BIAN'GULATE

BIAN'GULATED

BIAN'GULOUS , adjective [Latin bis, twice, and angulus, an angle.]

Having two angles or corners. [Little used.]

BIAN'GULATED

BIAN'GULOUS , a. [L.bis, twice, and angulus, an angle.]

Having two angles or corners. [Little used.]

BIARM'IAN, adjective Noting a race of Finns in Perme, in the north of Europe, on the Dvina, and about the White Sea; written also Permian. The Biarmians or Permians are said to be the most wealthy and powerful of the Finnish tribes.

BI'AS, noun

1. A weight on the side of a bowl which turns it from a straight line.

2. A leaning of the mind; inclination; prepossession; propensity towards an object, not leaving the mind indifferent; as, education gives a bias to the mind.

3. That which causes the mind to lean or incline from a state of indifference, to a particular object or course.

BI'AS, verb transitive To incline to one side; to warp; to give a particular direction to the mind; to prejudice; to prepossess. The judgment is often biassed by interest.

This word is used by Shakespeare as an adverb, bias and thwart, i.e. aslope; and as an adjective.

Blow till they bias cheek

Outswell the cholic of puft Aquilon.

BI'ASED, participle passive Inclined from a right line; warped; prejudiced.

BI'ASING, participle present tense Giving a bias, particular direction or propensity; warping; prejudicing.

BIB, noun A small piece of linen or other cloth worn by children over the breast.

1. A fish about a foot in length, the back of a light olive, the sides yellow, and the belly white.

BIB, verb transitive [Latin bibo.] To sip; to tipple; to drink frequently. [Little used.]

BIBA'CIOUS, adjective [Latin bibax. See Bib.] Addicted to drinking; disposed to imbibe.

BIBAC'ITY, noun The quality of drinking much. [Not used.]

BIB'BER, noun A tippler; a man given to drinking; chiefly used in composition, as winebibber.

BIB'IO, noun A name of the wine fly, a small insect found in empty wine casks.

BI'BLE, noun [Gr. a book.]

THE BOOK, by way of eminence; the sacred volume, in which are contained the revelations of God, the principles of Christian faith, and the rules of practice. It consists of two parts, called the Old and New Testaments.

The bible should be the standard of language as well as of faith.

BIB'LER, noun [See Bib.] A tipler; a great drinker.

BIB'LICAL, adjective Pertaining to the Bible, or to the sacred writings; as biblical criticism.

BIBLIOG'RAPHER, noun [Gr. a book.] One who composes or compiles the history of books; one skilled in literary history; a transcriber.

BIBLIOGRAPH'IC

BIBLIOGRAPH'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to the history of books.

BIBLIOGRAPH'ICAL, a. Pertaining to the history of books.

BIBLIOG'RAPHY, noun A history or description of books; the perusal of books, and manuscripts, with notices of the different editions, the times when they were printed, and other information tending to illustrate the history of literature.

BIB'LIOLITE, noun [Gr. a book, and a stone; called also phytobiblia and lithobiblia.]

Bookstone; a species of shistous stones, mostly calcarious, which present, between their lamens, the figures of leaves, or sometimes simple dendrites.

BIBLIOM'ANCY, noun [Gr.a book, and divination.]

A kind of divination, performed by means of the bible; consisting in selecting passages of scripture at hazard, and drawing from them indications concerning things future.

BIBLIOMA'NIA, noun [Gr.book, and madness.]

Book-madness; a rage for possessing rare and curious books.

BIBLIOMA'NIAC, noun One who has a rage for books.

BIBLIOP'OLIST, noun [Gr. book, and to sell.] A Bookseller.

BIBLIOTH'ECAL, adjective [Latin bibliotheca, a library.]

Belonging to a library.

BIBLIOTH'ECARY, noun A librarian.

BIBLIOTHE'KE, noun A library.

BIB'LIST, noun [from bible.] With the Romanists, one who makes the scriptures the sole rule of faith.

1. One who is conversant with the bible.

BIBRAC'TEATE, adjective Double bracteate.

BIB'ULOUS, adjective [Latin bibulus, from bibo, to drink.]

Spungy; that has the quality of imbibing fluids or moisture.

BICAP'SULAR, adjective [Latin bis, double, and capsula, a little chest, from capsa, a chest. See Capsular.]

In botany, having two capsules containing seeds, to each flower; as a bicapsular pericarp.

BIC'ARBONATE, noun Supercarbonate; a carbonate containing two primes of carbonic acid.

BICAU'DA, noun A fish of the sword-fish kind, about five feet in length; its back and sides of a brown color, and its belly white.

BICE or BISE, noun Among painters, a blue color prepared from the lapis armenus, Armenican stone.

BICE is smalt reduced to a fine power by levigation.

BICIP'ITAL

BICIP'ITOUS, adjective [Latin biceps, of bis, twice, and caput, head.]

Having two heads. Applied to the muscles, it signifies having two heads or origins; and any such muscle is denominated biceps.

BICK'ER, verb intransitive

1. To skirmish; to fight off and on; that is, to make repeated attacks. [But in this sense I believe rarely used.]

2. To quarrel; to contend in words; to scold; to contend in petulant altercation. [This is the usual signification.]

3. To move quickly; to quiver; to be tremulous, like flame or water; as the bickering flame; the bickering stream.

BICK'ERER, noun One who bickers, or engages in a petty quarrel.

BICK'ERING, participle present tense Quarreling; contending; quivering.

BICK'ERMENT, noun Contention. [Not used.]

BICK'ERN, noun An iron ending in a beak or point.

BI'CORN, noun [Latin bis, twice, and cornu, a horn, bicornis.]

A plant whose anthers have the appearance of two horns.

BI'CORN

BICORN'OUS, adjective Having two horns.

BID, verb transitive preterit tense bid or bade; participle passive bid bidden. [Latin peto, to drive at, to attack, to ask, to desire, to beseech, anciently beto; impetus. Applied to the voice, it denotes utterance, a driving of sounds, which is applied to asking, prayer, and command. Class Bd.]

1. To ask; to request; to invite.

Go ye into the highways, and as many as ye shall find, bid to the marriage. Mattew 22:9.

This sense is antiquated, but we have the same word from the Latin, in invite, [in and bid ]

2. To command; to order or direct.

And Peter answered him and said, Lord, if it be thou, bid me come to thee on the water. Matthew 14:28.

3. To offer; to propose; as, to bid a price at an auction.

4. To proclaim; to make known by a public voice.

Our bans thrice bid

5. To pronounce or declare; as, to bid a welcome.

6. To denounce, or threaten; as, to bid defiance.

7. To wish or pray.

Neither bid him good speed. John 10:1.

To bid beads, is to pray with beads, as the Catholics; to distinguish each bead by a prayer.

Also, to charge parishioners to say a number of paternosters.

To bid fair, is to open or offer a good prospect; to appear fair.

BID or BID'DEN, participle passive of bid Invited; offered; commanded.

BID, noun An offer of a price; a word much used at auctions.

BID'ALE, noun [bid and ale.] In England, an invitation of friends to drink ale at some poor man's house, and there to contribute in charity; an ancient and still a local custom.

BID'DER, noun One who offers a price.

Bidders at the auction of popularity.

BID'DING, participle present tense Inviting; offering; commanding.

BID'DING, noun Invitation; command; order; a proclamation or notifying.

BIDE, verb intransitive To dwell; to inhabit.

1. To remain; to continue or be permanent, in a place or state. [Nearly antiquated.]

BIDE, verb transitive To endure; to suffer. [See Abide.]

BI'DENS, noun A plant, bur marigold.

BIDENT'AL, adjective [Latin bidens, of bis, twice, and dens, a tooth.] Having two teeth.

BIDET', noun A small horse, formerly allowed to each trooper or dragoon for carrying his baggage.

BI'DING, participle present tense Dwelling; continuing; remaining. [See Abiding.]

BI'DING, noun Residence; habitation.

BID'ON, noun A measure of liquids, of about five quarts, wine measure, used by seamen.

BIEN'NIAL, adjective [Latin biennis, of bis, twice, and annus, a year.]

1. Continuing for two years and then perishing; as plants, whose root and leaves are formed the first year, and which produce fruit the second.

2. In botany, continuing for two years and then perishing; as plants, whose root and leaves are formed the first year, and which produce fruit the second.

BIEN'NIALLY, adverb Once in two years; at the return of two years.

BIER, noun [Latin feretrum, from fero. See Bear.]

A carriage or frame of wood for conveying dead human bodies to the

grave.

BIE'STINGS, noun plural The first milk given by a cow after calving.

BIFA'RIOUS, adjective [Latin bifarius; bis and fero, or Teutonic, faran, to go.]

Two-fold. In botany, pointing two ways, as leaves that grow only on opposite sides of a branch.

BIFA'RIOUSLY, adverb In a bifarious manner. A stem or branch is bifariously hairy, when the hairs between any two joints come out on the front and back, and in the two adjoining internodes, on the right and left side.

BIF'EROUS, adjective [Latin bifer, biferus; of bis, twice, and fero, to bear.]

Bearing fruit twice a year, as plants do in warm climates.

BIF'ID

BIF'IDATE, adjective [Latin bifidus, bifidatus, of bis, twice, and findo, fidi, to split or cleave. See Divide and Wide.]

In botany, two-cleft; divided; opening with a cleft; divided by a linear sinus, with straight margins.

BIF'IDATE, a. [L. bifidus, bifidatus, of bis, twice, and findo, fidi, to split or cleave. See Divide and Wide.]

In botany, two-cleft; divided; opening with a cleft; divided by a linear sinus, with straight margins.

BIF'LOROUS, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and floreo.] Bearing two flowers.

BI'FOLD, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and fold.] Two-fold; double; of two kinds, degrees, etc.

BI'FORM, adjective [Latin biformis, of bis, twice, and forma, form.]

Having two forms, bodies or shapes.

BI'FORMED, adjective Compounded of two forms.

BIFORM'ITY, noun A double form.

BI'FURCATE

BI'FURCATED, adjective [Latin bifurcus, of bis, twice, and furca, a fork.]

Forked; divided into two branches.

BI'FURCATED, a. [L. bifurcus, of bis, twice, and furca, a fork.]

Forked; divided into two branches.

BIFURCA'TION, noun A forking, or division into two branches.

BIG, adjective

1. Bulky; protuberant; pregnant, applied to females. big in the sense of pregnant, is followed by with; as, big with child. The use of of, big of child, is not good English.

2. Great; large; in a more general sense; applied to any body or object.

3. Full; fraught, and about to have vent, or be brought forth.

The important day, big with the fate of Rome.

4. Distended; full, as with grief or passion.

Thy heart is big get thee apart and weep.

5. Swelled; tumid; inflated, as with pride; hence, haughty in air or mien, or indicating haughtiness; proud; as big looks; big words; to look big

6. Great in spirit; lofty; brave.

Have not I a heart as big as thine?

BIG, noun A kind of barley.

BIG'AM, noun A bigamist. [Not used.]

BIG'AMIST, noun [See Bigamy.] One who has committed bigamy, or had two wives at one.

BIG'AMY, noun [Latin bis, twice, and Gr. to marry, marriage.]

The crime of having two wives at once. But the term is ordinarily used as synonymous with Polygamy, and may be more justly defined, the crime of having a plurality of wives.

In the canon law, bigamy was the marrying a second wife after the death of the first, or once marrying a widow. This disqualified a man for orders, and holding ecclesiastical offices.

BIG'BELLIED, adjective Having a great belly; advanced in pregnancy.

BIGBO'NED, adjective Having large bones.

BIG'CORNED, adjective Having large grains.

BIGEM'INATE, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and geminus, double.]

Twin-forked; used of a decompound leaf having a forked petiole, with several leaflets, at the end of each division.

BIG'GEL, noun A quadruped of the East Indies, somewhat like a rane or rein-deer, but its head resembles that of a horse. It has two horns, cloven feet and a mane like an ass.

BIG'GIN, noun

1. A child's cap, or something worn about the head.

2. A building.

BIGHT, noun

1. A bend, or small bay between two points of land.

2. The double part of a rope when folded, in distinction from the end; that is, a round, bend or coil anywhere except at the ends.

3. The inward bent of a horse's chambrel, and the bend of the fore knees.

BIG'LY, adverb [from big.] In a tumid, swelling, blustering manner; haughtily.

BIG'NAMED, adjective Having a great or famous name.

BIG'NESS, noun Bulk; size; largeness; dimensions. It is used of any object, animate or inanimate, and with or without comparison. Thus we speak of the bigness of a tree, of a rock, of a house, without instituting a comparison with other objects of the kind. Yet in this case there is always some reference in the mind to known measure. We also say, one thing is as big as another; in which case we give the idea of unknown size, by a known object. Big and bigness always imply expansion, more or less, in breadth, and are thus distinguished from tall and tallness.

BIG'OT, noun

1. A person who is obstinately and unreasonably wedded to a particular religious creed, opinion, practice or ritual. The word is sometimes used in an enlarged sense, for a person who is illiberally attached to any opinion, or system of belief; as a bigot to the Mohammedan religion; a bigot to a form of government.

2. A venetian liquid measure containing the fourth part of the amphor, or half the boot.

BIG'OT

BIG'OTED, adjective Obstinately and blindly attached to some creed, opinion, practice or ritual; unreasonably devoted to a system or party, and illiberal towards the opinions of others.

BIG'OTEDLY, adverb In the manner of a bigot; pertinaciously.

BIG'OTRY, noun Obstinate or blind attachment to a particular creed, or to certain tenets; unreasonable zeal or warmth in favor of a party, sect or opinion; excessive prejudice.

1. The practice or tenet of a bigot.

BIG'SOUNDING, adjective Having a pompous sound.

BIG'SWOLN, adjective [big and swoln. See Swell.]

Swelled to a large size; turgid; greatly swelled; ready to burst.

BIG'UDDERED, adjective [big and udder.]

Having large udders, or udders swelled with milk.

BIHYDROG'URET, noun A double hydroguret, or with two atoms of hydrogen.

BIJU'GOUS, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and jugum, a yoke, a pair.]

Having two pairs of leaflets; used of pinnated leaves.

BILA'BIATE, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and labium, a lip.]

Having two lips, as the corols of flowers.

BILAM'ELLATE, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and lamella, a plate.]

Having the form of a flatted sphere, longitudinally bifid; used of the stigma of plants.

BI'LANDER, noun A small merchant vessel with two masts, distinguished from other vessels of two masts, by the form of the main-sail, which is bent to the whole length of a yard, hanging fore and aft, and inclined to the horizon in an angle of about 45 degrees; the foremost lower corner, called the tack, being secured to a ring-bolt in the deck, and the aftermost or sheet, to the tafferel. Few vessels are now rigged in this manner.

The bilander is a kind of hoy, manageable by four or five men and used chiefly in the canals of the Low Countries.

BILAT'ERAL, adjective [Latin bis and latus, side.] Having two sides.

BIL'BERRY, noun The name of a shrub and its fruit; a species of Vaccinium or whortle-berry. The name with us is given to the taller shrub and its fruit which is of a bluish color.

BIL'BO, noun [from Bilboa, in Spain.]

A rapier; a sword; so named, it is said, from Bilboa in Spain, where the best are made.

BIL'BOES, noun plural On board of ships, long bars or bolts of iron with shackles sliding on them, and a lock at the end, used to confine the feet of prisoners or offenders. Hence the punishment of offenders in this manner is called by the same name.

BILD, verb transitive preterit tense bilded, bilt; participle passive id.

To construct; to erect; to set up and finish; as, to bild a house or ship; to bild a wall. [This is the true orthography; the common spelling is incorrect. See Build.]

BILD'STEIN, noun Agalmatolite, or figure-stone. A massive mineral, with sometimes a slaty structure; of a color gray, brown, flesh red, sometimes spotted, or with blue veins. It fuses into a transparent glass. Brongniart calls it steatite pagodite, from its coming from China in grotesque figures.

This mineral resembles steatite in its physical characters, but differs from it essentially in its composition. It is soft, easily cut with a knife, and reducible to a fine unctuous powder.

BILE, noun [Latin bilis.] A yellow bitter liquor, separated from the blood in the liver, collected in the pori biliarii and gall bladder, and thence discharged by the common duct into the duodenum.

BILE, noun An inflamed tumor. [See Boil, the correct orthography.]

BI'LEDUCT, noun [bile and Latin ductus, a conduit.]

A vessel or canal to convey bile.

BI'LESTONE, noun [bile and stone.] A concretion of viscid.bile.

BILGE, noun [A different orthography of bulge, and belly, a protuberance.]

1. The protuberant part of a cask, which is usually in the middle.

2. The breadth of a ship's bottom, or that part of her floor which approaches to a horizontal direction, on which she would rest, if aground. Hence, when this part of a ship is fractured, she is said to be bilged.

BILGE, verb intransitive To suffer a fracture in the bilge; to spring a leak by a fracture in the bilge The term is used also when a ship has some of her timbers struck off by a rock or an anchor, and springs a leak.

BILG'ED, participle passive or adjective Having a fracture in the bilge. This participle is often used, as if the verb were transitive; and perhaps it is sometimes so used.

BIL'IARY, noun Water which enters a ship, and lies upon her bilge or bottom.

BIL'IARY, adjective [from Latin bilis.] Belonging to the bile; conveying the bile; as a biliary duct.

BIL'INGSGATE, noun [from a place of this name in London frequented by low people who use foul language.]

Foul language; ribaldry.

BILIN'GUOUS, adjective [Latin bis, and lingua, tongue.]

Having two tongues, or speaking two languages.

BIL'IOUS, adjective [Latin biliosus, from bilis, the bile.]

Pertaining to bile; consisting or partaking of bile; caused by a redundancy, or bad state of the bile; as a bilious fever.

BILIT'ERAL, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and litera, letter.]

Consisting of two letters; as a biliteral root in language.

BILK, verb transitive To frustrate or disappoint; to deceive or defraud, by non-fulfillment of engagement; as, to bilk a creditor.

BILK'ED, participle passive Disappointed; deceived; defrauded.

BILK'ING, participle present tense Frustrating; defrauding.

BILL, noun

1. The beak of a fowl.

2. An instrument used by plumbers, basket makers and gardeners, made in the form of a crescent, and fitted with a handle. When short, it is called a hand-bill; when long, a hedge-bill. It is used for pruning trees, etc.

BILL, noun

A pick-ax, or mattock; a battle-ax; an ax or hatchet with a crooked point.

BILL, noun

1. In law, a declaration in writing, expressing some wrong the complainant has suffered from the defendant, or a fault committed by some person against a law. It contains the fact complained of, the damage sustained, and a petition or process against the defendant for redress. It is used both in civil and criminal cases.

In Scots law, every summary application in writing, by way of petition to the court of session, is called a bill

2. In law and in commerce, in England, an obligation or security given for money under the hand, and sometimes the seal of the debtor, without a condition or forfeiture for non-payment. In the latter circumstance, it differs from a bond. In the United States, this species of security is usually called a note, a note of hand, or a promissory note.

3. A form or draft of a law, presented to a legislature, but not enacted. In some cases, statutes are called bills; but usually they are qualified by some description, as a bill of attainder.

4. A paper written or printed, and posted in some public place, advertising the proposed sale of goods, or particular things; an advertisement posted.

5. An account of goods sold or delivered, services rendered or work done, with the price or value annexed to each article.

6. Any written paper, containing a statement of particulars; as a bill of charges or expenditures; a physician's bill of prescriptions; a bill of fare or provisions, etc.

7. A bill of exchange is an order drawn on a person, in a distant place, requesting or directing him to pay money to some person assigned by the drawer, or to his order, in consideration of the same sum received by the drawer. Bills of exchange are either foreign or inland; foreign, when drawn by a person in one country upon one residing in another; inland, when both the drawer and drawee reside in the same country. The person who draws the bill is called the drawer; the person on whom the request or demand is made, is called the drawee; and the person to whom the money is directed to be paid, is called the payee.

8. A bill of entry is a written account of goods entered at the customhouse, whether imported or intended for exportation.

9. A bill of lading is a written account of goods shipped by any person, on board of a vessel, signed by the master of the vessel, who acknowledges the receipt of the goods, and promises to deliver them safe at the place directed, dangers of the sea excepted. It is usual for the master to sign two, three or four copies of the bill; one of which he keeps in possession, one is kept by the shipper, and one is sent to the consignee of the goods.

10. A bill of parcels is an account given by the seller to the buyer, of the several articles purchased, with the price of each.

11. A bill of sale is when a person borrows money and delivers goods to the lender as security, and at the same time, gives him a bill empowering him to sell the goods, if the money is not repaid at the appointed time with interest.

In the United States, a bill of sale is a writing given by the seller of personal property to the purchaser, answering to a deed of real estate, but without seal.

12. A bill of mortality is an account of the number of deaths in a place, in a given time. In these bills it is not unusual to insert registers of births and christenings, as in London.

13. Bank-bill. [See Bank.]

14. A bill of rights is a summary of rights and privileges, claimed by a people. Such was the declaration presented by the lords and commons of England to the prince and princess of Orange in 1688. In America, a bill or declaration or rights is prefixed to most of the constitutions of the several states.

15. A bill of divorce, in the Jewish law, was a writing given by the husband to the wife, by which the marriage relation was dissolved.

16. [See Indictment.]

BILL, verb intransitive [from bill a beak.] To join bills, as doves; to caress in fondness.

BILL, verb transitive [from bill a writing.] To advertise by a bill or public notice; a cant word.

BILL'ARD, noun A bastard or imperfect capon; also a fish of the cod kind.

BILL'ET, noun [dim. of bill; ]

A small paper or note in writing, used for various purposes; sometimes it is a short letter, addressed to some person; sometimes a ticket directing soldiers at what house to lodge.

In heraldry, billet is a bearing in the form of a long square.

BILL'ETING, participle present tense Quartering, as soldiers in private houses.

BILL'IARD, a bil'yard. Pertaining to the game of billiards.

BILL'IARDS, noun plural bil'yards.

A game played on a rectangular table, covered with a green cloth, with small ivory balls, which the players aim to drive into hazardnets or pockets at the sides and corners of the tables, by impelling one ball against another, with maces, or cues, according to certain rules of the game.

BILL'ION, noun bil'yun. [bis and million.]

A million of millions; as many millions as there are units in a million.

BIL'LOW, noun A great wave or surge of the sea, occasioned usually by violent wind. It can hardly be applied to the waves of a river, unless in poetry, or when the river is very large.

BIL'LOW, verb intransitive To swell; to rise and roll in large waves, or surges.

BIL'LOWING, participle present tense Swelled into a large waves or surges.

BIL'LOWY, adjective Swelling, or swelled into large waves; wavy; full of billows, or surges.

BILO'BATE, adjective [Latin bis, twice. See Lobe.] Divided into two lobes; as a bilobate leaf.

BILO'BED

BILOC'ULAR, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and loculus, from locus, a place.]

Divided into two cells, or containing two cells internally; as a bilocular pericarp.

BIL'VA, noun The Hindu name of a plant, the Crataeva Marmelos of Linne.

BIMA'NOUS, adjective [bis and manus.] Having two hands. Man is bimanous

BIM'BOW, adjective Crooked; arched; bent; as a kimbo handle.

To set the arms a kimbo, is to set the hands on the hips, with the elbows projecting outward.

BIME'DIAL, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and medial.] In mathematics, if two medial lines, A B and B C, commensurable only in power, and containing a rational rectangle, are compounded, the whole line A C will be irrational, and is called a first bimedial line.

1. Belonging to a quantity arising from a particular combination of two other quantities.

BIN'ACLE, noun [Formerly bittacle.] A wooden case or box in which the compass and lights are kept on board a ship. It is sometimes divided into three apartments, with sliding shutters; the two sides contain each a compass, and the middle division, a lamp or candle.

BI'NARY, adjective [Latin binus, two and two.]

Binary arithmetic, the invention of Leibnitz, is that in which two figures only, 0 and 1, are used, in lieu of ten; the cypher multiplying every thing by two, as in common arithmetic by 10. Thus, 1 is one; 10 is two; 11 is three; 100 is four; 101 is five; 110 is six; 111, is seven; 1000 is eight; 1001 is nine; 1010 is ten. It is said this species of arithmetic has been used by the Chinese for 4000 years, being left in enigma by Fohi.

Binary measure, in music, is that used in common time, in which the time of rising in beating, is equal to the time of falling.

Binary number is that which is composed of two units.

BI'NARY, noun The constitution of two.

BI'NATE, adjective [Latin biinus. See Binary.] Being double or in couples; growing in pairs. A binate leaf has a simple petiole, connecting two leaflets on the top; a species of digitate leaf.

BIND, verb transitive

1. To tie together, or confine with a cord, or any thing that is flexible; to fasten as with a band, fillet or ligature.

2. To gird, inwrap or involve; to confine by a wrapper, cover or bandage; sometimes with up; as, to bind up a wound.

3. To confine or restrain, as with a chain, fetters or cord; as, bind him hand and foot.

4. To restrain in any manner.

He bindeth the floods from overflowing. Job 28:11.

5. To oblige by a promise, vow, stipulation, covenant, law, duty or any other moral tie; to engage.

If a man shall swear an oath to bind his soul with a bond. Numbers 30:2.

We are bound by the laws of kindness, of nature, of a state, etc.

6. To confirm or ratify.

Whatsoever thou shalt bind on earth, shall be bound in heaven. Matthew 16:19.

7. To distress, trouble, or confine by infirmity.

Whom Satan hath bound these eighteen years. Luke 13:1.

8. To constrain by a powerful influence or persuasion.

I go bound in the spirit to Jerusalem. Acts 20:1.

9. To restrain the natural discharges of the bowels; to make costive; as, certain kinds of food bind the body or bowels.

10. To form a border; to fasten with a band, ribin, or any thing that strengthens the edges; as, to bind a garment or carpet.

11. To cover with leather or anything firm; to sew together and cover; as, to bind a book.

12. To cover or secure by a band; as, to bind a wheel with tire.

13. To oblige to serve, by contract; as, to bind an apprentice; often with out; as, to bind out a servant.

14. To make hard or firm; as, certain substances bind the earth.

To bind to is to contract; as, to bind one's self to a wife.

To bind over is to oblige by bond to appear at a court.

BIND, verb intransitive To contract; to grow hard or stiff; as, clay binds by heat.

1. To grow or become costive.

2. To be obligatory.

BIND, noun A stalk of hops, so called from its winding round a pole or tree, or being bound to it.

1. A bind of eels, is a quantity consisting of 10 strikes, each containing 25 eels, or 250 in the whole.

2. Among miners, indurated clay, when much mixed with the oxyd of iron.

BI'NDER, noun A person who binds; one whose occupation is to bind books; also, one who binds sheaves.

1. Anything that binds, as a fillet, cord, rope, or band.

BI'NDERY, noun A place where books are bound.

BI'NDING, participle present tense Fastening with a band; confining; restraining; covering or wrapping; obliging by a promise or other moral tie; making costive; contracting; making hard or stiff.

BI'NDING, adjective That obliges; obligatory; as the binding force of a moral duty or of a command.

BI'NDING, noun The act of fastening with a band or obliging; a bandage; the cover of a book, with the sewing and accompanying work; any thing that binds; something that secures the edge of cloth.

1. In the art of defense, a method of securing or crossing the adversary's sword with a pressure, accompanied with a spring of the wrist.

Binding-joists, in architecture, are the joists of a floor into which the trimmers of staircases, or well holes of the stairs and chimney ways, are framed.

BING, noun In alum works, a heap of alum thrown together in order to drain.

BIN'OCLE, noun [binus, double, and oculus, and eye.]

A dioptric telescope, fitted with two tubes joining, so as to enable a person to view an object with both eyes at once.

BINOC'ULAR, adjective [See Binocle.] Having two eyes; also, having two apertures or tubes, so joined that one may use both eyes at once in viewing a distant object; as a binocular telescope.

BINO'MIAL, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and nomen, name.]

In algebra, a root consisting of two members connected by the sign plus or minus; as a+b, or 7-3.

BINOM'INOUS, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and nomen, name.]

Having two names.

BINOT'ONOUS, adjective [bis and note.] Consisting of two notes; as a binotonous cry.

BIOG'RAPHER, noun [See Biography.] One who writes an account of history of the life and actions of a particular person; a writer of lives, as Plutarch.

BIOGRAPH'IC

BIOGRAPH'ICAL, adjective Pertaining to biography, or the history of the life of a person; containing biography.

BIOGRAPH'ICAL, a. Pertaining to biography, or the history of the life of a person; containing biography.

BIOG'RAPHY, noun [Gr.life, and to write.]

The history of the life and character of a particular person.

BIOTINA, noun [from Biot, a French naturalist.]

A newly discovered Vesuvian mineral, whose primitive form is that of an obtuse rhomboid.

BIP'AROUS, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and pario, to bear.]

Bringing forth two at a birth.

BIPART'IBLE

BIPAR'TIENT, [Latin bis, twice, and partio, partiens, to divide.] Dividing into two parts.

BIP'ARTILE , adjective [Latin bis, twice, and partio, to divide.]

That may be divided in two parts.

BIP'ARTITE, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and partitus, divided.]

1. Having two correspondent parts, as a legal contract or writing, one for each party.

2. In botany, divided into two parts to the base, as a leaf.

BIPARTI'TION, noun The act of dividing into two parts, or of making two correspondent parts.

BI'PED, noun [Latin bipes, of bis, twice, and pes, pedis, a foot.]

An animal having two feet, as man.

BIP'EDAL, adjective Having two feet, or the length of two feet.

BIPEN'NATE, adjective [Latin bis, and penna, a wing or feather.] Having two wings.

1. In botany, having pinnate leaves on each side of the petiole, as a leaf or frond.

BIPEN'NATIFID, adjective [Latin bis, twice, pinna, a wing or feather, and findo, to divide.]

Doubly-pinnatifid; having pinnatifid leaves on each side of the petiole.

BIPET'ALOUS, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and Gr. a leaf.]

Consisting of two flower leaves; having two petals.

BIPIN'NATIFID

BIQUAD'RATE, noun [Latin bis, twice, and quadratus, squared.]

In mathematics the fourth power, arising from the multiplication of a square number or quantity by itself. Thus 4x4=16, which is the square of 4, and 16x16=256, the biquadrate of that number.

BIQUAD'RATE, n. [L. bis, twice, and quadratus, squared.]

In mathematics the fourth power, arising from the multiplication of a square number or quantity by itself. Thus 4x4=16, which is the square of 4, and 16x16=256, the biquadrate of that number.

BIQUADRAT'IC, noun The same as biquadrate.

BIQUADRAT'IC, adjective Pertaining to the biquadratic or fourth power.

Biquadratic equation, in algebra, is an equation raised to the fourth power, or where the unknown quantity of one of the terms has four dimensions.

Biquadratic parabola, in geometry, is a curve line of the third order, having two infinite legs tending the same way.

Biquadratic root of a number, is the square root of the square root of that number. Thus the square root of 9 is 3, which is the biquadratic root of 81.

BIQUIN'TILE, noun [Latin bis, twice, and quintus, fifth.]

An aspect of the planets, when they are distant from each other, by twice the fifth part of a great circle, that is 144 degrees or twice 72 degrees.

BIRA'DIATE

BIRA'DIATED, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and radiatus, set with rays.]

Having two rays; as a biradiate fin.

BIRCH, noun burch. A genus of trees, the Betula, of which there are several species; as the white or common birch the dwarf birch the Canada birch of which there are several varieties, and the common black birch

BIRCH of Jamaica, a species of the Pistacia or turpentine tree.

BIRCH

BIRCH'EN, adjective Made of birch; consisting of birch.

BIRD, noun burd.

1. Properly, a chicken, the young of fowls, and hence a small fowl.

2. In modern use, any fowl or flying animal.

It is remarkable that a nation should lay aside the use of the proper generic name of flying animals, and substitute the name of the young of those animals, as the generic term. The fact is precisely what it would be to make lamb, the generic name of sheep, or colt, that of the equine genus.

BIRD, verb transitive To catch birds.

BIRD of paradise, a genus of birds, found in the Oriental isles, and in New Guinea; some of them remarkable beautiful. The beak is covered with a belt or collar of downy feathers at the base, and the feathers on the sides are very long. The longest species is two feet four inches in length. The head and back part of the neck are lemon-colored; the neck of the brightest emerald green, soft like velvet; the breast is black; the wings of a chestnut color. The back part of the body is covered with long straight narrow feathers, of a pale brown color, similar to the plumes of the ostrich. These are spread when the bird flies, for which reason he cannot keep long on the wing. From the rump proceed two long stiff shafts, feathered at the extremities.

BIRD'BOLT, noun [bird and bolt.] An arrow, broad at the end, for shooting birds.

BIRD'ER, noun A bird-catcher.

BIRD'EYED, adjective Of quick sight.

BIRDS'EYE, noun [bird and eye.] A genus of plants, called also pheasant's eye, known in botany by the generic term Adonis. There are several species, some of which produce beautiful flowers.

BIRDS'FOOT, noun [bird and foot.] A plant, the Ornithopus, whose legumen is articulated, cylindrical, and bent in the form of a bow.

BIRDS'NEST, noun [bird and nest.] The nest in which a bird lays eggs and hatches her young.

1. A plant, a species of Ophrys or twyblade; also a species of Orchis.

2. In cookery, the nest of a small swallow, of China, and the neighboring countries, delicately tasted, and mixed with soups. This nest is found in the rocks; it is of a hemispherical figure, of the size of a goose egg, and in substance resembles isinglass. In the East, these nests are esteemed a great luxury, and sell at a very high price.

BI'REME, noun [Latin biremis, bis and remus, and oar.]

A vessel with two banks or tiers of oars.

BIRG'ANDER, noun The name of a wild goose.

BIRHOMBOID'AL, adjective [bis and rhomboid.]

Having a surface composed of twelve rhombic faces, which, being taken six and six, and prolonged in idea, till they intercept each other, would form two different rhombs.

BIRK'EN, verb transitive [from birch.] To beat with a burch or rod.

BIROS'TRATE

BIROS'TRATED, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and rostrum, a beak.]

Having a double beak, or process resembling a beak.

The capsule is bilocular and birostrated.

BIROS'TRATED, a. [L. bis, twice, and rostrum, a beak.]

Having a double beak, or process resembling a beak.

BIRT, noun burt. A fish, called also turbot.

BIRTH, noun berth. [Latin partus, the participle of pario, to bear.]

1. The act of coming into life, or of being born. Except in poetry, it is generally applied to human beings; as the birth of a son.

2. Lineage; extraction; descent; as, Grecian birth

It is used of high or low extraction; but is often used by way of distinction for a descent from noble or honorable parents and ancestors; as a man of birth

3. The condition in which a person is born.

A foe by birth to Troy.

4. That which is born; that which is produced, whether animal or vegetable.

5. The act of bringing forth; as, she had two children at a birth

6. In a theological sense, regeneration is called the new birth

7. Origin; beginning; as the birth of an empire.

BIRTH, BERTH, noun A station in which a ship rider. [See Berth.]

BIRTH'DAY, noun [birth and day.] The day in which any person is born.

1. The same day of the month, in which a person was born, in every succeeding year; often celebrated as a joyful anniversary. It sometimes has the form of an attribute; as a birth-day ode.

BIRTH'DOM, noun [birth and dom.] Privilege of birth. [Not used.]

BIRTH'ING, noun Any thing added to raise the sides of a ship.

BIRTH'NIGHT, noun [birth and night.] The night in which a person is born; and the anniversary of that night in succeeding years.

BIRTH'PLACE, noun [birth and place.] The town, city or country, where a person is born; more generally, the particular town, city, or other local district.

BIRTH'RIGHT, noun [birth and right.] Any right or privilege, to which a person is entitled by birth, such as an estate descendible by law to an heir, or civil liberty under a free constitution.

Esau, for a morsel, sold his birthright Hebrews 12:16.

It may be used in the sense of primogeniture, or the privilege of the first born, but is applicable to any right which results from descent.

BIRTH'-SONG, noun A song sung at the birth of a person.

BIRTH'-STRANGLED, adjective [birth and strangle.] Strangled or suffocated in being born.

BIRTH'WORT, noun [birth and wort.] A genus of plants, Aristolochia, of many species. Of these are the snake root of America, and the contrayerva of Jamaica.

BISA

BIS'COTIN, noun A confection, made of flour, sugar, marmalade and eggs.

BIS'COTIN, n. A confection, made of flour, sugar, marmalade and eggs.

BIS'CUIT, noun bis'kit. [Latin bis, twice, and cuit, baked.]

1. A kind of bread, formed into cakes, and baked hard for seamen.

2. A cake, variously made, for the use of private families. The name, in England, is given to a composition of flour, eggs, and sugar. With us the name is given to a composition of flour and butter, made and baked in private families. But the compositions under this denomination are very various.

3. The body of an earthen vessel, in distinction from the glazing.

DISDIAPASON, BISDIAPASON noun [See Diapason.] In music, a compound concord in the quadruple ratio of 4:1 or 8:2.

BISECT', verb transitive [Latin bis, twice, and seco, sectum, to cut. See Section.]

To cut or divide into two parts. In geometry, one line bisects another when it crosses it, leaving an equal part of the line on each side of the point where it is crossed.

BISECT'ED, participle passive Divided into two equal parts.

BISECT'ING, participle present tense Dividing into two equal parts.

BISEC'TION, noun The act of cutting into two equal parts; the division of any line or quantity into two equal parts.

BISEG'MENT, noun [bis and segment.] One of the parts of a line, divided into two equal parts.

BISEX'OUS, adjective Consisting of both sexes.

BISH'OP, noun [Latin episcopus; Gr. of, over, and inspector, or visitor; to view, or inspect; whence, to visit; also, to view. This Greek and Latin word accompanied the introduction of christianity into the west and north of Europe.]

1. An overseer; a spiritual superintendent, ruler or director; applied to Christ.

Ye were as sheep going astray, but are now returned to the shepherd and bishop of your souls. 1. Pet.2.

2. In the primitive church, a spiritual overseer; an elder or presbyter; one who had the pastoral care of a church.

The same persons are in this chapter called elders or presbyters, and overseers or bishops. Scott, Comm. Acts 20:1.

Till the churches were multiplied, the bishops and presbyters were the same. Ib. Philippians 1:1. 1. Tim.3.1. Titus 1:7.

Both the Greek and Latin fathers do, with one consent, declare, that bishops were called presbyters, and presbyters bishops, in apostolic times, the name being then common.

3. In the Greek, Latin, and some Protestant churches, a prelate, or person consecrated for the spiritual government and direction of a diocese. In Great Britain, bishops are nominated by the king, who, upon request of the dean and chapter, for leave to elect a bishop sends a conge d'elire, or license to elect, with a letter missive, nominating the person whom he would have chosen. The election, by the chapter, must be made within twelve days, or the king has a right to appoint whom he pleases. Bishops are consecrated by an archbishop, with two assistant bishops. A bishop must be thirty years of age; and all bishops, except the bishop of Man, are peers of the realm.

By the canons of the Protestant Episcopal church in the United States, no diocese or state shall proceed to the election of a bishop unless there are at least six officiating presbyters residing therein, who shall be qualified, according to the canons, to vote for a bishop; a majority of whom at least must concur in the election. But the conventions of two or more dioceses, or states, having together nine or more such presbyters, may join in the election of a bishop A convention is composed of the clergy, and a lay delegation, consisting of one or more members from each parish. In every state, the bishop is to be chosen according to such rules as the convention of that state shall ordain. The mode of election, in most or all of the states, is by a concurrent vote of the clergy and laity, in convention, each body voting separately. Before a bishop can be consecrated, he must receive a testimonial of approbation from the General Convention of the church; or if that is not in session, from a majority of the standing committee in the several dioceses. The mode of consecrating bishops and ordaining priests and deacons differs not essentially from the practice in England.

BISHOP, noun A cant word for a mixture of wine, oranges, and sugar.

BISHOP, verb transitive to confirm; to admit solemnly into the church.

1. Among horse-dealers, to use arts to make an old horse look like a young one, or to give a good appearance to a bad horse.

BISH'OPLIKE, adjective Resembling a bishop; belonging to a bishop.

BISH'OPRIC, noun [bishop and ric, jurisdiction.]

1. A diocese; the district over which the jurisdiction of bishop extends. in England, are twenty-four bishoprics, besides that of Sodor and Man; in Ireland, eighteen.

2. The charge of instructing and governing in spiritual concerns; office. Acts 1:20.

BISH'OPSWEED, noun [bishop and used.] A genus of plants, with the generic name Ammi.

BISH'OPSWORT, noun A plant.

BISK, noun Soup or broth, made by boiling several sorts of flesh together.

BISK'ET, a biscuit. This orthography is adopted by many respectable writers.

BIS'MUTH, noun s as z. A metal of a yellowish or reddish white color, and a lamellar texture. It is somewhat harder than lead, and scarcely, of at all, malleable, being so brittle as to break easily under the hammer, and it is reducible to powder. Its internal face or fractrue exhibits large shining plates, variously disposed. It melts at 476 degrees Fahr. and may be fused in the flame of a candle. It is often found in a native state, crystallized in rhombs or octahedrons, or in the form of dendrites, or thin lamens investing the ores of other metals, particularly cobalt.

BIS'MUTHAL, adjective Consisting of bismuth, or containing it.

BIS'MUTHIC, adjective Pertaining to bismuth; as bismuthic acid.

BIS'ON, noun [Latin A quadruped of the bovine genus, usually but improperly called the buffalo. The proper buffalo is a distinct species, peculiar to the warmer climates of the Eastern Continent. The bison is a wild animal, with short, black, rounded horns, with a great interval between their bases. On the shoulders is a large hunch, consisting of a fleshy substance. The head and hunch are covered with a long undulated fleece, of a rust-color, divided into locks. In winter, the whole body is covered in this manner; but in summer, the hind part of the body is naked, and wrinkled. The tail is about a foot long, naked, except a tuft of hairs at the end. The fore parts of the body are very thick and strong; the hind parts are slender and weak. These animals inhabit the interior parts of North America, and some of the mountainous parts of Europe and Asia.

Pennant alleges that the bison of America is the same species of animal as the bison and aurochs of Europe, the bonasus of Aristotle, the urus of Caesar, the bos ferus or wild ox of Strabo, the bison of Pliny, and the biston of Oppian.

Cuvier has not separated the bison of America from that of Europe, He considers their identity as doubtful. The former has the legs and tail shorter, and the hairs of its head and neck longer than in the latter.

Cuvier has not separated the bison of America from that of Europe. He considers their identity as doubtful. The former has the legs and tail shorter, and the hairs of its head and neck longer than in the latter.

BISSEX'TILE, noun [Latin bissextilis, leap year, from bissextus, [bis and sextus] the sixth of the calends of March, or twenty-fourth day of February, which was reckoned twice every fourth year, by the interrelation of a day.]

Leap year; every fourth year, in which a day is added to the month of February, on account of the excess of 6 hours, which the

civil year contains, above 365 days. This excess is 11 minutes 3 seconds too much; that is, it exceeds the real year, or annual revolution of the earth. Hence at the end of every century, divisible by 4, it is necessary to retain the bissextile day, and to suppress it at the end of those centuries which are not divisible by 4.

BISSEX'TILE, adjective Pertaining to the leap year.

BIS'SON, adjective Blind. [Not used.]

BIS'TER, noun Among painters, the burnt oil extracted from the soot of wood; a brown pigment. To prepare it, soot [that os beach is the best' is put into water, in the proportion of two pounds to a gallon, and boiled half an hour; after standing to settle, and while hot, the clearer part of the fluid must be poured off from the sediment, and evaporated to dryness; the remainder is bister

BIS'TORT, noun [Latin bistorta, bis and tortus, twisted.]

A plant, a species of polygonum, or many-knotted or angled. In popular language, it is called snake-weed.

BIS'TOURY, noun bis'tury. A surgical instrument for making incisions. It is either straight and fixed in a handle like a knife, or its blade turns like a lancet, or it is crooked, with the sharp edge on the inside.

BISULC'OUS, adjective [Latin bisulcus, of bis and sulcus, a furrow.]

Cloven footed, as swine or oxen.

BISUL'PHURET, noun [bis and sulphuret.] In chimistry, a sulphuret, with a double proportion of sulphur.

BIT, noun The iron part of a bridle which is inserted in the mouth of a horse, and its appendages, to which the reins are fastened. It includes the bit mouth, the branches, the curb, the sevel holes, the tranchefil and cross chains. Bits are of various kinds, as the musrol, snaffle, or watering bit; the canon mouth, jointed in the middle; the canon or fast mouth, all of a piece, kneed in the middle; the scatch-mouth; the masticador, or slavering bit; etc.

BIT, verb transitive To put a bridle upon a horse; to put the bit in the mouth.

BIT, preterit tense and participle passive of bite. Seized or wounded by the teeth.

BIT, noun A small piece; a mouthful, or morsel; a bite.

1. A small piece of any substance.

3. A small coin of the West Indies, a half pistareen, about ten cents, or five pence sterling.

4. The point of an auger, or other borer; the bite.

This word is used, like jot and whit, to express the smallest degree; as, he is not a bit wiser or better.

BITCH, noun

1. The female of the canine kind, as of the dog, wolf, and fox.

2. A name of reproach for a woman.

BITE, verb transitive preterit tense bit; participle passive bit, bitten.

1. To break or crush with the teeth, as in eating; to pierce with the teeth, as a serpent; to seize with the teeth, as a dog.

2. To pinch or pain, as with cold; as a biting north wind; the frost bites.

3. To reproach with sarcasm; to treat with severity by words or writing; as, one poet praises, another bites.

4. To pierce, cut, or wound; as a biting falchion.

5. To make to smart, as acids bite the mouth.

6. To cheat; to trick.

The rogue was bit.

[Not elegant, but common.]

7. To enter the ground and hold fast, as the bill and palm of an anchor.

8. To injure by angry contention.

If ye bite and devour one another. Galatians 5:15.

BITE, noun The seizure of any thing by the teeth of an animal, as the bite of a dog; or with the mouth, as of a fish.

1. The wound made by the teeth.

2. A morsel; as much as is taken at once by biting; a mouthful.

3. A cheat; a trick; a fraud. [A low word.]

4. A sharper; one who cheats.

BI'TER, noun One who bites; that which bites; a fish apt to take bait.

1. One who cheats or defrauds.

BITERN'ATE, adjective [Latin bis and ternus, three.] In botany, doubly ternate, as when a petiole has three ternate leaflets.

BI'TING, participle present tense Seizing, wounding, or crushing with the teeth; pinching, paining, causing to smart with cold; reproaching with severity, or treating sarcastically; chesting.

BI'TING, adjective Sharp; severe; sarcastic.

BI'TINGLY, adverb In a sarcastic or jeering manner.

BIT'LESS, adjective Not having a bit or bridle.

BIT'MOUTH, noun [bit and mouth.] The bit, or that part of a bridle which is put in a horse's mouth.

BIT'TACLE, noun The box for the compasses and lights on board a ship. [See Binacle.]

BIT'TEN, participle passive of bite. bit'tn. Seized or wounded by the teeth; cheated.

BIT'TER, adjective

1. Sharp, or biting to the taste; acrid; like wormwood.

2. Sharp; cruel; severe; as bitter enmity. Hebrews 1:1.

3. Sharp, as words, reproachful; sarcastic.

4. Sharp to the feeling; piercing; painful; that makes to smart; as a bitter cold day, or a bitter blast.

5. Painful to the mind; calamitous; poignant; as a bitter fate.

6. Afflicted; distressed.

The Egyptians made their lives bitter Exodus 1:14.

7. Hurtful; very sinful.

Is is an evil and bitter thing. Jeremiah 2:19.

8. Mournful; distressing; expressive of misory; as a bitter complaint or lamentation. Job 23:2. Jeremiah 6:26.

BIT'TER, noun A substance that is bitter [See bitter ]

BIT'TER, noun [See Bitts.] In marine language, a turn of the cable which is round the bitts.

Bitter-end, that part of a cable which is abaft the bitts, and therefore within board, when the ship rides at anchor.

BIT'TERISH, adjective Somewhat bitter; bitter in a moderate degree.

BIT'TERISHNESS, noun The quality of being moderately bitter.

BIT'TERLY, adverb With a bitter taste.

1. In a severe manner; in a manner expressing poignant grief; as, to weep bitterly

2. In a manner severely reproachful; sharply; severely; angrily; as, to censure bitterly

BIT'TERN, noun A fowl of the grallic order, the Ardea stellaris, a native of Europe. This fowl has long legs and neck, and stalks among reeds and sedge, feeding upon fish. It makes a singular noise, called by Dryden bumping, and by Goldsmith booming.

BIT'TERN, noun [from bitter.] In salt works, the brine remaining after the salt is concreted. This being laded off, and the salt taken out of the pan, is returned, and being again boiled, yields more salt. It is used in the preparation of Epsom salt, the sulphate of magnesia, and of Glauber's salt, the sulphate of soda.

BIT'TERNESS, noun [from bitter.] A bitter taste; or rather a quality in things which excites a biting disagreeable sensation in the tongue.

1. In a figurative sense, extreme enmity, grudge, hatred; or rather an excessive degree or implacableness of passions and emotions; as the bitterness of anger. Ephesians 4:31.

2. Sharpness; severity of temper.

3. Keenness of reproach; piquancy; biting sarcasm.

4. Keen sorrow; painful affliction; vexation; deep distress of mind.

Hannah was in bitterness of soul. 1 Samuel 1:10. Job 7:11.

In the gall of bitterness in a state of extreme impiety or enmity to God. Acts 8:23.

Root of bitterness a dangerous error, or schism, tending to draw persons to apostasy. Hebrews 12:15.

BIT'TERS, noun A liquor in which bitter herbs or roots are steeped; generally a spirituous liquor, the bitter cause of intemperance, of disease, and of premature death!

BIT'TERVETCH, noun [bitter and vetch.] A species of Ervum, or lentil, cultivated for fodder.

1. A genus of plants, known by the generic name Orobus, remarkable for their beautiful papilionaceous flowers. The tubercles of one species are in great esteem among the Highlanders of Scotland, who chew them, when dry, to give a better relish to their liquors.

BIT'TOUR, or BIT'TOR, noun The bittern.

BITTS, noun plural [from the same root as bite.] A frame of two strong pieces of timber fixed perpendicularly in the fore part of a ship, on which to fasten the cables, when she rides at anchor. There are also top-sail sheet bitts paul-bitts, carrick-bitts, etc.

BITTS, verb transitive To put round the bitts; as, to bitt the cable, in order to fasten it or to slacken it out gradually, which is called veering away.

BITU'ME, noun Bitumen, so written for the sake of the rhyme.

BIT'UMEN

BITU'MEN, noun [Latin] This name is used to denote various inflammable substances, of a strong smell, and of different consistencies, which are found in the earth. There are several varieties, most of which evidently pass into each other, proceeding from Naphtha, the most fluid, to Petroleum, a viscid fluid, Maltha, more or less cohesive, elastic bitumen or mineral caoutchouc, and Asphalt, which is sometimes too hard to be scratched by the nail.

BITU'MINATE, verb transitive To impregnate with bitumen.

BITU'MINATED, adjective Impregnated with bitumen.

BITUMINIF'EROUS, adjective [bitumen and fero, to produce.]

Producing bitumen.

BITU'MINIZE, verb transitive To form into, or impregnate with bitumen.

BITU'MINOUS, adjective Having the qualities of bitumen; compounded with bitumen; containing bitumen.Limestone is of a lamellar structure, susceptible of polish, of a brown or black color, and when rubbed emitting an unpleasant smell. That of Dalmatia is so charged with bitumen, that it may be cut like soap.

BI'VALVE, noun [Latin bis, twice, and valve. Latin valva]

An animal having two valves, or a shell consisting of two parts which open and shut. Also a pericarp in which the seed-case opens or splits into two parts.

BI'VALVE

BIVALV'OUS, adjective Having two shells or valves which open and shut, as the oyster and the seed cases of certain plants.

BIVALV'ULAR

BIVAULT'ED, adjective [Latin bis, twice, and vault.] Having two vaults or arches.

BIVAULT'ED, a. [L. bis, twice, and vault.] Having two vaults or arches.

BIVENT'RAL, adjective [Latin bis and venter, belly.] Having two bellies; as a biventral muscle.

BIV'IOUS, adjective [Latin bivius; bis and via, way.] Having two ways, or leading two ways.

BIVOUAC, noun [Latin vigilo.] The guard or watch of a whole army, as in cases of great danger of surprise or attack.

BIVOUAC, verb transitive To watch or be on guard, as a whole army.

[This word anglicized would be bewatch.]

BIX'WORT, noun A plant.

BIZA, noun A coin of Pegu, of the value of half a ducat; also, a weight.