACTIVE, adjective Forming or changing into chyle; having the power to make chyle.

CHYLIFEROUS, adjective [Latin] Transmitting chyle.

CHYLOPOETIC, adverb Chylifactive; having the power to change into chyle; making chyle.

CHYLOUS, adjective Consisting of chyle, or partaking of it.

CHYME, noun That particular modification which food assumes after it has undergone the action of the stomach.

Among the older authors, juice; chyle, or the finest part of the chyle contained in the lacteals and thoracic duct; any humor incrassated by concoction, whether fit or unfit for preserving and nourishing the body.

CHYMIC, CHYMIST, CHYMISTRY. [See chimical, Chimist, Chimistry.]

CHYMIFICATION, noun The process of becoming or of forming chyme.

CHYMIFIED, participle passive Formed into chyme.

CHYMIFY, verb transitive To form into chyme.

CHYMIC, CHYMIST, CHYMISTRY. [See chimical, Chimist, Chimistry.]

CHYMIC, CHYMIST, CHYMISTRY [See chimical, Chimist, Chimistry.]