BO'A, noun A genus of serpents, of the class Amphibia, the characters of which are, the belly and tail are furnished with scuta. It includes the largest species of serpent, the constrictor, sometimes 30 or 40 feet long.

BOAR, noun [Latin aper, and verres.] The male of swine not castrated.

BOARD, noun

1. A piece of timber sawed thin and of considerable length and breadth, compared with the thickness, used for building and other purposes.

2. A table. The table of our rude ancestors was a piece of board perhaps originally laid upon the knees. 'Lauti cibum capiunt; separata singulis sedes, et sua cuique mensa.'

3. Entertainment; food; diet; as, the price of board is two, five, or seven dollars a week.

4. A table at which a council or court is held; hence a council, convened for business, or any authorized assembly or meeting; as a board of directors.

5. The desk of a ship; the interior part of a ship or boat; used in the phrase, on board aboard. In this phrase however the sense is primarily the side of the ship. To go aboard is to go over the side.

6. The side of a ship.

Now board to board the rival vessels row.

To fall over board that is, over the side; the mast went by the board

BOARD and board side by side.

7. The line over which a ship runs between tack and tack. To make a good board is to sail in a straight line, when close hauled.

To make short boards, is to tack frequently.

8. A table for artificers to sit or work on.

9. A table or frame for a game; as a chess board etc.

10. A body of men constituting a quorum in session; a court, or council; as a board of trustees; a board of officers.

BOARD, verb transitive To lay or spread with boards; to cover with boards.

1. To enter a ship by force in combat, which answers to storming a city or fort on land.

2. To attack; to make the first attempt upon a man. In Spenser, to accost.

3. To place at board for a compensation, as a lodger.

4. To furnish with food, or food and lodging, for a compensation; as, a man boards ten students.

BOARD, verb intransitive To receive food or diet as a lodger or without lodgings, for a compensation; as, he boards at the moderate price of two dollars a week.

BOARDABLE, adjective That may be boarded, as a ship.

BOARDED, participle passive Covered with boards; entered by armed men, as a ship; furnished with food for a compensation.

BOARDER, noun One who has food or diet and lodging in another's family for a reward.

1. One who boards a ship in action; one who is selected to board ships.

BOARDING, participle present tense Covering with boards; entering a ship by force; furnishing or receiving board, as a lodger, for a reward.

BOARISH, adjective [from boar.] Swinish; brutal; cruel.

BOAST, verb intransitive [Gr. to inflate; Latin fastus.]

1. To brag, or vaunt one's self; to make an ostentatious display, in speech, of one's own worth, property, or actions.

2. To glory; to speak with laudable pride and ostentation of meritorious persons or things.

I boast of you to them of Macedonia. St. Paul. 2. Cor.9.

Usually, it is followed by of; sometimes by in.

3. To exalt one's self.

With your mouth you have boasted against me. Ezek.

BOAST, verb transitive To display in ostentatious language; to speak of with pride, vanity or exultation, with a view to self-commendation.

Lest men should boast their specious deeds.

1. Magnify or exalt.

They boast themselves in the multitude of their riches. Psalms 49:6.

2. To exult in confident expectation.

BOAST not thyself of tomorrow. Proverbs 27:1.

BOAST, noun Expression of ostentation, pride or vanity; a vaunting.

Thou makest thy boast of the law. Romans 2:17

1. The cause of boasting; occasion of pride, vanity, or laudable exultation.

Trial by peers is the boast of the British nation.

BOASTER, noun One who boasts, glories or vaunts ostentatiously.

BOASTFUL, adjective Given to boasting; ostentatious of personal worth or actions.

BOASTING, participle present tense Talking ostentatiously; glorying; vaunting.

BOASTING, noun Ostentatious display of personal worth, or actions; a glorying or vaunting.

Where is boasting then? Romans 3:27.

BOASTINGLY, adverb In an ostentatious manner; with boasting.

BOASTIVE, adjective Presumptuous. [Unusual.]

BOASTLESS, adjective Without ostentation.

BOAT, noun

1. A small open vessel, or water craft, usually moved by oars, or rowing. The forms, dimensions and uses of boats are very various, and some of them carry a light sail. The different kinds of boats have different names, as, long-boat, lanch, barge, pinnace, jolly-boat, cutter, yawl, ferry-boat, wherry, Moses-boat, punt, felucca, fishing-boat, perogue, etc.

2. A small vessel carrying a mast and sails; but usually described by another word, as a packet-boat, passage-boat, advice-boat. etc.

BOAT, verb transitive To transport in a boat; as, to boat goods across a lake.

BOATABLE, adjective Navigable for boats, or small river craft.

BOATING, participle present tense Transporting in boats.

BOATING, noun The act of practice of transporting in boats.

1. In Persia, a punishment of capital offenders by laying them on the back in a boat which is covered, where they perish.

BOA'TION, noun [Latin boo.] A crying out; a roar. [Not used.]

BOATMAN

BOATSMAN, noun [boat and man.] A man who manages a boat; a rower of a boat.

BOATSMAN, n. [boat and man.] A man who manages a boat; a rower of a boat.

BOATSWAIN, noun In seamen's language, bosn.

An officer on board of ships, who has charge of the boats, sails, rigging, colors, anchors, cables and cordage. His office is also, to summon the crew to their duty. to relieve the watch, assist in the necessary business of the ship, seize and punish offenders, etc. He has a mate who has charge of the long-boat, for setting forth and weighing anchors, warping, towing and mooring.

BOB, noun Any little round thing, that plays loosely at the end of a string, cord, or movable machine; a little ornament or pendant that hangs so as to play loosely.

Our common people apply the word to a knot of worms, on a string, used in fishing for eels.

1. The words repeated at the end of a stanza.

2. A blow; a shake or jog; a jeer or flout.

3. The ball of a short pendulum.

4. A mode of ringing.

5. A bob-wig.

BOB, verb intransitive To play backward and forward; to play loosely against any thing.

1. To angle, or fish for eels, or to catch eels with a bob

BOBANCE, noun bobans'. A boasting. [Not in use.]

BOB'BED, participle passive Beat of shaken; cheated; gained by fraud; deluded.

BOB'BIN, noun A small pin or cylindrical piece of wood, with a head, on which thread is wound for making lace. A similar instrument, bored through to receive an iron pivot, and with a border at each end, is used in spinning, to wind thread or silk on; a spool.

BOB'BING, participle present tense Playing back and forth; striking; cheating; angling for eels.

BOB'BINWORK, noun [bobbin and work.] Work woven with bobbins.

BOB'-CHERRY, noun [bob and cherry.] Among children, a play in which a cherry is hung so as to bob against the mouth.

BO'BO, noun A Mexican fish, two feet long, in high esteem for food.

BOB'STAYS, noun [bob and stay.] Ropes to confine the bowsprit of a ship downward to the stem.

BOB'TAIL, noun [bob and tail.] A short tail, or a tail cut short.

1. The rabble; used in contempt.

BOCAQUE or BOCAKE, noun An animal found on the banks of the Nieper, resembling a rabbit, except that its ears are shorter, and it has no tail.

BOC'ASINE, noun A sort of fine linen or buckram.

BOCE, noun The sparus, a beautiful fish.

BOCK'ELET

BOCK'ERET, noun A kind of long-winged hawk.

BOCK'ERET, n. A kind of long-winged hawk.

BOCK'LAND, noun [book and land.] In old English laws, charter land, held by deed under certain rents and free-services, which differed nothing from free socage lands. This species of tenure has given rise to the modern freeholds.

BODE, verb transitive To portend; to foreshow; to presage; to indicate something future by signs; to be the omen of; most generally applied to things; as, our vices bode evil to the country.

BODE, verb intransitive To foreshow; to presage.

This bodes well to you.

BODE, noun An omen.

1. A stop.

BO'DEMENT, noun An omen; portent; prognostic; a fore-showing.

BODGE, verb intransitive [See Boggle.] To boggle; to stop. [Not used.]

BODGE, noun A botch. [Not used.]

BOD'ICE, noun Stays; a waistcoat, quilted with whalebone; worn by women.

BOD'IED, adjective [from body.] Having a body.

BOD'ILESS, adjective [See Body.] Having no body or material form; incorporeal.

BOD'ILY, adjective Having or containing a body or material form; corporeal; as bodily dimensions.

1. Relating or pertaining to the body, in distinction from the mind; as bodily defects; bodily pain.

2. Real; actual; as bodily act.

BOD'ILY, adverb Corporeally; united with a body or matter.

It is his human nature, in which the Godhead dwells bodily

BO'DING, participle present tense [from bode.] Foreshowing; presaging.

BO'DING, noun An omen.

BOD'KIN, noun [Gr.a thorn.]

1. An instrument of steel; bone, ivory or the like, with a small blade, and a sharp point, for making holes by piercing. A like instrument with an eye, for drawing thread, tape, or ribin through a loop, etc. An instrument to dress the hair.

2. A dagger. [Not in use.]

BOD'LEIAN, adjective Pertaining to Sir Thomas Bodley, who founded a celebrated library in the 16th century.

BOD'Y, noun

1. The frame of an animal; the material substance of an animal, in distinction from the living principle of beasts, and the soul of man.

Be not anxious for your body

2. Matter, as opposed to spirit.

3. A person; a human being; sometimes alone; more generally, with some or no; as, somebody; nobody.

4. Reality, as opposed to representation.

A shadow of things to come, but the body is of Christ. Colossians 2:11

5. A collective mass; a number of individuals or particulars united; as the body of mankind. Christians united or the Church is called the body of which each Christian is a member, and Christ the head. 1 Corinthians 12:12.27.

6. The main army, in distinction from the wings, van or rear. Also, any number of forces under one commander.

7. A corporation; a number of men, united by a common tie, by one form of government, or by occupation; as the legislative body; the body of the clergy; body corporate; body politic.

8. The main part; the bulk; as the body of a tree; the body of a coach, of a ship, etc.

9. Any extended solid substance; matter; any substance or mass distinct from others; as a metaline body; a floating body; a moving body; a light body; a heavy body

10. A pandect; a general collection; a code; a system; as a body of laws; a body of divinity.

11. Strength; as wine of a good body

12. Among painters, colors bear a body when they are capable of being ground so fine, and of being mixed so entirely with oil, as to seem only a very thick oil of the same color.

13. The unrenewed part of man, or sensual affections.

But I keep under by body 1 Corinthians 9:27.

14. The extent; the limits.

Cause to come here on such a day, twelve free and lawful men--from the body of your county.

BOD'Y, verb transitive To produce in some form.

Imagination bodies forth the forms of things.

BOG, noun

1. A quagmire covered with grass or other plants. It is defined by marsh, and morass, but differs from a marsh, as a part from the whole. Wet grounds are bogs, which are the softest and too soft to bear a man; marshes or fens, which are less soft, but very wet; and swamps, which are soft spongy land, upon the surface, but sustain man and beast, and are often mowed.

2. A little elevated spot or clump of earth, in marshes and swamps, filled with roots and grass. [This is a common use of the word in New England.]

BOG, verb transitive To whelm or plunge, as in mud and mire.

BOG'-BEAN, noun [bog and bean; called buck-bean.]

Menyanthes, a plant, the marsh-trefoil, which grows in moist and marshy places.

BOG'-BERRY, noun [bog and berry.] Vaccinium, a name of the cranberry growing in low lands and marshy places.

BOG'GLE, verb intransitive

1. To doubt; to hesitate; to stop, as if afraid to proceed, or as if impeded by unforeseen difficulties; to play fast and loose. We boggle at every unusual appearance.

2. To dissemble.

BOG'GLE, verb transitive To embarrass with difficulties; a popular or vulgar use of the word in the United States.

BOG'GLED, participle passive Perplexed and impeded by sudden difficulties; embarrassed.

BOG'GLER, noun A doubter; a timorous man.

BOG'GLING, participle present tense Starting or stopping at difficulties; hesitating.

BOG'GLISH, adjective Doubtful. [Not used.]

BOG'GY, adjective [from bog.] Containing bogs; full of bogs.

BOG'HOUSE, noun [bog and house.] A house of office.

BOG'-LAND, adjective [bog and land.] Living in or pertaining to a marshy country.

BO'GLE, or BOG'GLE, noun A bugbear.

BOHE'A, noun A species of coarse or low priced tea from China; a species of black tea.

BOI'AR or BOY'AR, noun In the Russian Empire, a nobleman; a lord; a person of quality; a soldier. This word answers nearly to Baron in Great Britain, and other countries in the west of Europe.

BOI'ARIN, noun In Russia, a gentleman; a person of distinction; the master of a family.

BOIL, verb intransitive [Latin bullio, bulla, a bubble.]

1. To swell, heave, or be agitated by the action of heat; to bubble; to rise in bubbles; as, the water boils. In a chimical sense, to pass from a liquid to an aeriform state or vapor, with a bubbling motion.

2. To be agitated by any other cause than heat; as, the boiling waves which roll and foam.

3. To be hot or fervid; to swell by native heat, vigor or irritation; as the boiling blood of youth; his blood boils with anger.

4. To be in boiling water; to suffer boiling heat in water or other liquid, for cookery or other purpose.

5. To bubble; to effervesce; as a mixture of acid and alkali.

To boil away, to evaporate by boiling.

To boil over, is to run over the top of a vessel, as liquor when thrown into violent agitation by heat or other cause of effervescence.

BOIL, verb transitive To dress or cook in boiling water; to seethe; to extract the juice or quality of any thing by boiling.

1. To prepare for some use in boiling liquor; as, to boil silk, thread or cloth. To form by boiling and evaporation. This word is applied to a variety of processes for different purposes; as, to boil salt, or sugar, etc. In general, boiling is a violent agitation, occasioned by heat; to boil a liquor is to subject it to heat till it bubbles, and to boil any solid substance is to subject it to heat in a boiling liquid.

BOIL, noun A tumor upon the flesh, accompanied with soreness and inflammation; a sore angry swelling.

BOIL'ED, participle passive Dressed or cooked by boiling; subjected to the action of boiling liquor.

BOIL'ER, noun A person who boils.

1. A vessel in which any thing is boiled. A large pan, or vessel of iron, copper or brass, used in distilleries, pot-ash works and the like, for boiling large quantities of liquor at once.

BOIL'ERY, noun A place for boiling and the apparatus.

BOIL'ING, participle present tense Bubbling; heaving in bubbles; being agitated as boiling liquor; swelling with heat, ardor or passion; dressing or preparing for some purpose by hot water.

BOIL'ING, noun The act or state of bubbling; agitation by heat; ebullition; the act of dressing by hot water; the act of preparing by hot water, or of evaporating by heat.

BOIO'BI, noun A green snake, found in America, an ell in length, called by the Portuguese, cobra de verb. It is harmless, unless provoked; but its bite is noxious.

BOIS'TEROUS, adjective

1. Loud; roaring; violent; stormy; as a boisterous wind.

2. Turbulent; furious; tumultuous; noisy; as a boisterous man.

3. Large; unwieldy; huge; clumsily violent; as a boisterous club.

4. Violent; as a boisterous heat.

BOIS'TEROUSLY, adverb Violently; furiously; with loud noise; tumultuously.

BOIS'TEROUSNESS, noun The state or quality of being boisterous; turbulence; disorder; tumultuousness.

BOITI'APO, noun A Brazilian serpent, about eight feet long, covered with triangular scales, of an olive or yellowish color, whose bite is mortal.

BO'LARY, adjective [See Bole.] Pertaining to bole or clay, or partaking of its nature and qualities.

BOL'BITINE, adjective An epithet given to one of the channels of the Nile, by which its waters are discharged into the Mediterranean. It is the second from West to East, but nearly filled with sand.

BOLD, adjective

1. Daring; courageous; brave; intrepid; fearless; applied to men or other animals; as, bold as a lion.

2. Requiring courage in the execution; executed with spirit or boldness; planned with courage and spirit; as a bold enterprise.

3. Confident; not timorous.

We were bold in our God to speak to you. 1 Thessalonians 2:2.

4. In an ill sense, rude, forward, impudent.

5. Licentious; showing great liberty of fiction or expression; as, the figures of an author are bold

6. Standing out to view; striking to the eye; as bold figures in painting, sculpture and architecture.

7. Steep; abrupt; prominent; as a bold shore, which enters the water almost perpendicularly, so that ships can approach near to land without danger.

Where the bold cape its warning forehead rears.

To make bold to take freedoms; a common, but not a correct phrase. To be bold is better.

BOLD, verb transitive To make daring. [Not used.]

BOLDEN, verb transitive To make bold; to give confidence. This is nearly disused; being superseded by embolden.

BOLDLY, adverb In a bold matter; courageously; intrepidly; without timidity or fear; with confidence. Sometimes, perhaps, in a bad sense, for impudently.

BOLDNESS, noun Courage; bravery; intrepidity; spirit; fearlessness. I cannot, with Johnson, interpret this word by fortitude or magnanimity. boldness does not, I think, imply the firmness of mind, which constitutes fortitude, nor the elevation and generosity of magnanimity.

1. Prominence; the quality of exceeding the ordinary rules of scrupulous nicety and caution; applied to style, expression, and metaphors in language; and to figures in painting, sculpture and architecture.

2. Freedom from timidity; liberty.

Great is my boldness of speech towards you. 2 Corinthians 7:4.

3. Confidence; confident trust.

We have boldness and access with confidence. Ephesians 3:12.

4. Freedom from bashfulness; assurance; confident mien.

5. Prominence; steepness; as the boldness of the shore.

6. Excess of freedom, bordering on impudence.

BOLE, noun

1. The body, or stem of a tree. [Not in use.]

2. A measure of corn, containing six bushels.

BOLE, noun A kind of fine clay, often highly colored by iron. Its color is reddish yellow of various shades, often with a tinge of brown, sometimes passing to reddish, yellowish, or blackish brown, flesh red, or yellowish white. It is opake or a little translucid, especially at the edges, in the red and yellow varieties. It is compact and its fracture conchoidal. It is brittle, smooth, a little unctuous, and receives a polish from the finger nail. It adheres to the tongue, melts by degrees in the mouth and impresses a slight sense of astringency.

Armenian bole is of a bright red color, with a tinge of yellow, harder than the other kinds, and of a rough dusty surface.

BOLE of Blois is yellow, lighter than the other kinds, and it effervesces with acids.

Bohemian bole is of a yellow color, with a cast of red, and of a flaky texture.

French bole is of a pale red color, variegated with specks of white and yellow.

Lemnian bole is of a pale red color.

Silesian bole is of a pale yellow color.

BOLET'IC, adjective boletic acid is the acid of Boletus, a genus of mushrooms.

BOLE'TUS, noun [Latin] A genus of mushrooms, containing many species.

BOLGU'ACU, noun The largest of the serpent kind, and said to be forty feet long.

BO'LIS, noun [Latin from Gr., a dart; to throw.]

A fire-ball darting through the air, followed by a train of light or sparks.

BOLL, noun The pod or capsule of a plant, as of flax; a pericarp. Bole, a measure of six bushels, is sometimes written in this manner.

BOLL, verb intransitive To form into a pericarp or seed-vessel.

The barley was in the ear and the flax was bolled. Exodus 9:31.

Heb., Gr., as translated by the seventy.

BOLLard timbers, in a ship, or knight-heads, are two timbers, rising just within the stem, one on each side of the bowsprit, to secure its end.

In docks, bollards are large posts set in the ground on each side, to which are lashed large blocks, through which are reeved the transporting hawsers for docking and undocking ships.

BOLO'GNIAN STONE. Bolo'nain stone. Radiated sulphate of barytes; found in roundish masses, composed of radiating fibers; first discovered near Bologna. It is phosphorescent, when calcined.

BOLSTER, noun

1. A long pillow or cushion, used to support the head of persons lying on a bed; generally laid under the pillows.

2. A pad, or quilt, used to hinder pressure, support any part of the body, or make a bandage sit easy upon a wounded part a compress.

3. In sadlery, a part of a saddle raised upon the bows or hinder part, to hold the rider's thigh.

4. In ships, a cushion or bag, filled with tarred canvas, used to preserve the stays from being worn or chafed by the masts.

BOLSTER, verb transitive To support with a bolster pillow or any soft pad or quilt.

1. To support; to hold up; to maintain.

2. To afford a bed to.

BOLSTERED, adjective Swelled out.

BOLSTERER, noun A supporter.

BOLSTERING, noun A prop or support.

BOLT, noun [Latin pello.]

1. An arrow; a dart; a pointed shaft.

2. A strong cylindrical pin, of iron or other metal, used to fasten a door, a plank, a chain, etc. In ships, bolts are used in the sides and decks, and have different names, as rag-bolts, eye-bolts, ring-bolts, chain-bolts, etc. In gunnery, there are prise-bolts, transom-bolts, traverse-bolts, and bracket-bolts.

3. A thunder-bolt; a stream of lightning, so named from its darting like a bolt

4. The quantity of twenty-eight ells of canvas.

BOLT, verb transitive To fasten or secure with a bolt or iron pin, whether a door, a plank, fetters or any thing else.

1. To fasten; to shackle; to restrain.

2. To blurt out; to utter or throw out precipitately.

I hate when vice can bolt her arguments.

In this sense it is often followed by out.

3. To sift or separate bran from flour. In America this term is applied only to the operation performed in mills.

4. Among sportsmen, to start or dislodge, used of coneys.

5. To examine by sifting; to open or separate the parts of a subject, to find the truth; generally followed by out. 'Time and nature will bolt out the truth of things.' [Inelegant.]

6. To purify; to purge. [Unusual.]

7. To discuss or argue; as at Gray's inn, where cases are privately discussed by students and barristers.

BOLT, verb intransitive To shoot forth suddenly; to spring out with speed and suddenness; to start forth like a bolt; commonly followed by out; as, to bolt out of the house, or out of a den.

BOLTED, participle passive Made a fast with a bolt; shot forth; sifted; examined.

BOLTER, noun An instrument or machine for separating bran from flour or the coarser part of meal from the finer.

1. A kind of net.

BOLTING, ppr. Fastening with a bolt, or bolts; blurting out; shooting forth suddenly; separating bran from flour; sifting; examining; discussing; dislodging.

BOLTING, noun The act of fastening with a bolt or bolts; a sifting; discussion.

BO'LUS, noun [Latin bolus; Gr. a mass.] A soft mass of any thing medicinal to be swallowed at once, like a pill. It may be of any ingredients, made a little thicker than honey.

BOM, noun A large serpent found in America, of a harmless nature, and remarkable for uttering a sound like bom

BOMB, [Latin bombus.] A great noise.

1. A large shell of cast iron, round and hollow, with a vent to receive a fusee, which is made of wood. This being filled with gunpowder and the fusee driven into the vent, the fusee is set on fire and the bomb is thrown from a mortar, in such a direction as to fall into a fort, city or enemy's camp, when it bursts with great violence and often with terrible effect. The inventor of bombs is not known; they came into common use about the year 1634.

2. The stroke upon a bell.

BOMB, verb transitive To attack with bombs; to bombard. [Not used.]

BOMB, verb intransitive To sound.

BOM'BARD, noun [bomb and ard, kind.]

1. A piece of short thick ordnance with a large mouth, formerly used; some of them carrying a ball of three hundred pounds weight. It is called also basilisk, and by the Dutch, donderbuss, thunder-gun. But the thing and the name are no longer in use.

2. An attack with bombs; bombardment.

3. A barrel; a drinking vessel.

BOMB'ARD, verb transitive To attack with bombs thrown from mortars.

BOMB'ARDED, participle passive Attacked with bombs.

BOMBARDIE'R, noun One whose business is to attend the loading and firing of mortars.

1. Carabus, a genus of insects of the beetle kind.

BOMB'ARDING, participle present tense Attacking with shells or bombs.

BOMB'ARDMENT, noun An attack with bombs; the act of throwing bombs into a town, fort or ship.

BOMB'ARDO, noun A musical instrument of the wind kind, much like the bassoon, and used as a base to the hautboy.

BOMBASIN, noun s as z. A name given to two sorts of stuffs, one of silk, the other crossed of cotton.

BOM'BAST, noun Originally a stuff of soft loose texture, used to swell garments. Hence, high sounding words; an inflated style; fustian; a serious attempt, by strained description, to raise a low or familiar subject beyond its rank, which, instead of being sublime, never fails to be ridiculous.

BOM'BAST, adjective High-sounding; inflated; big without meaning.

BOMBAS'TIC, adjective Swelled; high sounding; bombast.

BOM'BASTRY, noun Swelling words without much meaning; fustian.

BOMB'-CHEST, noun [bomb and chest.] A chest filled with bombs or only with gunpowder, placed under ground, to make destruction by its displosion.

BOM'BIAT, noun A salt formed by the bombic acid and any base saturated.

BOM'BIC, adjective [Latin bombyx, a silk worm.]

Pertaining to the silk worm; as bombic acid.

BOMBILA'TION, noun [Latin bombilo.] Sound; report; noise. [Little used.]

BOMB'-KETCH

BOMB'-VESSEL, noun A small ship or vessel, constructed for throwing bombs into a fortress from the sea, and built remarkably strong, in order to sustain the shocks produced by the discharge of the mortars. They generally are rigged as ketches.

BOMBYC'INOUS, adjective [Latin bombycinus, from bombyx, a silk worm.]

1. Silken; made of silk.

2. Being of the color of the silk worm; transparent, with a yellow tint.

BONA'IR, adjective [Latin bonus.] Complaisant; yielding. [Not used.]

BONA'SUS, noun [Latin] A species of Bos, or wild ox, with a long mane; a native of Asia and Africa. It is of the size of a bull.

BOND, noun

1. Anything that binds, as a cord, a chain, a rope; a band.

2. Ligament; that which holds things together.

3. Union; connection; a binding.

Let walls be so constructed as to make a good bond

4. In the plural, chains; imprisonment; captivity.

He hath done nothing worthy of death or of bonds. Acts.

5. Cause of union; cement which unites; link of connection; as the bonds of affection.

Charity is the bond of perfectness. Colossians 3:11

6. An obligation imposing a moral duty, as by a vow, or promise, by law or other means.

7. In law, an obligation or deed by which a person binds himself, his heirs, executors, and administrators, to pay a certain sum, on or before a future day appointed. This is a single bond But usually a condition is added, that ; if the obligor shall do a certain act, or pay a certain sum of money, on or before a time specified, the obligation shall be void; otherwise it shall remain in full force. If the condition is not performed, the bond becomes forfeited, and the obligor and his heirs are liable to the payment of the whole sum.

BOND, adjective [for bound.] In a state of servitude, or slavery; captive.

Whether we be jews or Gentiles; whether we be bond or free. 1 Corinthians 12:13.

BOND, verb transitive To give bond for; as for duties or customs at a custom house; to secure payment of, by giving a bond

On their reshipment and exportation, official clearances were given, in which no mention was made that the cargo consisted of bonded or debentured goods.

In the U.States, it is applied to the goods on which the customs arise, and to the duties secured by bond

BOND'AGE, noun Slavery or involuntary servitude; captivity; imprisonment; restraint of a person's liberty by compulsion. In ancient English law, villenage.

1. Obligation; tie of duty.

He must resolve not to be brought under the bondage of observing oaths.

2. In scripture, spiritual subjection to sin and corrupt passions, or to the yoke of the ceremonial law; servile fear. Hebrews 2:15. Galatians 2:4. Romans 8:15.

BOND'ED, participle passive Secured by bond, as duties. bonded goods are those for the duties on which bonds are given at the custom house.

BOND'MAID, noun [bond and maid.] A female slave, or one bound to service without wages, in opposition to a hired servant.

BOND'MAN, noun [bond and man.] A man slave, or one bound to service without wages. In old English law, a villain, or tenant in villenage.

BOND'SERVANT, noun [bond and servant.] A slave; one who is subjected to the authority of another, or whose person and liberty are restrained.

BOND'SERVICE, noun [bond and service.] The condition of a bond-servant; slavery.

BOND'SLAVE, noun [bond and slave.] A person in a state of slavery; one whose person and liberty are subjected to the authority of a master.

BONDS'MAN, noun [bond and man.] A slave.

1. A surety; one who is bound, or who gives security, for another.

BONDS'WOMAN,

BOND'-WOMAN, noun [bond and woman.] A woman slave.

BON'DUC, noun A species of Guilandina, or nickar tree, the yellow nickar, a climbing plant, a native of the West Indies, bearing a pod containing two hard seeds of the size of a child's marble.

BONE, noun

1. A firm hard substance of a dull white color, composing some part of the frame of an animal body. The bones of an animal support all the softer parts, as the flesh and vessels. They vary in texture in different bones, and in different parts of the same bone The long bones are compact in their middle portion, with a central cavity occupied by a network of plates and fibers, and cellular or spongy at the extremities. The flat bones are compact externally, and cellular internally. The bones in a fetus are soft and cartilaginous, but they gradually harden with age. The ends of the long bones are larger than the middle, which renders the articulations more firm, and in the fetus are distinct portions, called epiphyses. Bones are supplied with blood vessels, and in the fetus, or in a diseased state, are very vascular. They are probably also furnished with nerves and absorbents, though less easily detected in a sound state. They are covered with a thin, strong membrane, called the periosteum, which, together with the bones, has very little sensibility in a sound state, but when inflamed, is extremely sensible. Their cells and cavities are occupied by a fatty substance, called the medulla or marrow. They consist of earthy matter, rather more than half, gelatin, one sixteenth, and cartilage, about one third of the whole. The earthy matter gives them their solidity, and consists of phosphate of lime, with a small portion of carbonate of lime and phosphate of magnesia.

2. A piece of bone with fragments of meat adhering to it.

To be upon the bones, is to attack. [Little used, and vulgar.]

To make no bones, is to make no scruple; a metaphor taken from a dog who greedily swallows meat that has no bones.

BONEs, a sort of bobbins, made of trotter bones, for weaving lace; also dice.

BONE, verb transitive To take out bones from the flesh, as in cookery.

1. To put whale bone into stays.

BO'NED, participle passive Deprived of bones, as in cookery.

BO'NED adjective Having bones; used in composition; as high-boned; strong-boned.

BO'NELACAE, noun [bone and lace.] A lace made of linen thread, so called because made with bobbins of bone, or for its stiffness.

BO'NELESS, adjective Without bones; wanting bones; as boneless gums.

BONET'TA, noun A sea fish.

BON'FIRE, noun A fire made as an expression of public joy and exultation.

BON'GRACE, noun A covering for the forehead.

BO'NIFY, verb transitive To convert into good. [Not used.]

BONITO, noun A fish of the tunny kind, growing to the length of three feet, and found on the American coast, and in the tropical climates. It has a greenish back, and a white silvery belly.

BON'MOT, noun A jest; a witty repartee. This word is not anglicized, and may be pronounced bomo.

BON'NET, noun

1. A covering for the head, in common use before the introduction of hats. The word, as now used, signifies a cover for the head, worn by females, close at the sides, and projecting over the forehead.

2. In fortification, a small work with two faces, having only a parapet, with two rows of palisades about 10 or 12 feet distant. Generally it is raised above the salient angle of the counterscarp, and communicates with the covered way.

Bonnet a pretre, or priest's bonnet is an outwork, having at the head three salient angles and two inwards.

3. In sea language, an addition to sail, or an additional part laced to the foot of a sail, in small vessels, and in moderate winds.

BON'NIBEL, noun A handsome girl.

BON'NILASS, noun A beautiful girl.

BON'NILY, adverb Gayly; handsomely; plumply.

BON'NINESS, noun Gayety; handsomeness; plumpness. [Little used.]

BON'NY, adjective [Latin bonus.]

1. Handsome; beautiful.

Till bonny Susan sped across the plain.

2. Gay; merry; frolicsome; cheerful; blithe.

Blithe and bonny

3. In familiar language, plump, as plump and healthful persons are most inclined to mirth.

[This word is much used in Scotland.]

BON'NY, noun Among miners, a bed of ore, differing from a squat in being round, whereas a squat is flat; or a distinct bed of ore, that communicates with no vein.

BON'TEN, noun A narrow woolen stuff.

BONUM MAGUM, [L] A species of plum.

BONUS, noun [Latin] A premium given for a charter or other privilege granted to a company.

BO'NY, adjective [from bone.] Consisting of bones; full of bones; pertaining to bones.

1. Having large or prominent bones; stout; strong.

BON'ZE, noun bon'zy. An Indian priest; a name used in China, Tunkin and the neighboring countries. In China, the Bonzes are the priests of the Fohists, or sect of Fohi. They are distinguished from the laity by their dress. In Japan, they are gentlemen of family. In Tunkin, every pagoda has at least two bonzes belonging to it, and some have thirty or forty. In China, the number of bonzes is estimated at fifty thousand, and they are represented as idle dissolute men.

BOO'BY, noun

1. A dunce; a stupid fellow; a lubber; one void of wisdom, or intellect.

2. A fowl of the pelican genus, of a brown and white color, much varied in different individuals. This fowl is found among the Bahama isles, feeds upon fish and lays its eggs on the bare rocks. It has a joint in the upper mandible, by which it can raise it without opening the mouth.

BOOK, noun [Like the Latin liber, book signifies primarily bark and beech, the tree being probably named from its bark.]

A general name of every literary composition which is printed; but appropriately, a printed composition bound; a volume. The name is given also to any number of written sheets when bound or sewed together, and to a volume of blank paper, intended for any species of writing, as for memorandums, for accounts, or receipts.

1. A particular part of a literary composition; a division of a subject in the same volume.

2. A volume or collection of sheets in which accounts are kept; a register of debts and credits, receipts and expenditures, etc.

In books, in kind remembrance; in favor.

I was so much in his books, that at his decease he left me his lamp.

Without book by memory; without reading; without notes; as, a sermon was delivered without book This phrase is used also in the sense of without authority; as, a man asserts without book

BOOK, verb transitive To enter, write or register in a book

BOOK'BINDER, noun [book and bind.] One whose occupation is to bind books.

BOOK'BINDING, noun The art or practice of binding books; or of sewing

the sheets, and covering them with leather or other material.

BOOK'ED, participle passive Written in a book; registered.

BOOK'FUL, adjective [book and full.] Full of notions gleaned from books; crowded with undigested learning.

BOOK'ING, participle present tense Registering in a book.

BOOK'ISH, adjective Given to reading; fond of study; more acquainted with books than with men.

BOOK'ISHLY, adverb In the way of being addicted to books or much reading.

BOOK'ISHNESS, noun Addictedness to books; fondness for study.

BOOK'-KEEPER, noun [book and keep.] One who keeps accounts, or the accounts of another; the officer who has the charge of keeping the books and accounts in a public office.

BOOK'LAND

BOOK'LEARNED, adjective [book and learn.] Versed in books; acquainted with books and literature; a term sometimes implying an ignorance of men, or of the common concerns of life.

BOOK'LEARNED, a. [book and learn.] Versed in books; acquainted with books and literature; a term sometimes implying an ignorance of men, or of the common concerns of life.

BOOK'LEARNING, noun Learning acquired by reading; acquaintance with books and literature; sometimes implying want of practical knowledge.

BOOK'LESS, adjective [book and less.] Without books; unlearned.

BOOK'MAKING, noun The practice of writing and publishing books.

BOOK'MAN, noun [book and man.] A man whose profession is the study of books.

BOOK'MATE, noun [book and mate.] A school-fellow.

BOOK'OATH, noun The oath made on the book, or Bible.

BOOK'SELLER, noun [book and sell.] One whose occupation is to see books.

BOOKSTORE, noun A shop where books are sold.

BOOK'WORM, noun [book and worm.] A worm or mite that eats holes in books.

1. A student closely attached to books, or addicted to study; also, a reader without judgment.

BOO'LEY, noun In Ireland, one who has not settled habitation, but wanders from place to place, with his flocks and herds, living on their milk, like the Tartars.

BOOM, noun A long pole or spar, run out from various parts of a ship, or other vessel, for the purpose of extending the bottom of particular sails; as the jib-boom, studding-sail boom main-boom, square-sail boom etc.

1. A strong iron chain, fastened to spars, and extended across a river, or the mouth of a harbor, to prevent an enemy's ships from passing.

2. A pole set up as a mark to direct seamen how to keep the channel, in shallow water.

BOOM, verb intransitive

1. In marine language, to rush with violence, as a ship under a press of sail.

2. To swell; to roll and roar, as waves.

The hoarse waves booming to the ocean shore.

3. To cry as the bittern.

The Dutch use bom for the sound of an empty barrel, and bommen is to drum.

BOON, noun [Latin bonus.]

1. A gift; a grant; a benefaction; a present; a favor granted.

2. A prayer, or petition.

BOON, adjective [Latin bonus.] Gay; merry; kind; bountiful; as a boon companion.

BO'OPS, noun The pike-headed whale, with a double pipe in its snout, and a hard horny ridge on its back; so names from its sharp pointed nose.

BOOR, noun A countryman; a peasant; a rustic; a plowman; a clown; hence, one who is rude in manners, and illiterate.

BOOR'ISH, adjective Clownish; rustic; awkward in manners, and illiterate.

BOOR'ISHLY, adverb In a clownish manner.

BOOR'ISHNESS, noun Clownishness; rusticity, coarseness of manners.

BOOSE, noun [Heb. a stall or crib.] A stall or inclosure for an ox, cow or other cattle. Not used or local.]

BOOSE

BOOST, verb transitive To lift or raise by pushing; to push up. [A common vulgar wood in noun England.]

BOO'SY, adjective boo'zy. A little intoxicated; merry with liquor. [Vulgar.]

BOOT, verb transitive [Eng. but. The primary sense of the root is to advance, or carry forward.]

1. To profit; to advantage

It shall not boot them.

2. To enrich; to benefit.

I will boot thee.

BOOT, noun Profit; gain; advantage; that which is given to make the exchange equal, or to supply the deficiency of value in one of the things exchanged.

1. To boot in addition to; over and above; besides; a compensation for the difference of value between things bartered; as, I will give my house for yours, with one hundred dollars to boot

2. Spoil; plunder. [See Booty.]

BOOT, noun

1. A covering for the leg, made of leather, and united with a shoe. This garment was originally intended for horsemen, but is now generally worn by gentlemen on foot. The different sorts are fishing-boots, worn in water; hunting-boots, a thinner kind for sportsmen; jack-boots, a strong kind for horsemen; and half-boots.

2. A kind or rack for the leg, formerly used to torture criminals. This was made of boards bound fast to the legs by cords; or a boot or buskin, made wet and drawn upon the legs and then dried by the fire, so as to contract and squeeze the legs.

3. A box covered with leather in the fore part of a coach. Also, an apron or leathern cover for a gig or chair, to defend persons from rain and mud. This latter application is local and improper.

BOOT, verb transitive To put on boots.

BOOT'CATCHER, noun [boot and catch.] The person at an inn whose business is to pull off boots.

BOOT'ED, participle passive Having boots on.

BOOTEE', noun A word sometimes used for a half or short boot.

BOO'TES, noun A northern constellation; consisting, according to Flamstead's catalogue, of fifty-four stars.

BOOTH, noun [Heb. beth, a house or booth a nest for birds.]

A house or shed built of boards, boughs of trees, or other slight materials, for a temporary residence.

BOOT'-HOSE, noun [boot and hose.] Stocking-hose or spatterdashes, in lieu of boots.

BOOT'LEG, noun [boot and leg.] Leather cutout for the leg of a boot.

BOOT'LESS, adjective [from boot.] Unavailing; unprofitable; useless; without advantage or success.

BOOT'LESSLY, adverb Without use or profit.

BOOT'-TOPPING, noun [boot and top.] The operation of cleansing a ship's bottom, near the surface of the water, by scraping off the grass, slime, shells, etc. and daubing it with a mixture of tallow, sulphur and rosin.

BOOT'-TREE, or BOOT'-LAST, noun An instrument to stretch and widen the leg of a boot, consisting of two pieces, shaped like a leg, between which, when put into the boot, a wedge is driven.

BOOT'Y, noun

1. Spoil taken from an enemy in war; plunder; pillage.

2. That which is seized by violence and robbery.

To play booty is to play dishonestly with an intent to lose.

BOOZE, verb intransitive booz. To drink freely; to tope; to guzzle. [A vulgar word.]

BOPEE'P, noun [bo, an exclamation, and peep.] The act of looking out or from behind something and drawing back, as children in play, for the purpose of frightening each other.

BOR, Sav. bur, signifies a chamber or a cottage.

BUR, noun

1. A rough prickly covering of the seeds of certain plants, as of the chestnut, and burdock.

2. A broad ring of iron behind the place for the hand on a spear, used in tilting.

BO'RABLE, adjective [See Bore.] That may be bored. [Little used.]

BORACH'IO, noun A drunkard.

1. A bottle or cask. [Not used.]

BORAC'IC, adjective [See Borax.] Pertaining to or produced from borax.

Boracic acid, a compound of a peculiar base, boron, with oxygen. It is generally obtained from borax, by adding sulfuric acid. It is also found native, in certain mineral springs in Italy.

BO'RACITE, noun Borate of magnesia; magnesian earth combined with boracic acid. It is generally of a cubic form, and remarkable for its electrical properties when heated.

BO'RACITED, adjective Combined with boracic acid.

BO'RACOUS ACID, noun The base of boracic acid, partially saturated with oxygen.

BORAGE, noun bur'rage. A plant of the genus Borago.

BO'RATE, noun A salt formed by a combination of boracic acid with any base saturated.

BO'RAX, noun Sub-borate of soda; a salt formed by the combination of boracic acid with the marine alkali or soda. It is brought from the East Indies, where it is said to be found at the bottom or on the margin of certain lakes, particularly in Thibet. It is said to be artificially prepared in Persia, like niter. It comes in three states. 1. Crude borax tinkal, or chrysocolla, from Persia, in greenish masses of a greasy feel, or in opake crystals. 2. borax of China, somewhat purer, in small plates or masses, irregularly crystallized, and of a dirty white. 3. Dutch or purified borax in portions of transparent crystals, which is the kind generally used. It is an excellent flux in docimastic operations, a styptic in medicine, and useful in soldering metals.

BORDAGE, noun [See Bordland.]

BORD'EL

BORD'ELLER, noun The keeper of a brothel.

BORD'ELLER, n. The keeper of a brothel.

BORDEL'LO, noun [This is the Eng. brothel.] A brothel; a bawdy-house; a house devoted to prostitution.

BORD'ER, noun The outer edge of any thing; the extreme part or surrounding line; the confine or exterior limit of a country, or of any region or tract of land; the exterior part or edge of a garment, or of the corol of plants; the rim or brim of a vessel, but not often applied to vessels; the exterior part of a garden, and hence a bank raised at the side of a garden, for the cultivation of flowers, and a row of plants; in short, the outer part or edge of things too numerous to be specified.

BORD'ER, verb intransitive To confine; to touch at the edge, side or end; to be contiguous or adjacent; with on or upon; as, Connecticut on the north borders on or upon Massachusetts.

1. To approach near to.

Wit, which borders upon profaneness, deserves to be branded as folly.

BORD'ER, verb transitive To make a border; to adorn with a border of ornaments; as, to border a garment or a garden.

1. To reach to; to touch at the edge or end; to confine upon; to be contiguous to.

Sheba and Raamah border the Persian gulf.

2. To confine within bounds; to limit. [Not used.]

BORD'ERED, participle passive Adorned or furnished with a border.

BORD'ERER, noun One who dwells on a border, or at the extreme part or confines of a country, region or tract of land; one who dwells near to a place.

BORD'ERING, participle present tense Lying adjacent to; forming a border.

BORD'URE, noun In heraldry, a tract or compass of metal, color or fur, within the escutcheon, and around it.

BORE, verb transitive [Latin foro and perforo, to bore to perforate; Gr. to pierce or transfix; also, to pass over, in which sense it coincides with ferry; Latin veru, from thrusting or piercing, coincide in elements with this root.

1. To perforate or penetrate a solid body and make a round hole by turning an auger, gimlet, or other instrument. Hence, to make hollow; ; to form a round hole; as, to bore a cannon.

2. To eat out or make a hollow by gnawing or corroding, as a worm.

3. To penetrate or break through by turning or labor; as, to bore through a crowd.

BORE, verb intransitive To be pierced or penetrated by an instrument that turns; as, this timber does not bore well or is hard to bore

1. To pierce or enter by boring; as, an auger bores well.

2. To push forward toward a certain point.

Boring to the west.

3. With horsemen, a horse bores, when he carries his nose to the ground.

4. In a transitive or intransitive sense, to pierce the earth with scooping irons, which, when drawn out, bring with them samples of the different stratums, through which they pass. This is a method of discovering veins of ore and coal without opening a mine.

BORE, noun The hole made by boring. Hence, the cavity or hollow of a gun, cannon, pistol or other fire-arm; the caliber; whether formed by boring or not.

1. Any instrument for making holes by boring or turning, as an auger, gimlet or wimble.

BORE, noun A tide, swelling above another tide.

A sudden influx of the tide into a river or narrow strait.

BORE, preterit tense of bear. [See Bear.]

BO'REAL, adjective [Latin borealis. See Boreas.] Northern; pertaining to the north or the north wind.

BO'REAS, noun [Latin boreas; Gr. the north wind.] The northern wind; a cold northerly wind.

BO'RED, participle passive Perforated by an auger or other turning instrument; made hollow.

BOREE', noun A certain dance, or movement in common time, of four crotchets in a bar; always beginning in the last quaver or last crotchet of the measure.

BO'RER, noun One who bores; also an instrument to make holes with by turning.

1. Terebella, the piercer, a genus of sea worms, that pierce wood.

BORN, participle passive of bear. baurn. Brought forth, as an animal. A very useful distinction is observed by good authors, who, in the sense of produced or brought forth, write this word born; but in the sense of carried, write it borne. This difference of orthography renders obvious the difference of pronunciation.

1. To be born is to be produced or brought into life. 'Man is born to trouble.' A man born a prince or a beggar. It is followed by of, before the mother or ancestors.

Man that is born of woman is of few days and full of trouble. Job 14:1.

2. To be born or born again, is to be regenerated and renewed; to receive spiritual life. John 3:3.

BORNE, participle passive of bear. Carried; conveyed; supported; defrayed.

BORNE, noun The more correct orthography of bourn, a limit or boundary. [See Bourn.]

BO'RON, noun The undecomposable base of boracic acid.

BOROUGH, noun bur'ro. [Latin parcus, saving.] Originally, a fortified city or town; hence a hill, for hills were selected for places of defense. But in later times, the term city was substituted to denote an episcopal town, in which was the see of a bishop, and that of borough was retained for the rest. At present, the name is given appropriately to such towns and villages as send representatives or burgesses to Parliament. Some boroughs are incorporated, other are not.

BOROUGH, noun bur'ro. In Saxon times, a main pledge, or association of men, who were sureties or free pledges to the king for the good behavior of each other, and if any offense was committed in their district, they were bound to have the offender forthcoming. The association of ten men was called a tithing, or decenary; the presiding man was called the tithing man, or head-borough; or in some places, borsholder, borough's elder. This society was called also friburg, free burg, frank pledge. Ten tithings formed a hundred, consisting of that number of sureties, and this denomination is still given to the districts, comprehended in the association. The term seems to have been used both for the society and for each surety. The word main, hand, which is attached to this society, or their mutual assurance, indicates that the agreement was ratified by shaking hands.

Some writers have suggested that the application of this word to towns sprung from these associations, and of course was posterior to them in time. But the word was used for a town or castle in other nations, and in Asia, doubtless long before the origin of the frank pledge.

In Connecticut, this word, borough is used for a town or a part of a town, or a village, incorporated with certain privileges, distinct from those of other towns and of cities; as the borough of Bridgeport.

In Scotland, a borough is a body corporate, consisting of the inhabitants of a certain district, erected by the Sovereign, with a certain jurisdiction.

BOROUGHs are erected to be held of the sovereign, as is generally the case of royal boroughs; or of the superior of the lands included, as in the case of boroughs of regality and barony. Royal boroughs are generally erected for the advantage of trade.

BOROUGHs English, is a customary descent of lands and tenements to the youngest son, instead of the eldest; or if the owner leaves no son, to the youngest brother.

BOROUGH English, is a customary descent of lands and tenements to the youngest son, instead of the eldest; or if the owner leaves no son, to the youngest brother.

BOROUGH-head, the same as head-borough, the chief of a borough

BORRACH'IO, noun The caoutchouc, India rubber, or elastic gum. [See caoutchouc.]

BOR'RELISTS, noun In church history, a sect of Christians in Holland, so called from Borrel, their founder, who reject the use of the sacraments, public prayer and all external worship. They lead a very austere life.

BOR'ROW, verb transitive

1. To take from another by request and consent, with a view to use the thing taken for a time, and return it, or if the thing taken is to be consumed or transferred in the use, then to return an equivalent in kind; as, to borrow a book, a sum of money, or a loaf of bread. It is opposed to lend.

2. To take from another, for one's own use; to copy or select from the writings of another author; as, to borrow a passage from a printed book; to borrow a title.

3. To take or adopt for one's own use, sentiments, principles, doctrines and the like; as, to borrow instruction.

4. To take for use something that belongs to another; to assume, copy or imitate; as, to borrow a shape; to borrow the manners of another, or his style of writing.

BOR'ROW, noun A borrowing; the act of borrowing. [Not used.]

But of your royal presence I'll adventure.

The borrow of a week.

BOR'ROWED, participle passive Taken by consent of another, to be returned or its equivalent in kind; copies; assumed.

BOR'ROWER, noun One who borrows; opposed to lender. [See the verb.]

1. One who takes what belongs to another to use as one's own.

BOR'ROWING, participle present tense Taking by consent to use and return, or to return its equivalent; taking what belongs to another to use as one's own; copying; assuming; imitating.

BOR'ROWING, noun The act of borrowing [See the verb.]

BORS'HOLDER, noun [A contraction of burh's ealdor, borough's elder, the elder or chief of a borough.]

The head or chief of a tithing or burg of ten men; ; the head-borough.

BOS, noun [Latin] In zoology, the technical name of a genus of quadrupeds. The characters are, the horns are hollow within and turned outward in the form of crescents; there are eight fore teeth in the under jaw, but none in the upper; there are no dog teeth. The species are, the Taurus or common ox, the Urus, aurochs or bison of Europe, the Bison or buffalo of North America, the Bubalus or proper buffalo of the Eastern continent, the Caffer or Cape buffalo, the Grunniens or yak of Thibet, and the Moschatus or musk ox of Arctic America.

BOSC'AGE, noun [Eng.bush.]

1. Wood; under-wood; perhaps, sometimes, lands covered with underwood; also, a thicket.

2. In old laws, food or sustenance for cattle, which is yielded by bushes and trees.

3. With painters, a landscape, representing thickets of wood.

BOS'CHAS, noun The common wild duck, or mallard, belonging to the genus Anas.

BOSH, noun Outline; figure.

BOSK'ET

BOSK'Y, adjective [See Boscage.] Woody; covered with thickets.

BOSK'Y, a. [See Boscage.] Woody; covered with thickets.

BO'SOM, noun s as z.

1. The breast of a human being and the parts adjacent.

2. The folds or covering of clothes about the breast.

Put thy hand in thy bosom Exodus 4:6.

3. Embrace, as with the arms; inclosure; compass; often implying friendship or affection; as, to live in the bosom of a church.

4. The breast, as inclosing the heart; or the interior of the breast, considered as the seat of the passions.

Anger resteth in the bosom of fools. Ecclesiastes 7:9.

Their soul was poured into their mother's bosom Lamentations 2:12.

5. The breast, or its interior, considered as a close place, the receptacle of secrets.

If I covered my transgressions as Adam, by hiding my iniquity in my bosom Job 31:33.

6. Any inclosed place; the interior; as the bosom of the earth or of the deep.

7. The tender affections; kindness; favor; as the son of his bosom; the wife of thy bosom

He shall carry the lambs in his bosom Isaiah 40:11.

8. The arms, or embrace of the arms. Psalms 129:7.

9. Inclination; desire. [Not used.]

Bosom, in composition, implies intimacy, affection and confidence; as a bosom-friend, an intimate or confidential friend; bosom-lover, bosom-interest, bosom-secret, etc. In such phrases, bosom may be considered as an attribute equivalent to intimate, confidential, dear.

BO'SOM, verb transitive To inclose in the bosom; to keep with care.

Bosom up my counsel.

1. To conceal; to hide from view.

To happy convents bosom'd deep in vines.

BO'SOMED, participle passive Inclosed in the breast; concealed.

BO'SON, noun A boatswain; a popular, but corrupt pronunciation.

The merry bosom.

BOSPO'RIAN, adjective [from Bosporus.] Pertaining to a bosporus, a strait or narrow sea between two seas, or a sea and a lake.

The Alans forced the bosporian kings to pay them tribute, and exterminated the Taurians.

BOS'PORUS, noun [Gr. an ox, and a passage.]

A narrow sea or a strait, between two seas or between a sea and a lake, so called, it is supposed, as being an ox-passage, a strait over which an ox may swim. So our northern ancestors called a strait, a sound, that is, a swim. The term bosporus has been particularly applied to the strait between the Propontis and the Euxine, called the Thracian Bosporus; and to the strait of Caffa, called the Cimmerian bosporus which connects the Palus Maeotis or sea of Azof, with the Euxine.

BOS'QUET

BOSS, noun

1. A stud or knob; a protuberant ornament, of silver, ivory, or other material, used on bridles, harness, etc.

2. A protuberant part; a prominence; as the boss of a buckler.

3. A round or swelling body of any kind; as a boss of wood.

4. A water-conduit, in form of a tun-bellied figure.

BOSS, n.

BOSS'AGE, noun

1. A stone in a building which has a projecture, and is laid rough, to be afterwards carved into moldings, capitals, coats of arms, etc.

2. Rustic work, consisting of stones which advance beyond the naked or level of the building, by reason of indentures or channels left in the joinings; chiefly in the corners of edifices, and called rustic quoins. The cavities are sometimes round, sometimes beveled or in a diamond form, sometimes inclosed with a cavetto, and sometimes with a listel.

BOSS'ED, participle passive Studded; ornamented with bosses.

BOSS'IVE, adjective Crooked; deformed.

BOSS'Y, adjective Containing a boss; ornamented with bosses.

His head reclining on his bossy shield.

BOS'VEL, noun A plant, a species of crowfoot.

BOT. [See Bots.]

BOTAN'IC

BOTAN'ICAL, adjective [See Botany.] Pertaining to botany; relating to plants in general; also, containing plants, as a botanic garden.

BOTAN'ICAL, a. [See Botany.] Pertaining to botany; relating to plants in general; also, containing plants, as a botanic garden.

BOTAN'ICALLY, adverb According to the system of botany.

BOT'ANIST, noun One skilled in botany; one versed in the knowledge of plants or vegetables, their structure, and generic and specific differences.

The botanist is he who can affix similar names to similar vegetables, and different names to different ones, so as to be intelligible to every one.

BOT'ANIZE, verb intransitive To seek for plants; to investigate the vegetable kingdom; to study plants.

He could not obtain permission to botanize upon mount Sabber.

BOTANOL'OGY, noun [Gr. a plant, and discourse.] A discourse upon plants.

BOTANOM'ANCY, noun An ancient species of divination by means of plants, especially sage and fig leaves. Persons wrote their names and questions on leaves, which they exposed to the wind, and as many of the letters as remained in their places were taken up, and being joined together, contained an answer to the question.

BOTANY, noun [Gr. a plant.] That branch of natural history which treats of vegetables; a science which treats of the different plants, and of the distinguishing marks by which each individual species may be known from every other.

Or, botany is the science of the structure, functions, properties, habits and arrangement of plants, and of the technical characters by which they are distinguished.

BOTAR'GO, noun A relishing sort of food, made of the roes of the mullet, much used on the coast of the Mediterranean, as an incentive to drink.

BOTCH, noun [Eng.patch.]

1. A swelling on the skin; a large ulcerous affection.

BOTCHes and blains must all his flesh imboss.

2. A patch, or the part of a garment patched or mended in a

clumsy manner; ill-finished work in mending.

3. That which resembles a botch; a part added clumsily; adventitious or ill-applied words.

If those words are not notorious botches, I am deceived.

BOTCH, verb transitive To mend or patch with a needle or awl, in a clumsy manner, as a garment; to mend or repair awkwardly, as a system of government.

1. To put together unsuitable, or unskillfully; to make use of unsuitable pieces.

For treason botched in rhyme will be thy bane.

2. To mark with botches.

Young Hylas botched with stains.

BOTCH'ER, noun A clumsy workman at mending of old clothes, whether a tailor or cobbler.

BOTCH'Y, adjective Marked with botches; full of botches.

BOTE, noun [The old orthography of boot, but retained in law, in composition.

1. In law, compensation; amends; satisfaction; as manbote, a compensation for a man slain. Also, payment of any kind.

2. A privilege or allowance of necessaries, used in composition as equivalent to the French estovers, supplies, necessaries; as house-bote, a sufficiency of wood to repair a house or for fuel, sometimes called fire-bote; so plow-bote, cart-bote, wood for making or repairing instruments of husbandry; hay-bote or hedge-bote, wood for hedges or fences, etc. These were privileges enjoyed by tenants under the feudal system.

BO'TELESS, a In vain. [See Bootless.]

BOTET'TO, noun A small thick fish of Mexico, about eight inches long, with a flat belly, and convex back. When taken out of the water it swells, and if kicked, will burst. Its liver is deadly poison.

BOTH, adjective Two, considered as distinct from others or by themselves; the one and the other.

This word is often placed before the nouns with which it is connected.

He understands how to manage both public and private concerns.

It is often used as a substitute for nouns.

And Abraham took sheep and oxen, and gave them to Abimelech; and both of them made a covenant. Genesis 21:27.

BOTH often represents two members of a sentence.

He will not bear the loss of his rank, because he can bear the loss of his estate; but he will bear both because he is prepared for both

BOTH often pertains to adjectives or attributes, and in this case generally precedes them in construction; as, he endeavored to render commerce both disadvantageous and infamous.

BOTH'ER, the vulgar pronunciation of pother. [See Pother.]

BOTH'NIAN, adjective Pertaining to Bothnia, a province of Sweden, and to a gulf of the Baltic sea, which is so called from the province, which it penetrates. Pinkerton uses Bothnic, as a noun for the gulf, and Barlow uses bothnian in the same manner.

BOTH'NIC

BOTOCH'ED, participle passive Patched clumsily; mended unskillfully; marked with botches.

BOTOCH'ED, pp. Patched clumsily; mended unskillfully; marked with botches.

BOTO'TOE, noun A bird of the parrot kind, of a fine blue color, found in the Philippine isles.

BO'TRYOID

BOTRYOI'DAL, adjective [Gr. a bunch of grapes, and form.]

Having the form of a bunch of grapes; like grapes; as a mineral presenting an aggregation of small gloves.

BO'TRYOLITE, noun [Gr. supra, and stone.]

Literally, grape-stone. This mineral occurs in mammilliary or botryoidal concretions, in a bed of magnetic iron in gneiss, near Arendal in Norway. Its colors are pearl-gray, grayish or reddish white, and pale rose-red, and form concentric stripes.

Botryolite is a variety of siliceous borate of lime. It is found near the Passaic falls in New Jersey.

BOTS, noun Generally used in the plural.

A species of small worms found in the intestines of horses. They are the larvas of a species of OEstrus or gad-fly, which deposits its eggs on the tips of the hairs, generally of the fore-legs and mane, whence they are taken into the mouth and swallowed. This word is also applied to the larvas of other species of OEstrus, found under the hides of oxen, in the nostrils of sheep, etc.

BOT'TLE, noun

1. A hollow vessel of glass, wood, leather or other material, with a narrow mouth, for holding and carrying liquors. The oriental nations use skins or leather for the conveyance of liquors; and of this kind are the bottles mentioned in scripture. 'Put new wine into bottles.' In Europe and America, glass is used for liquors of all kinds; and farmers use small cags or hollow vessels of wood. The small kinds of glass bottles are called vials or phials.

2. The contents of a bottle; as much as a bottle contains; but from the size of bottles used for wine, porter and cyder, a bottle is nearly a quart; as a bottle of wine or a porter.

3. A quantity of hay in a bundle; a bundle of hay.

BOT'TLE, verb transitive To put into bottles; as, to bottle wine or porter. This includes the stopping of the bottles with corks.

BOT'TLED, participle passive Put into bottles; inclosed in bottles.

1. Having a protuberant belly.

BOT'TLING, participle present tense Putting into bottles.

BOT'TLING, noun The act of putting into bottles and corking.

BOT'TOM, noun

1. The lowest part of any thing; as the bottom of a well, vat or ship; the bottom of a hill.

2. The ground under any body of water; as the bottom of the sea, of a river or lake.

3. The foundation or ground work of any thing, as of an edifice, or of any system or moral subject; the base, or that which supports any superstructure.

4. A low ground; a dale; a valley; applied in the U. States to the flat lands adjoining rivers, etc. It is so used in some parts of England.

5. The deepest part; that which is most remote from the view; as, let us examine this subject to the bottom

6. Bound; limit.

There is no bottom in my voluptuousness.

7. The utmost extent or depth of cavity, or of intellect, whether deep or shallow.

I do see the bottom of justice Shallow.

8. The foundation, considered as the cause, spring or origin; the first moving cause; as, a foreign prince is at the bottom of the confederacy.

9. A ship or vessel. Goods imported in foreign bottoms pay a higher duty, than those imported in our own. Hence, a state of hazard, chance or risk; but in this sense it is used chiefly or solely in the singular. We say, venture not too much in one bottom; that is, do not hazard too much at a single risk.

10. A ball of thread.

11. The bottom of a lane or alley, is the lowest end. This phrase supposed a declivity; but it is often used for the most remote part, when there is very little declivity.

12. The bottom of beer, or other liquor, is the grounds or dregs.

13. In the language of jockeys, stamina, native strength; as a horse of good bottom

BOT'TOM, verb transitive To found or build upon; to fix upon as a support; followed by on; as, sound reasoning is bottomed on just premises.

1. To furnish with a seat or bottom; as, to bottom a chair.

2. To wind round something, as in making a ball of thread.

BOT'TOM, verb intransitive To rest upon, as its ultimate support.

Find on what foundation a proposition bottoms.

BOT'TOMED, participle passive Furnished with a bottom; having a bottom

This word is often used in composition, as a flat-bottomed boat, in which case the compound becomes an adjective.

BOT'TOMING, participle present tense Founding; building upon; furnishing with a bottom.

BOT'TOMLESS, adjective Without a bottom; applied to water, caverns etc., it signified fathomless, whose bottom cannot be found by sounding; as a bottomless abyss or ocean.

BOT'TOMRY, noun [from bottom.] The act of borrowing money, and pledging the keel or bottom of the ship, that is, the ship itself, as security for the repayment of the money. The contract of bottomry is in the nature of a mortgage; the owner of a ship borrowing money to enable him to carry on a voyage, and pledging the ship as security for the money. If the ship is lost, the lender loses the money; but if the ship arrives safe, he is to receive the money lent, with the interest or premium stipulated, although it may exceed the legal rate of interest. The tackle of the ship also is answerable for the debt, as well as the person of the borrower. When a loan is made upon the goods shipped, the borrower is said to take up money at respondentia, as he is bound personally to answer the contract.

BOT'TONY, noun [from the same root as bud, button.]

In heraldry, a cross bottony terminates at each end in three buds, knots or buttons, resembling in some measure the three-leaved grass.

BOUCHET', noun A sort of pear.

BOUD, noun An insect that breeds in malt or other grain; called also a weevil.

BOUGE, verb intransitive booj. To swell out. [Little used.]

BOUGE, noun Provisions. [Not in use.]

BOUGH, noun bou. The branch of a tree; applied to a branch of size, not to a small shoot.

BOUGHHT'Y, adjective baw'ty. Bending.

BOUGHT, bast, preterit tense and participle passive of buy. [See Buy.]

BOUGHT, noun bawt.

1. A twist; a link; a knot; a flexure, or bend.

2. The part of a sling that contains the stone.

BOUGIE, noun boogee'.

In Surgery, a long slender instrument, that is introduced through the urethra into the bladder, to remove obstructions. It is usually made of slips of waxed linen, coiled into a slightly conical form by rolling them on any hard smooth surface. It is also made of catgut, elastic gum and metal; but those of waved linen are generally preferred.

BOUILLON, noun Broth; soup.

BOULET', noun [from the root of ball, or bowl.]

In the manege, a horse is so called, when the fetlock or pastern joint bends forward, and out of its natural position.

BOULT, an incorrect orthography. [See Bolt.]

BOULTIN, noun [from the root of bolt.]

In architecture, a molding, the convexity of which is just one fourth of a circle, being a member just below the plinth in the Tuscan and Doric capital.

BOUNCE, verb intransitive

1. To leap or spring; to fly or rush out suddenly.

Out bounced the mastiff.

2. To spring or leap against any thing, so as to rebound; to beat or thump by a spring.

Against his bosom bounced his heaving heart.

3. To beat hard, or thump, so as to make a sudden noise.

Another bounced as hard as he could knock.

4. To boast or bully; used in familiar speech.

5. To be bold or strong.

BOUNCE, noun A heavy blow, thrust or thump with a large solid body.

The bounce burst open the door.

1. A loud heavy sound, as by an explosion.

2. A boast; a threat; in low language.

3. A fish; a species of squalus or shark.

BOUN'CER, noun A boaster; a bully; in familiar language.

BOUN'CING, participle present tense Leaping; bounding with violence, as a heavy body; springing out; thumping with a loud noise; boasting; moving with force, as a heavy bounding body.

BOUN'CING, adjective Stout; strong; large and heavy; a customary sense in the United States; as a bouncing lass.

BOUN'CINGLY, adverb Boastingly.

BOUND, noun

1. A limit; the line which comprehends the whole of any given object or space. It differs from boundary. See the latter. bound is applied to kingdoms, states, cities, towns, tracts of land, and to territorial jurisdiction.

2. A limit by which any excursion is restrained; the limit of indulgence or desire; as, the love of money knows no bounds.

3. A leap; a spring; a jump; a rebound.

4. In dancing, a spring from one foot to the other.

BOUND, verb transitive To limit; to terminate; to fix the furthest point of extension, whether of natural or moral objects, as of land, or empire, or of passion, desire, indulgence. Hence, to restrain or confine; as, to bound our wishes. To bound in is hardly legitimate.

1. To make to bound

BOUND, verb intransitive To leap; to jump; to spring; to move forward by leaps.

Before his lord the ready spaniel bounds.

1. To rebound--but the sense is the same.

BOUND, preterit tense and participle passive of bind. As a participle, made fast by a band, or by chains or fetters; obliged by moral ties; confined; restrained.

1. As a participle or perhaps more properly an adj., destined; tending; going, or intending to go; with to or for; as, a ship is bound to Cadiz, or for Cadiz.

The application of this word, in this use, is taken from the orders given for the government of the voyage, implying obligation, or from tending, stretching. So destined implies being bound

BOUND is used in composition, as in ice-bound, wind-bound, when a ship is confined or prevented from sailing by ice or by contrary winds.

BOUND'ARY, noun A limit; a bound. This word is thus used as synonymous with bound. But the real sense is, a visible mark designating a limit. Bound is the limit itself or furthest point of extension, and may be an imaginary line; but boundary is the thing which ascertains the limit; terminus, not finis. Thus by a statute of Connecticut, it is enacted that the inhabitants of every town shall procure its bounds to be set out by such marks and boundaries as may be a plain direction for the future; which marks and boundaries shall be a great heap of stones or a ditch of six feet long, etc. This distinction is observed also in the statute of Massachusetts. But the two words are, in ordinary use, confounded.

BOUND'ED, participle passive Limited; confined; restrained.

BOUND'EN, participle passive of bind. [See Bind, and participle passive Bound.]

BOUND'ER, noun One that limits; a boundary.

BOUND'ING, ppr Limiting; confining; restraining; leaping; springing; rebounding; advancing with leaps.

BOUND'LESS, adjective Unlimited; unconfined; immeasurable; illimitable; as boundless space; boundless power.

BOUND'LESSNESS, noun The quality of being without limits.

BOUN'TEOUS, adjective [See Bounty.] Liberal in charity; disposed to give freely; generous; munificent; beneficent; free in bestowing gifts; as bounteous nature. It is used chiefly in poetry for bountiful.

BOUN'TEOUSLY, adverb Liberally; generously; largely; freely.

BOUN'TEOUSNESS, noun Liberality in bestowing gifts or favors; munificence; kindness.

BOUN'TIFUL, adjective [bounty and full.] Free to give; liberal in bestowing gifts and favors; munificent; generous.

God, the bountiful author of our being.

It is followed by of before the thing given, and to before the person receiving.

BOUN'TIFULLY, adverb Liberally; largely; in a bountiful manner.

BOUN'TIFULNESS, noun The quality of being bountiful; liberality in the bestowment of gifts and favors.

BOUN'TIHEAD, noun Goodness.

BOUN'TIHEDE

BOUN'TY, noun [Latin bonitas, from bonus, good.]

1. Liberality in bestowing gifts and favors; generosity; munificence. The word includes the gift or favor and the kindness of disposition with which it is bestowed; or a favor bestowed with benevolent disposition. This distinguishes it from a mere gift. It is also observed by Johnson, that it differs from charity, as a present from an alms, in not being bestowed upon persons absolutely necessitous. This is often the case; but bounty includes charity, as the genus comprehends the species; charity however does not necessarily include bounty, for charity or an alms may be given with reluctance.

The word may be used also for a free gift, 2 Bor.4.5' or a disposition to give, without the gift; goodness in general.

2. A premium offered or given, to induce men to enlist into the public service; or to encourage any branch of industry, as husbandry, manufactures or commerce.

BOUN'TY, n. [L.bonitas, from bonus, good.]

The word may be used also for a free gift, 2 Bor.4.5' or a disposition to give, without the gift; goodness in general.

BOUQUET, noun booka'y. A nosegay; a bunch of flowers.

BOUR,

BOURD, noun A just.

BOURD, n. A just.

BOURD'ER, noun A jester.

BOURGEOIS', noun burjois'. A small kind of printing types, in size between long primer and brevier. The type on which the main body of this work is printed.

BOUR'GEON, verb intransitive bur'jun. To sprout; to put forth buds; to shoot forth as a branch.

BOURN, rather BORNE, noun

1. A bound; a limit.

That undiscovered country, from whose bourn

No traveller returns.-------

2. A brook; a torrent; a rivulet. [In this sense obsolete; but retained in many names of towns, seated on the banks of streams. In Scotland, it is still used in the sense of a brook, but they write it burn.]

BOURNONITE, noun Antimonial sulphuret of lead.

BOUSE

BOUSE, verb intransitive booz. To drink hard; to guzzle. [Vulgar.]

BOUS'Y, adjective booz'y. Drunken; intoxicated. [Vulgar.]

BOUT, noun A turn; as much of an action as is performed at one time; a single part of an action carried on at successive intervals; essay; attempt.

BOUT, noun [Latin bibo.] We use this word tautologically in the phrase, a drinking-bout; or the word is the same as the preceding.

BOUTA'DE, noun [Eng.put.] Properly, a start; hence, a whim. [Not English.]

BOUTEFEU, noun An incendiary; a make-bate. [Not English.]

BOUTISALE, noun A cheap sale; or according to others, a sale by a lighted match, during the burning of which a man may bid. [Not used.]

BO'VATE, noun [In Law Latin bovata, from bos, bovis, an ox.]

An ox-gate, or as much land as an ox can plow in a year; Cowell says 28 acres.

BO'VINE, adjective [Los Latin bovinus, from bos, bovis, an ox.]

Pertaining to oxen and cows, or the quadrupeds of the genus bos.

This animal is the strongest and fiercest of the bovine genus.

The ox-born souls mean nothing more than the eight living souls, who issued from their allegorical mother, the bovine ark.

BOW, verb transitive

1. To bend; to inflect; as, to bow vines.

2. To bend the body in token of respect or civility; as, to bow the head.

3. To bend or incline towards, in condescension.

BOW down thine ear to the poor. Eccles.

4. To depress; to crush; to subdue.

His heavy hand hath bowed you to the grave.

He bows the nations to his will.

BOW, verb intransitive To bend; to curve; to be inflected; to bend, in token of reverence, respect or civility; often with down.

This is the idol to which the world bows.

1. To stoop; to fall upon the knees.

The people bowed upon their knees.

2. To sink under pressure.

They stoop; they bow down together. Isaiah.

BOW, noun An inclination of the head, or a bending of the body, in token of reverence, respect, civility, or submission.

BOW, noun [See bow to bend.] An instrument of war, and hunting, made of wood, or other elastic matter, with a string fastened to each end. The bow being bent by drawing the string, and suddenly returning to its natural state by its elastic force, throws an arrow to a great distance, and with force sufficient to kill an animal. It is of two kinds, the long-bow, and the cross-bow, arbalest or arbalest. The use of the bow is called archery.

1. Any thing bent, or in form of a curve; the rainbow; the doubling of a string in a knot; the part of a yoke which embraces the neck; etc.

2. A small machine, formed with a stick and hairs, which being drawn over the strings of an instrument of music, causes it to sound.

3. A beam of wood or brass, with three long screws that direct a lathe of wood or steel to any arch; used in forming drafts of ships, and projections of the sphere, or wherever it is necessary to draw large arches.

4. An instrument for taking the sun's altitude at sea, consisting of a large arch of ninety degrees graduated, a shank or staff, a side-vane, a sight-vane, and a horizon-vane; now disused.

5. An instrument in use among smiths for turning a drill; with turners, for turning wood; with hatters, for breaking fur and wool.

6. Bows of a saddle, are the two pieces of wood laid archwise to receive the upper part of a horse's back, to give the saddle its due form, and to keep it tight.

7. bow of a ship, is the rounding part of her side forward, beginning where the planks arch inwards, and terminating where they close, at the stem or prow. A narrow bow is called a lean bow; a broad one, a bold or bluff bow

On the bow in navigation, is an arch of the horizon, not exceeding 45 degrees, comprehended between some distant object, and that point of the compass which is right ahead.

BOW'ABLE, adjective Of a flexible disposition. [Not in use.]

BOW'ED, participle passive Bent; crushed; subdued.

BOWED, participle passive Bent; like a bow.

BOW'EL, verb transitive To take out the bowels; to eviscerate; to penetrate the bowels.

BOW'ELLESS, adjective Without tenderness of pity.

BOW'ELS, noun plural

1. The intestines of an animal; the entrails, especially of man. The heart. 2 Corinthians 6:12.

2. The interior part of any thing; as the bowels of the earth.

3. The seat of pity or kindness; hence, tenderness, compassion, a scriptural sense.

Bowel, in the singular, is sometimes used for gut.

BOW'ER, noun [from bow.] An anchor carried at the bow of a ship. There are generally two bowers, called first and second, great and little, or best and small.

BOW'ER, noun

1. A shelter or covered place in a garden, made with boughs of trees bent and twined together. It differs from arbor in that it may be round or square, whereas an arbor is long and arched.

2. A bed-chamber; any room in a house except the hall.

3. A country seat; a cottage.

4. A shady recess; a plantation for shade.

BOW'ER, verb transitive To embower to inclose.

BOW'ER, verb intransitive To lodge.

BOW'ERS

BOW'ERY, adjective Covering; shading as a bower; also, containing bowers

A bowery maze that shades the purple streams.

BOW'ERY, a. Covering; shading as a bower; also, containing bowers.

BOW'ESS, BOW'ET, noun A young hawk, when it begins to get out of the nest; a term in falconry.

BOW'ESS, BOW'ET, noun A young hawk, when it begins to get out of the nest; a term in falconry.

BOWGE, verb intransitive To swell out. [See Bouge.]

BOWGE, verb transitive To perforate; as, to bowge a ship.

[I do not find this word in any other author.]

BOW'ING, participle present tense Bending; stooping; making a bow.

BOW'INGLY, adverb In a bending manner.

BOWL, noun [In Latin, vola is the hollow of the hand.]

1. A concave vessel to hold liquors, rather wide than deep, and thus distinguished from a cup, which is rather deep than wide.

2. The hollow part of any thing; as the bowl of a spoon.

3. A basin; a fountain.

BOWL, noun A ball of wood used for play on a level plat of ground.

BOWL, verb intransitive To play with bowls, or at bowling.

BOWL, verb transitive To roll as a bowl; also, to pelt with any thing rolled.

BOWLDER, noun [from bowl.] A small stone of a roundish form, and of no determinate size, found on the sea shore and on the banks or in the channels of rivers, etc., worn smooth or rounded by the action of water; a pebble.

The term bowlder is now used in Geology for rounded masses of any rock, found out of place, and apparently transported from their original bed by water. Bowlders of Granite, often of great size, are very common on the surface of the most recent formations.

BOWLER, noun One who plays at bowls.

BOWLINE, noun A rope fastened near the middle of the leech or perpendicular edge of the square sails, by subordinate parts, called bridles, and used to keep the weather edge of the sail tight forward, when the ship is close hauled.bridles, are the ropes by which the bowline is fastened to the leech of the sail.

BOWLING, participle present tense Playing at bowls.

BOWMAN, noun [bow and man.] A man who uses a bow; an archer. Jeremiah 4:29.

BOW'MAN, noun The man who rows the foremost oar in a boat.

BOWNET, noun [bow and net.] An engine for catching lobsters and crawfish, called also bow-wheel. It is made of two round wicker baskets, pointed at the end, one of which is thrust into the other, and at the mouth is a little rim bent inwards.

BOW'-PIECE, noun [bow and piece.] A piece of ordnance carried at the bow of a ship.

BOW'RS , noun [from bos.] Muscles that bend the joints.

BOWSE, verb intransitive In seaman's language, to pull or haul; as, to bowse upon a tack; to bowse away, to pull all together.

BOWSPRIT, noun [bow and sprit.] A large boom or spar, which projects over the stem of a ship or other vessel, to carry sail forward. [This is probably the true orthography.]

BOWSS'EN, verb transitive To drink; to drench. [Not used.]

BOWYER, noun [from bow, a corruption of bower, like sawyer.]

An archer; one who uses a bow; one who makes bows. [Little used.]

BOX, noun [Lat. buxus, the tree, and pyxis, a box; Gr. a box and the tree.]

A coffer or chest, either of wood or metal. In general, the word box is used for a case of rough boards, or more slightly made than a chest, and used for the conveyance of goods. But the name is applied to cases of any size and of any materials; as a wooden box a tin box an iron box a strong box

1. The quantity that a box contains; as a box of quicksilver; a box or rings. In some cases, the quantity called a box is fixed by custom; in others, it is uncertain, as a box of tea or sugar.

2. A certain seat in a play-house, or in any public room.

3. The case which contains the mariner's compass.

4. A money chest.

5. A tree or shrub, constituting the genus buxus, used for bordering flower-beds. The African box is the myrsine.

6. A blow on the head with the hand, or on the ear with the open hand.

7. A cylindrical hollow iron used in wheels, in which the axle-tree runs. Also, a hollow tube in a pump, closed with a valve.

BOX, verb intransitive To fight with the fist; to combat with the hand or fist.

BOX, verb transitive To inclose in a box; also, to furnish with boxes, as a wheel or block.

1. To strike with the hand or fist, especially the ear or side of the head.

2. To rehearse the several points of the compass in their proper order.

3. To make a hole or cut in a tree, to procure the sap; as, to box a maple.

4. To sail round.

BOX'ED, participle passive Inclosed in a box; struck on the head with the fist or hand; furnished with a box or hollow iron, as a wheel.

BOX'EN, adjective Made of box-wood; resembling box.

BOX'ER, noun One who fights with his fist.

BOX'-HAUL, verb transitive To veer a ship in a particular manner, when it is impracticable to tack.

BOX'ING, participle present tense Inclosing in a box; striking with the fist; furnishing with a box.

BOX'ING, noun The act of fighting with the fist; a combat with the fist.

BOX'-THORN, noun [box and thorn.] A plant, the Lycium, or a species of it.

BOY, noun [Latin puer for puger, for we see by puella, that r is not radical. So the Gr. probably is contracted, for the derivative verb, forms.]

A male child, from birth to the age of puberty; but in general, applied to males under ten or twelve years of age; a lad. Sometimes it is used in contempt for a young man, indicating immaturity, want of vigor or judgment.

BOY, verb transitive To treat as a boy

Rather, to act as a boy; to imitate a boy in action. The passage in Shakespeare, in which this word is found, is supposed to allude to the practice of boys acting women's parts on the stage.

I shall see some squeaking Cleopatra boy my greatness.

BOY'AR, noun A Russian nobleman. [See Boiar.]

BOY'AU, noun boy'o. In fortification, a ditch covered with a parapet, serving as a communication between two trenches.

BOY'-BLIND, adjective Blind as a boy; undiscerning.

BOY'ER, noun A Flemish sloop, with a castle at each end.

BOY'HOOD, adjective [boy and hood.] The state of a boy, or of immature age.

BOY'ISH, adjective Belonging to a boy; childish; trifling; resembling a boy in manners or opinions; puerile.

BOY'ISHLY, adverb Childishly; in a trifling manner.

BOY'ISHNESS, noun Childishness; the manners or behavior of a boy.

BOY'ISM, noun Childishness; puerility.

1. The state of a boy.

BOYU'NA, noun A large serpent of America, black and slender, having an intolerable smell. Also, a harmless reptile.